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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 959-960页

作者： simran Kapila Yuhan sun Chao Peng shujing Zhang Department of Neurology David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Molecular Biology institute Brain Research InstituteMary S.Easton Center for Alzheimer’s ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

The build-up of misfoldedα-synuclein(α-syn)in the central nervous system is the pathological hallmark of a number of neurodegenerative diseases that are known asα-*** include Parkinson’s disease(PD),Parkinson’s disease with dementia(PDD),dementia with Lewy body(LB),multiple system atrophy(MsA),and a subset of alzheimer’s *** evidence underscores that the intercellular transmission and amplification of pathologicalα-syn are critical processes underlying the progression ofα-synucleinopathies(Peng et al.,2020),and as such,the study of these processes could lead to the identification of promising therapeutics to mitigate disease *** previous studies have focused solely on pathological seeds in relation to disease progression.

关键词： pathological diseases

CHIT1-positive microglia act as culprits for spinal motor neuron aging

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science China(Life sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 847-848页

作者： Zhao Wang Wantong Cai Weihong song Oujiang Laboratory(Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine Vision and Brain Health)Institute of AgingKey Laboratory of Alzheimer’s Disease of Zhejiang ProvinceThe Second Affiliated HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325035China

Aging is one of the primary factors in spinal cord-associated disorders(Roberts,1990).However,the effects of aging on the spinal cord and the age-specific mechanisms underlying this relationship remain *** neurons(MNs... 详细信息

关键词： aging Roberts positive

Blood-brain barrier pathology in cerebral small vessel disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1233-1240页

作者： Ruxue Jia Gemma solé-Guardia Amanda J.Kiliaan Department of Medical Imaging AnatomyRadboud University Medical CenterDonders Institute for BrainCognition&BehaviorCenter for Medical NeurosciencePreclinical Imaging Center PRIMERadboud Alzheimer CenterNijmegenthe Netherlands

Cerebral small vessel disease is a neurological disease that affects the brain microvasculature and which is commonly observed among the *** at first it was considered innocuous,small vessel disease is nowadays regarded as one of the major vascular causes of *** signs of small vessel disease include small subcortical infarcts,white matter magnetic resonance imaging hyperintensities,lacunes,enlarged perivascular spaces,cerebral microbleeds,and brain atrophy;however,great heterogeneity in clinical symptoms is observed in small vessel disease *** pathophysiology of these lesions has been linked to multiple processes,such as hypoperfusion,defective cerebrovascular reactivity,and blood-brain barrier ***,studies on small vessel disease suggest that blood-brain barrier dysfunction is among the earliest mechanisms in small vessel disease and might contribute to the development of the hallmarks of small vessel ***,the purpose of this review is to provide a new foundation in the study of small vessel disease ***,we discuss the main structural domains and functions of the blood-brain ***,we review the most recent evidence on blood-brain barrier dysfunction linked to small vessel ***,we conclude with a discussion on future perspectives and propose potential treatment targets and interventions.

关键词： blood-brain barrier dysfunction cerebral blood flow cerebral hypoperfusion endothelial dysfunction hypertension inflammation magnetic resonance imaging neurovascular unit oxidative stress small vessel disease tight junctions transcytosis

Design of a 3D-printed liquid lithium divertor target plate and its interaction with high-density plasma

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第8期26卷 112-120页

作者：苑聪聪叶宗标刘建星郭恒鑫彭怡超廖加术陈波陈建军王宏彬韦建军张秀杰芶富均 institute of Nuclear science and Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064People’s Republic of China institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064People’s Republic of China southwestern institute of Physics Chengdu 610064People’s Republic of China

A liquid Li divertor is a promising alternative for future fusion *** this work a new divertor model is proposed,which is processed by 3D-printing technology to accurately control the size of the internal capillary *** a steady-state heat load of 10 MW m^(-2),the thermal stress of the tungsten target is within the bearing range of tungsten by finite-element *** order to evaluate the wicking ability of the capillary structure,the wicking process at 600℃ was simulated by *** result was identical to that of the corresponding *** 1 s,liquid lithium was wicked to the target surface by the capillary structure of the target and quickly spread on the target *** the wicking process,the average wicking mass rate of lithium should reach 0.062 g s^(-1),which could even supplement the evaporation requirement of liquid lithium under an environment>950℃.Irradiation experiments under different plasma discharge currents were carried out in a linear plasma device(sCU-PsI),and the evolution of the vapor cloud during plasma irradiation was *** was found that the target temperature tends to plateau despite the gradually increased input current,indicating that the vapor shielding effect is gradually *** irradiation experiment also confirmed that the 3D-printed tungsten structure has better heat consumption performance than a tungsten mesh structure or multichannel *** results reveal the application potential and feasibility of a 3D-printed porous capillary structure in plasma-facing components and provide a reference for further liquid-solid combined target designs.

关键词： fusion divertor 3D-printing tungsten lithium liquid metal

Gyrokinetic simulation of magnetic-island-induced electric potential vortex mode

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第1期26卷 34-41页

作者：王丰李继全曲洪鹏彭晓东 southwestern institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People’s Republic of China

Ion temperature gradient(ITG)-driven turbulence with embedded static magnetic islands is simulated by utilizing a gyrokinetic theory-based global turbulence transport code(GKNET)in this *** from the traditional equilibrium circular magnetic-surface average(EMsA)method,an advanced algorithm that calculates the perturbed magnetic-surface average(PMsA)of the electric potential has been developed to precisely deal with the zonal flow component in a non-circular magnetic surface perturbed by magnetic *** show that the electric potential vortex structure inside islands induced by the magnetic islands is usually of odd parity when using the EMsA *** is found that the odd symmetry vortex can transfer into an even one after a steep zonal flow gradient,*** flow shear has been built in the vicinity of the magnetic islands by adopting the PMsA *** phase of the potential vortex in the poloidal cross section is coupled with the zonal flow *** an electric potential vortex mode may be of essential importance in wide topics,such as the turbulence spreading across magnetic islands,neoclassical tearing mode physics,and also the interaction dynamics between the micro-turbulence and MHD activities.

关键词： magnetic islands electric vortex ITG perturbed magnetic flux surface average

Gyro-Landau-fluid simulations of impurity effects on ion temperature gradient driven turbulence transport

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第1期26卷 8-15页

作者：刘逸飞李继全 southwestern institute of Physics Chengdu 610041People’s Republic of China

The effects of impurities on ion temperature gradient(ITG)driven turbulence transport in tokamak core plasmas are investigated numerically via global simulations of microturbulence with carbon impurities and adiabatic *** simulations use an extended fluid code(ExFC)based on a four-field gyro-Landau-fluid(GLF)*** multispecies form of the normalized GLF equations is presented,which guarantees the self-consistent evolution of both bulk ions and *** parametric profiles of the cyclone base case,well-benchmarked ExFC is employed to perform simulations focusing on different impurity density *** a fixed temperature profile,it is found that the turbulent heat diffusivity of bulk ions in a quasi-steady state is usually lower than that without impurities,which is contrary to the linear and quasilinear *** evolutions of the temperature gradient and heat diffusivity exhibit a fast relaxation process,indicating that the destabilization of the outwardly peaked impurity profile is a transient state ***,the impurity effects from different profiles can obviously influence the nonlinear critical temperature gradient,which is likely to be dominated by linear *** results suggest that the improvement in plasma confinement could be attributed to the impurities,most likely through adjusting both heat diffusivity and the critical temperature gradient.

关键词： gyro-Landau-fluid simulation impurity effects ion temperature gradient mode turbulence transport

Impurity modes in two-dimensional strongly coupled complex plasma crystals

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第8期26卷 1-7页

作者：吴诗杰徐韵乔冼顺宇何向磊杨肖易 school of Energy science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China school of Physics Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China school of Materials science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China

Complex plasma fluctuation processes have been extensively studied in many aspects,especially lattice waves in strongly coupled plasma crystals,which are of great significance for understanding fundamental physical phenomena.A challenge of experimental investigations in two-dimensional strongly coupled complex plasma crystals is to keep the main body and foreign particles of different masses on the same horizontal *** solve the problem,we have proposed a potential well formed by two negatively biased grids to bind the negatively charged particles in a two-dimensional(2D)plane,thus achieving a 2D plasma crystal in the microgravity *** study of such phenomena in complex plasma crystals under microgravity environment then becomes *** this paper,we focus on the continuum spectrum,including both phonon and optic branches of the impurity mode in a 2D system in microgravity *** results show the dispersion relation of the longitudinal and transverse impurity oscillation modes and their *** the macroscopic visibility of complex mesoscopic particle lattices,theoretical and experimental studies on this kind of complex plasma systems will help us further understand the physical nature of a wide range of condensed matters.

关键词： microgravity environment complex plasma lattice dispersion relation

self-propelled Leidenfrost droplets on femtosecond-laser-induced surface with periodic hydrophobicity gradient

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第2期6卷 502-509页

作者： Bohong Li Lan Jiang Xiaowei Li Zhipeng Wang Peng Yi Laser Micro/Nano Fabrication Laboratory School of Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Beijing institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center ChongqingPeople’s Republic of China Yangtze Delta Region Academy of Beijing institute of Technology JiaxingPeople’s Republic of China

The controllable transfer of droplets on the surface of objects has a wide application prospect in the fields of microfluidic devices,fog collection and so *** Leidenfrost effect can be utilized to significantly reduce motion ***,the use of 3D structures limits the widespread application of self-propulsion based on Leidenfrost droplets in microelectromechanical *** manipulate Leidenfrost droplets,it is necessary to create 2D or quasi-2D *** this study,femtosecond laser is applied to fabricate a surface with periodic hydrophobicity gradient(sPHG),enabling directional self-propulsion of Leidenfrost *** field analysis within the Leidenfrost droplets reveals that the vapor layer between the droplets and the hot surface can be modulated by the sPHG,resulting in directional propulsion of the inner *** viscous force between the gas and liquid then drives the droplet to move.

关键词： self-propelled Leidenfrost droplets periodic hydrophobicity gradient femtosecond laser fabrication

An improved TDE technique for derivation of 2D turbulence structures based on GPI data in toroidal plasma

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第3期26卷 131-137页

作者：王威策程钧石中兵严龙文黄治辉弋开阳吴娜何钰邹千陈熙张文陈建聂林季小全钟武律 southwestern institute of Physics Chengdu 610299People's Republic of China institute of Fusion science School of Physical Science and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031People's Republic of China

This paper reports an improved time-delay estimation(TDE)technique for the derivation of turbulence structures based on gas-puff imaging *** improved TDE technique,integrating an inverse timing search and hierarchical strategy,offers superior accuracy in calculating turbulent velocity field maps and analyzing blob dynamics,which has the power to obtain the radial profiles of equilibrium poloidal velocity,blob size and its radial velocity,even the fluctuation analysis,such as geodesic acoustic modes and quasi-coherent mode,*** improved technique could provide important 2D information for the study of edge turbulence and blob dynamics,advancing the understanding of edge turbulence physics in fusion plasmas.

关键词： gas-puff imaging TDE method turbulence velocity field map

Amphipathic Phenylalanine-Induced Nucleophilic-Hydrophobic Interface Toward Highly Reversible Zn Anode

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 95-109页

作者： Anbin Zhou Huirong Wang Fengling Zhang Xin Hu Zhihang song Yi Chen Yongxin Huang Yanhua Cui Yixiu Cui Li Li Feng Wu Renjie Chen Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental science and Engineering School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081People’s Republic of China Advanced Technology Research institute Beijing Institute of TechnologyJinan 250300People’s Republic of China Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing Beijing 100081People’s Republic of China institute of Electronic Engineering China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900People’s Republic of China

Aqueous Zn^(2+)-ion batteries(AZIBs),recognized for their high security,reliability,and cost efficiency,have garnered considerable ***,the prevalent issues of dendrite growth and parasitic reactions at the Zn electrode interface significantly impede their practical *** this study,we introduced a ubiquitous biomolecule of phenylalanine(Phe)into the electrolyte as a multifunctional additive to improve the reversibility of the Zn *** its exceptional nucleophilic characteristics,Phe molecules tend to coordinate with Zn^(2+)ions for optimizing the solvation ***,the distinctive lipophilicity of aromatic amino acids empowers Phe with a higher adsorption energy,enabling the construction of a multifunctional protective *** hydrophobic benzene ring ligands act as cleaners for repelling H_(2)O molecules,while the hydrophilic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups attract Zn^(2+)ions for homogenizing Zn^(2+)***,the preferential reduction of Phe molecules prior to H_(2)O facilitates the in situ formation of an organic-inorganic hybrid solid electrolyte interphase,enhancing the interfacial stability of the Zn ***,Zn||Zn cells display improved reversibility,achieving an extended cycle life of 5250 ***,Zn||LMO full cells exhibit enhanced cyclability of retaining 77.3%capacity after 300 cycles,demonstrating substantial potential in advancing the commercialization of AZIBs.

关键词： Zn anode Phenylalanine Adsorption energy solvation sheath