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Facilitating the acceptance of tangibly reduced-crude protein diets for chicken-meat production

Animal Nutrition 2020年第3期6卷 247-257页

作者： Peter V.Chrystal Shiva Greenhalgh Peter H.Selle Sonia Yun Liu School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSE2006Australiali poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSW2570Australia baiada poultry pty limited pendle Hill2145NSWAustralia

Inclusions of non-bound amino acids particularly methionine,lysine and threonine,together with the"ideal protein"concept have allowed nutritionists to formulate broiler diets with reduced crude protein(CP)and increased nutrient density of notionally"essential"amino acids and energy content in recent decades,However,chicken-meat production has been projected to double between now and 2050,providing incentives to reduce dietary soybean meal inclusions further by tangibly reducing dietary CP and utilising a larger array of non-bound amino *** relatively conservative decreases in dietary CP,in the order of 20 to 30 g/kg,do not negatively impact broiler performance,further decreases in CP typically compromise broiler performance with associated increases in carcass lipid *** in carcass lipid deposition suggest changes occur in dietary energy balance,the mechanisms of which are still not fully understood but discourage the acceptance of diets with reductions in CP,Nevertheless,the groundwork has been laid to investigate both amino acid and non-amino acid limitations and propose facilitative strategies for adoption of tangible dietary CP reductions;consequently,these aspects are considered in detail in this ***,investigations into reduced dietary CP are epitomised by variability broiler performance due to the wide range of dietary specifications used and the many variables that should,or could,be considered in formulation of experimental ***,a holistic approach encompassing many factors influencing limitations to the adoption of tangibly reduced CP diets must be considered if they are to be successful in maintaining broiler performance without increasing carcass lipid deposition.

关键词： Amino acid Dietary energy Digestive dynamic Electrolyte balance Peptide Reduced crude protein

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Capping dietary starch:protein ratios in moderately reduced crude protein,wheat-based diets showed promise but further reductions generated inferior growth performance in broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第2期6卷 168-178页

作者： Shiva Greenhalgh Bernard V.McInerney Leon R.McQuade Peter V.Chrystal Ali Khoddami Molly A.M.Zhuang Sonia Y.Liu Peter H.Selle poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSWAustralia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSWAustralia baiada poultry pty limited Pendle HillNSWAustralia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia

The hypothesis that capping dietary starch:protein ratios would enhance the performance of broiler chickens offered reduced-crude protein(CP)diets was tested in this experiment.A total of 432 off-sex,male Ross 308 chicks were allocated to 7 dietary treatments from 7 to 35 d *** experimental design consisted of a 3×2 factorial array of treatments with the seventh treatment serving as a positive *** levels of dietary CP(197.5,180.0 and 162.5 g/kg)with either uncapped or capped dietary starch:protein ratios constituted the factorial array of treatments,whilst the positive control diet contained 215.0 g/kg *** positive control diet had an analysed dietary starch:protein ratio of 1.50 as opposed to a ratio of 1.68 in the uncapped 197.5 g/kg CP diet and 1.41 in the corresponding capped diet and the capped 197.5 g/kg CP diet displayed *** growth performance this diet matched the positive control but outperformed the uncapped 197.5 g/kg CP diet by 10.4%(2,161 vs.1,958 g/bird;P=0.009)in weight gain,by 3.10%(3,492 vs.3,387 g/bird;P=0.019)in feed intake on the basis of pairwise comparisons and numerically improved FCR by 4.04%(1.616 vs.12684).However,the growth performance of birds offered the 180.0 and 162.5 g/kg CP dietary treatments was remarkably inferior,irrespective of dietary starch:protein *** inferior growth performance was associated with poor feathering and even feather-pecking and significant linear relationships between feather scores and parameters of growth performance were *** amino acid profile of feathers was determined where cysteine,glutamic acid,glycine,proline and serine were dominant in a crude protein content of 931 g/***,the feathering issues observed were manifestations of amino acid inadequacies or imbalances in the more reduced-CP diets and consideration is given to the implications of these outcomes.

关键词： Amino acid Broiler chicken Crude protein Feathering Starch:protein ratio Wheat

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Progress towards reduced-crude protein diets for broiler chickens and sustainable chicken-meat production

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 828-840页

作者： Sonia Yun Liu Shemil P.Macelline Peter V.Chrystal Peter H.Selle poultry Research Foundation within The University of Sydney Camden Campus425 Werombi RoadCamdenNSW 2570Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of SydneyCamperdownNSW 2006Australia baiada poultry pty limited Pendle HillNSW 2145Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia

The prime purpose of this review is to explore the pathways whereby progress towards reduced-crude protein(CP)diets and sustainable chicken-meat production may be best ***-CP broiler diets have the potential to attenuate environmental pollution from nitrogen and ammonia emissions;moreover,they have the capacity to diminish the global chicken-meat industry’s dependence on soybean meal to tangible *** variable impacts of reduced-CP broiler diets on apparent amino acid digestibility coefficients are *** more accurate identification of amino acid requirements for broiler chickens offered reduced-CP diets is essential as this would diminish amino acid imbalances and the deamination of surplus amino *** of amino acids increases the synthesis and excretion of uric acid for which there is a requirement for glycine,this emphasises the value of so-called“non-essential”amino *** digestive dynamics and their possible impact of glucose on pancreatic secretions of insulin are discussed,although the functions of insulin in avian species require *** is probably a superior feed grain to wheat as the basis of reduced-CP diets;if so,the identification of the underlying reasons for this difference should be *** increases in starch concentrations and condensing dietary starch:protein ratios in reduced-CP diets may prove to be advantageous as expanding ratios appear to be aligned to inferior broiler *** is specifically examined because elevated free threonine plasma concentrations in birds offered reduced-CP diets may be indicative of compromised *** progress in these directions can be realised,then the prospects of reduced-CP diets contributing to sustainable chicken-meat production are promising.

关键词： Amino acids Broiler chickens Glucose Insulin Protein Starch Threonine

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The influence of phytase, pre-pellet cracked maize and dietary crude protein level on broiler performance via response surface methodology

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 169-182页

作者： Amy F.Moss Peter V.Chrystal Yueming Dersjant-Li Peter H.Selle Sonia Yun Liu poultry Research Foundation within The University of Sydney 425 Werombi RoadCamdenNSW 2570Australia School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW 2351Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia baiada poultry pty limited Pendle HillNSWAustralia Danisco Animal Nutrition DuPont Industrial BiosciencesMarlboroughUK.

Background:The reduction of crude protein levels in diets for broiler chickens may generate economic,environmental and flock welfare and health benefits;however,performance is usually *** grain feeding and phytase may improve the utilization of reduced crude protein ***:The effects of pre-pellet cracked maize(0,15%and 30%)and phytase(0,750 and 1500 FTU/kg)in isoenergetic maize-soy diets with three levels of crude protein(22%,19.5%and 17%)were evaluated via a BoxBehnken response surface *** of 13 dietary treatments were offered to 6 replicate cages(6 birds/cage)of male Ross 308 broiler chicks from 7 to 28 d *** prediction and response surface plots were generated from experimental data via polynomial regression in R and only significant coefficients were included and discussed in the predicted *** gain,feed intake and FCR were all influenced by pre-pellet cracked maize,phytase and crude protein level,where crude protein level had the greatest ***,the reduction from 22%to 17%dietary crude protein in non-supplemented diets reduced weight gain,feed intake,relative gizzard weight,relative gizzard content and relative pancreas weight but improved ***,the inclusion of 30%cracked maize to 17%crude protein diets restored gizzard weight and 1500 FTU phytase inclusion to 17%crude protein diets increased relative gizzard contents and pancreas *** maize and phytase inclusion in tandem to 17%crude protein diets increased weight gain,feed intake and FCR;however,this FCR was still more efficient than broilers offered the non-supplemented 22%crude protein *** offered the prepellet cracked maize and phytase inclusions reduced AME in 22%crude protein diets but improved AME by 2.92 MJ(14.16 versus 11.24 MJ;P<0.001)in diets containing 17%crude *** N digestibility was greater in broilers offered diets with 17%crude protein than those offered the 22%crude protein diet;irrespec

关键词： Crude protein Maize Phytase Pre-pellet whole grain Response surface

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Effects of L-arginine,guanidinoacetic acid and L-citrulline supplementation in reduced-protein diets on bone morphology and mineralization of laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第3期14卷 225-234页

作者： Hiep Thi Dao Amy F.Moss Emma J.Bradbury Robert A.Swick School of Environmental and Rural Science Faculty of ScienceAgricultureBusiness and LawUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNew South Wales2351Australia Faculty of Animal Science Vietnam National University of AgricultureTrau Quy TownGia Lam DistrictHanoi100000Vietnam baiada poultry pty limited Pendle HillNew South Wales2145Australia

The alterations in feed ingredients and the nutrient matrix to produce reduced-protein diets may affect bone morphology and mineralization in laying *** study was implemented to determine the effects of L-arginine(Arg),guanidinoacetic acid(GAA),and L-citrulline(Cit)supplementation to Argdeficient reduced-protein diets on bone morphology,strength,and mineralization status of laying *** housed Hy-Line Brown laying hens were evenly distributed to five dietary treatments with 25 replicates per treatment from 20 to 40 wk of *** consisted of a standard protein diet(17%crude protein,SP),a reduced-protein diet deficient in Arg(13%crude protein,RP),and RP supplemented with Arg(0.35%Arg,RP-Arg),GAA(0.46%GAA equivalent to 0.35%Arg,RP-GAA),or Cit(0.35%Cit equivalent to 0.35%Arg,RP-Cit)to reach the Arg level of SP *** fed the SP diet had similar bone weight,ash,length,width,Seedor index,breaking strength,and serum mineral concentration,but higher toe B level(P<0.001)compared to those fed the RP diet at wk *** fed the SP diet consumed more but also excreted more K and B compared to those fed the RP diet(P<0.01).Birds fed the SP diet had lower Cu digestibility(P=0.01)and higher B retention(P<0.01)compared to those offered the RP *** of Arg,GAA,and Cit to the RP diet increased relative femur weight and length(P<0.001).Citrulline supplementation also increased relative tibia and femur ash,and Zn digestibility(P<0.05).Supplementation of GAA to the RP diet decreased serum Ca,P,and Mg levels,decreased tibia Fe and Mg levels and toe Mg level,but increased Al,Fe,Zn,and Mn digestibility(P<0.05).The current findings demonstrated the capacity of laying hens to adapt to low mineral intake by increasing mineral ***,bone morphology and breaking strength,and serum mineral level in laying hens were not influenced by dietary CP *** Arg,GAA,or Cit supplementation were effective in improving bone morphology and

关键词： Ash Breaking strength Femur Low protein Minerals Digestibility

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维普期刊数据库

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Implications of excreta uric acid concentrations in broilers offered reduced crude protein diets and dietary glycine requirements for uric acid synthesis

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 939-946页

作者： Peter H.Selle David I.Cantor Leon R.McQuade Bernard V.McInerney Juliano Cesar de Paula Dorigam Shemil P.Macelline Peter V.Chrystal Sonia Y.Liu poultry Research Foundation within The University of Sydney CamdenNSW 2570Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Australian Proteome Analysis Facility Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia Evonik Nutrition and Care GmbH Hanau-Wolfgang 63547Germany School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia baiada poultry pty limited Pendle HillNSW 2145Australia

In a previous experiment,male Ross 308 broiler chickens were offered dietary treatments with 3 levels of crude protein(222,193,165 g/kg)and 3 feed grains(ground maize,ground wheat,whole wheat)from 7 to 35 d ***-based diets supported superior growth performance in comparison to wheatbased *** acid concentrations in excreta were retrospectively determined and related to total nitrogen(N)excreta *** acid concentrations ranged from 28.5 to 69.4 mg/g and proportions of uric acid-N to total excreta-N ranged from 27.4%to 42.6%in broiler chickens offered the 3×3 factorial array of dietary *** of uric acid-N to total N in excreta in birds offered the165 g/kg CP,maize-based diet were significantly lower by 10.6 percentage units(27.4%versus 38.0%;P=0.00057)than their wheat-based *** excreta analysed had been collected from 35 to37 d post-hatch when feed intakes and excreta outputs were *** were linear relationships between proportions of uric acid-N to total N in excreta in birds offered the three 165 g/kg CP diets with weight gain(r=-0.587;P=0.010),feed intake(r=-0.526;P=0.025)and feed conversion ratios(r=0.635;P=0.005).The possibility that increasing uric acid-N proportions in excreta is indicative of excessive ammonia accumulations compromising growth performance is *** mean proportion of dietary glycine involved in uric acid excretion was 49.2%across all dietary treatments but ranged from 25.0%to 80.9%.Thus,the appropriate amount of dietary glycine is variable and largely dependent on the volume of uric acid synthesised and excreted.

关键词： Ammonia Broiler chicken Glycine Reduced crude protein diet Uric acid

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维普期刊数据库

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Starch digestion rates in multiple samples of commonly used feed grains in diets for broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 450-459页

作者： Peter H.Selle Amy F.Moss Ali Khoddami Peter V.Chrystal Sonia Yun Liu poultry Research Foundation The University of SydneyCamdenNSW2570Australia Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia Sydney Institute of Agriculture Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia baiada poultry pty limited Pendle HillNSW2145Australia School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia

In this study the starch digestion rates in broiler chickens from 18 samples of 5 commonly used feed grains(sorghum,wheat,maize,barley,triticale)were *** methodology to determine starch digestion rates in poultry is detailed *** digestion rates were not significantly different(P-0.128)across the 18 feed grains,which reflects the wide variations that were observed within a given ***,starch digestion rates in broiler chickens offered wheat-based diets were significantly more rapid by 56.0%(0.117 versus 0.075 min-1;p=0.012)than their sorghum-based counterparts on the basis of a pair-wise *** descending order,the following starch diges-tion rates were observed:wheat(0.117 min-1),barley(0.104 min-1),triticale(0.093 min-1),maize(0.086 min-1),sorghum(0.075 min-1).The implications of these findings are discussed as they almost certainly have implications for poultry nutrition and the development of reduced crude protein diets for broiler chickens.

关键词： Broiler chicken Digestive dynamics Feed grain Starch

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COAL MINE GAS EMISSION ASSESSMENT FOR SEALED GOAF AREA OR ABANDONED MINE

COAL MINE GAS EMISSION ASSESSMENT FOR SEALED GOAF AREA OR AB...

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第三届国际甲烷与氧化亚氮减排技术大会

作者： Lunarzewski L.W. Lunagas pty limited Australia

Throughout Australia,no methodology exists for the estimating gas emission from sealed goaves or abandoned coal mines in relation to local mining,gas and geological *** paper presents the current information in relation to the existing gas emission decline curves,which are used as a standard model of sealed goaves and inactive mine gas emission prediction for specific local *** is commensurate with underground coal mine safety guidelines,including control of methane-air explosive mixtures and coal spontaneous combustion when a high percentage of oxygen is present,as well as with the Australian commitment to control and reduce greenhouse gases from all gas *** major application is where justification is needed to support the utilisation of the gas contained in these areas for commercial or environmental *** mine methane utilisation project capital is not likely to be available unless there is demonstrated confidence in the predicted gas availability over *** the work conducted to date,a strong correlation exists between gas predicted by existing modelling and that measured in practice at a number of *** from the gas utilisation aspect,mine operations benefit from predicting gas emissions and relating them to ventilation design to provide adequate *** outcome is a unique PC software,which provides longwall goaf gas emission decline curves and is applicable for both coal mine gas management projects and coal mine methane utilisation purposes.

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Commissioning of the Kwinana Hlsmelt Plant

Commissioning of the Kwinana Hlsmelt Plant

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2005中国钢铁年会

作者： Nell Goodman Adrian Muir Megan Johnston Hlsmelt Corporation pty. limited Kwinana Western Australia

The modern world is built on the strength and reliability of iron, mainly in the form of steel. We currently see an unprecedented demand for these products, primarily in Asia where countries such as China strive to meet significant growth in urbanisation and industry. To satisfy this demand these countries are rapidly increasing their steelmaking capacity within numerous environmental,technological and capital restraints. Hlsmelt Corporation, the provider of a revolutionary direct smelting technology, is in the ideal position to capitalise on this demand, with encouraging results from the commissioning of the Hlsmelt plant in Kwinana, Western Australia. The Hlsmelt process, through its flexibility in the use of raw materials and significant environmental benefits, provides enormous competitive advantages to the steelmaker.

关键词： direct smelting technology iron ore fines ironmaking, non-coking coal, smelt reduction

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Morphological features of continental shelf margin:Examples from the Pakistan Offshore

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2019年第1期10卷 77-91页

作者： Sarfraz Hussain Solangi Adeel Nazeer ShabeerAhmed Abbasi Mian Muhammad Zulkifil University of Sindh Adhi Asset Pakistan Petroleum Limited Exploration North Pakistan Petroleum Limited

This paper describes various morphological features of continental shelf and their present-day analogues both present in surface and subsurface data. Most of the examples are taken from Pakistan *** of subsurface features from wireline logs and seismic data is very significant for the application of facies identification in the field of petroleum geosciences, sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology, which is based on the analysis of various lithological characteristic of facies, as well as their geometrical distributions in the basin.

关键词： Continental shelf margin Shoreface to shelf Indus Offshore Pakistan

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