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SPINDLY, ERECTA, and Its Ligand STOMAGEN Have a Role in Redox-Mediated Cortex Proliferation in the Arabidopsis Root

Molecular Plant 2014年第12期7卷 1727-1739页

作者： Hongchang Cui Danyu Konga Pengcheng Wei Yueling Hao Keiko U. Torii Jin Suk Lee Jie Li Department of Biological science Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306-4295 USA Present address: Biotechnical Group Institute of Rice Research Anhui Agricultural Academy of Science 40# Nongke South RoadHefei Anhui 230031 China Howard Hughes Medical Institute Department of Biology University of Washington Seattle WA 98195-1800 USA

Reactive oxygen species （ROS） are harmful to all living organisms and therefore they must be removed to ensure normal growth and development. ROS are also signaling molecules, but so far little is known about the mecha- nisms of ROS perception and developmental response in plants. We here report that hydrogen peroxide induces cortex proliferation in the Arabidopsis root and that SPINDLY （SPY）, an O-linked glucosamine acetyltransferase, regulates cortex proliferation by maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. We also found that mutation in the leucine-rich receptor kinase ERECTA and its putative peptide ligand STOMAGEN block the effect of hydrogen peroxide on root cortex proliferation. However, ERECTA and STOMAGEN are expressed in the vascular tissue, whereas extra cortex cells are produced from the endodermis, suggesting the involvement of intercellular signaling~ SPY appears to act downstream of ERECTA, because the spy mutation still caused cortex proliferation in the erecta mutant background. We therefore have not only gained insight into the mechanism by which SPY regulates root development but also uncovered a novel pathway for ROS signal- ing in plants. The importance of redox-mediated cortex proliferation as a protective mechanism against oxidative stress is also discussed.

关键词： SPY ERECTA STOMAGEN redox homeostasis ROS signaling abiotic stress cortex proliferation Arabidopsisthaliana.

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Improvement of a highly sensitive and specific whole-cell biosensor by adding a positive feedback amplifier

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2023年第2期8卷 292-299页

作者： Shuting Hu Guangbao Zhang Xiaoqiang Jia Department of Biochemical Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072PR China Frontier science Center for Synthetic biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering(Ministry of Education) School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300350PR China Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical science and Engineering(Tianjin) Tianjin300072PR China

In this study,we designed a Cd^(2+)whole-cell biosensor with both positive and negative feedback cascade am-plifiers in Pseudomonas putida KT2440(LTCM)based on our previous design with only a negative feedback amplifier(TCM).The results showed that the newly developed biosensor LTCM was greatly improved compared to ***,the linear response range of LTCM was expanded while the maximum linear response range was raised from 0.05 to 0.1μ***,adding a positive feedback amplifier further increased the fluorescence output signal of LTCM 1.11–2.64 times under the same culture ***,the response time of LTCM for detection of practical samples was reduced from 6 to 4 *** the same time,LTCM still retained very high sensitivity and specificity,while its lowest detection limit was 0.1 nM Cd^(2+)and the specificity was 23.29(compared to 0.1 nM and 17.55 in TCM,respectively).In summary,the positive and negative feedback cascade amplifiers effectively improved the performance of the biosensor LTCM,resulting in a greater linear response range,higher output signal intensity,and shorter response time than TCM while retaining comparable sensitivity and specificity,indicating better potential for practical applications.

关键词： Cadmium detection Positive feedback amplifier Sensitivity Specificity Whole-cell biosensor

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Environmental Dynamics of Lake Victoria： Evidence from a 10,000 ^14C yr Diatom Record from Napoleon Gulf and Sango Bay

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Journal of Environmental science and Engineering(A) 2016年第12期5卷 626-637页

作者： Justine Nakintu Julius Bunny Lejju Department of biology Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara 1410 Uganda

Bio-proxies provide relevant information on ecosystem health and environmental dynamics. In this study, diatom assemblages of two cores collected from the Ugandan side of Lake Victoria at Napoleon Gulf （＂NAPGI＂（GPS, 00°25＇44.5＂ N, 033°14＇10.4＂ E）） and Sango Bay （＂SAGB2＂（GPS, 00°51＇48.0＂ S, 031°42＇47.8＂ E）） provide evidence of long term changes in the Lake Basin from ca 10,500 years to present. Diatom information was supported by phytolith data from the same cores. The period from ca 10,500-8,100 cal·yr·BP experienced moderate precipitation, strong turbulence with reduced forest cover in the lake＇s catchments. During the phase ca 8,100-6,600 cal＇yr＇BP, the lake basin experienced increased precipitation but with reduced mixing of the water column. This period was also characterized by increased forest vegetation cover as reflected by phytolith assemblages. The period from ca 5,900-1,400 cal·yr·BP was characterized by regular changes in precipitation, turbulence and vegetation taxa in the catchment areas. The phase from ca. 1,800 cal·yr·BP to present was characterized by significant increase in Fragilaria and Nitzschia species as well as increase in Nitzschia： Aulacoseira ratio which may be attributed to human involvement in the ecological functioning of Lake Victoria ecosystem.

关键词： Diatom Napoleon Gulf Sango Bay Lake Victoria.

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Split-root systems applied to the study of the legume-rhizobial symbiosis: What have we learned?

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2014年第12期56卷 1118-1124页

作者： Estíbaliz Larrainzar Erena Gil-Quintana Cesar Arrese-Igor Esther M.González Daniel Marino Department of Environmental sciences Public University of Navarra Pamplona E-31006 Spain Department of Plant biology and Ecology University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Bilbao E-48080 Spain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for Science Bilbao E-48011 Spain

Split-root system（SRS） approaches allow the differential treatment of separate and independent root systems, while sharing a common aerial part. As such, SRS is a useful tool for the discrimination of systemic（shoot origin）versus local（root/nodule origin） regulation mechanisms. This type of approach is particularly useful when studying the complex regulatory mechanisms governing the symbiosis established between legumes and Rhizobium bacteria. The current work provides an overview of the main insights gained from the application of SRS approaches to understand how nodule number（nodulation autoregulation） and nitrogen fixation are controlled both under non-stressful conditions and in response to a variety of stresses. Nodule number appears to be mainly controlled at the systemic level through a signal which is produced by nodule/root tissue, translocated to the shoot, and transmitted back to the root system, involving shoot Leu-rich repeat receptor-like kinases. In contrast, both local and systemic mechanisms have been shown to operate for the regulation of nitrogenase activity in nodules. Under drought and heavy metal stress, the regulation is mostly local,whereas the application of exogenous nitrogen seems to exert a regulation of nitrogen fixation both at the local and systemic levels.

关键词： legume-rhizobia nitrogen fixation nodulation split-root system symbiosis

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Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, Larvicidal and Anthelmintic Activities and Phenolic Contents of <i>Cyclamen alpinum</i>

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2018年第4期9卷 100-116页

作者： Murat Turan Ramazan Mammadov Department of biology Faculty of Art & Science Pamukkale University Denizli Turkey

In this study, antioxidant, cytotoxic, larvicidal, antimicrobial and anthelmintic effects and phenolic contents of ethanol, methanol and acetone extracts of leaf and tuber parts of Cyclamen alpinum were investigated. DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene assays were carried out in antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid contents were tested in determination assay. 9 phenolic contents were determined by HPLC. Artemia salina was used in the cytotoxic effect. Larvicidal effect was investigated against Culex pipiens. Disc diffusion method was used in antimicrobial effect. The tuber part was found to be more toxic than the leaf part in the anthelmintic activity assay. The highest value obtained from the antioxidant activity experiment was observed with value of 86.73 ± 0.16 (%) in DPPH assay. The lowest LC50 value in larvicidal effect was determined 0.151 mg/mL after 72 hours. Consequently, there is need for further studies on the Cyclamen alpinum, which has the ability to fight against diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc.

关键词： Antioxidant Activity Antimicrobial Activity Cytotoxic Activity Larvicidal Activity Cyclamen alpinum

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The Influence of Organic and Conventional Food on Human Health

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Food and Nutrition sciences 2021年第12期12卷 1299-1305页

作者： Manal Raden Al Mutiri Noorah Saleh Al-Sowayan Department of biology College of Science Qassim University Buraydah Saudi Arabia

Organic food offers immense benefits to consumers as it contains a higher content of nutrients and antioxidants. The benefits of organic food over conventional products have been demonstrated by in-vitro experiments, whereby statistical analysis has shown that both types of food can have equivalent benefits. One of the important disadvantages of conventional food is that it contains heavy metals and also does not contribute toward prevention of cancer in consumers. It is not clear yet if consuming organic food combats obesity;we have attempted to gather some literature to clarify this aspect as well.

关键词： Organic Food Consumer Benefits Cancer Prevention

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Efficient Mimics for Elucidating Zaxinone biology and Promoting Agricultural Applications

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Molecular Plant 2020年第11期13卷 1654-1661页

作者： Jian You Wang Muhammad Jamil Pei-Yu Lin Tsuyoshi Ota Valentina Fiorilli Mara Novero Randa A.Zarban Boubacar AKountche Ikuo Takahashi Claudio Martinez Luisa Lanfranco Paola Bonfante Angel R.de Lera Tadao Asami Salim Al-Babili King Abdullah University of science and Technology Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineeringthe BioActives LabThuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia Graduate School of Agricultural and Life sciences The University of TokyoTokyoJapan Department of Life sciences and Systems biology University of TorinoTorinoItaly Universidade de Vigo Facultade de Quimica and CINBIOVigoSpain

Zaxinone is an apocarotenoid regulatory metabolite required for normal rice growth and *** addition,zaxinone has a large application potential in agriculture,due to its growth-promoting activity and capability to alleviate infestation by the root parasitic plant Striga through decreasing strigolactone(SL)***,zaxinone is poorly accessible to the scientific community because of its laborious organic synthesis that impedes its further investigation and *** this study,we developed easy-to-synthesize and highly efficient mimics of zaxinone(MiZax).We performed a structure-activity relationship study using a series of apocarotenoids distinguished from zaxinone by different structural *** the obtained results,we designed several phenyl-based compounds synthesized with a high-yield through a simple *** tests showed that MiZax3 and MiZax5 exert zaxinone activity in rescuing root growth of a zaxinone-deficient rice mutant,promoting growth,and reducing SL content in roots and root exudates of wild-type ***,these compounds were at least as efficient as zaxinone in suppressing transcript level of SL biosynthesis genes and in alleviating Striga infestation under greenhouse conditions,and did not negatively impact *** together,MiZax are a promising tool for elucidating zaxinone biology and investigating rice development,and suitable candidates for combating Striga and increasing crop growth.

关键词： apocarotenoids zaxinone zaxinone mimics strigolactone Striga root parasitic plants

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Hydrogen sulfide promotes flowering in heading Chinese cabbage by S-sulfhydration of BraFLCs

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 452-462页

作者： Xiaoli Ma Liping Zhang Zhuoya Pei Linlin Zhang Zhiqiang Liu Danmei Liu Xuefeng Hao Zhuping Jin Yanxi Pei School of Life science and Shanxi Key Lab oratory for Research and Development of Regional Plants Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanShanxi Province 030006China Department of Biological science and Technology Jinzhong UniversityJinzhongShanxi Province 030619China Department of biology Taiyuan Normal UniversityJinzhongShanxi Province 030619China

Heading Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa *** *** Makino ***(Rupr.)*** et ***)is a cruciferous Brassica vegetable that has a triplicate genome,owing to an ancient genome duplication *** is unclear whether the duplicated homologs have conserved or diversi fied *** sulfide(H_(2)S)is a plant gasotransmitter that plays important physiological roles in growth,development,and responses to environmental *** modification of cysteines through S-sulfhydration is an important mechanism of H_(2)S,which regulates protein functions.H?S promotes flowering in Arabidopsis and heading Chinese *** we investigated the molecular mechanisms of H_(2)S used to promote flowering in the ***,five,and four BraFLC,BraSOC I,and BraFT homologs were identi fi ed in heading Chinese *** BraFLC proteins were bound to different CArG boxes in the promoter regions of the BraSOC I and BraFT homologs,producing different binding ***,there may be functionally diverse BraFLC homologs in heading Chinese *** H_(2)S at 100μmol L^(-1) significantly promoted flowering by compensating for insuf fi cient *** 1 and BraFLC_(3) underwent S-sulfhydration by H_(2)S,after which their abilities to bind most BraSOC I or BraFT promoter probes weakened or even *** changes in binding ability were consistent with the expression pattern of the BraFT and BraSOC I homologs in seedlings treated with H_(2)*** results indicated that H_(2)S signaling regulates flowering *** summary,H_(2)S signaling promoted plant flowering by weakening or eliminating the binding abilities of BraFLCs to downstream promoters through S-sulfhydration.

关键词： hydration heading flowering

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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of chalcone analogues with novel dual antioxidant mechanisms as potential anti-ischemic stroke agents

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第2期9卷 335-350页

作者： Jiabing Wang Lili Huang Chanchan Cheng Ge Li Jingwen Xie Mengya Shen Qian Chen Wulan Li Wenfei He Peihong Qiu Jianzhang Wu Chemical biology Research Center School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Wenzhou Medical University Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Taizhou University Ningbo Medical Centre Li Huili Hospital College of Information science and Computer Engineering Wenzhou Medical University

Scavenging reactive oxygen species(ROS) by antioxidants is the important therapy to cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI) in stroke. The antioxidant with novel dual-antioxidant mechanism of directly scavenging ROS and indirectly through antioxidant pathway activation may be a promising CIRI therapeutic strategy. In our study, a series of chalcone analogues were designed and synthesized, and multiple potential chalcone analogues with dual antioxidant mechanisms were screened. Among these compounds, the most active 33 not only conferred cytoprotection of H2 O2-induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells through scavenging free radicals directly and activating NRF2/ARE antioxidant pathway at the same time, but also played an important role against ischemia/reperfusion-related brain injury in animals. More importantly, in comparison with mono-antioxidant mechanism compounds, 33 exhibited higher cytoprotective and neuroprotective potential in vitro and in vivo. Overall, our findings showed compound 33 couldemerge as a promising anti-ischemic stroke drug candidate and provided novel dual-antioxidant mechanism strategies and concepts for oxidative stress-related diseases treatment.

关键词： Reactive oxygen species Cerebral ischemiareperfusion injury Stroke Dual-antioxidant mechanism Chalcones Antioxidants Oxidative stress NRF2/ARE

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Over-Expression of Tomato GDP-Mannose Pyrophosphorylase (GMPase) in Potato Increases Ascorbate Content and Delays Plant Senescence

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Agricultural sciences in China 2011年第4期10卷 534-543页

作者： LIN Ling-ling SHI Qing-hua WANG Hua-sen QIN Ai-guo YU Xian-chang Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 t~R. China College of Horticultural science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University~State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Tai ＇an271018 P.R. China College of Agriculture and Food science Zhejiang Forestry University Lin ＇an 311300 P.R. China

GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase （GMPase） catalyses the synthesis of GDP-D-mannose and represents the first committed step in the synthesis of ascorbate. In the present study, the GMPase gene of tomato was introduced into potato by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Two transgenic lines with higher GMPase expression were selected using qPCR and protein blot analyses. The results showed that the content of L-ascorbic acid （AsA） and the ratio of AsA/ DHA （dehydroascorbate） significantly increased in both leaves and tubers of transgenic potato plants. Both pigment content and photosynthetic rate were much higher in transgenic plants than in wild-type plants. Transgenic plants showed a distinguishable change in phenotype from the wild-type plants. Furthermore, transgenic plants showed delayed senescence.

关键词： potato GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase ascorbate senescence

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