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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 28-30页

作者： Meichun Guo Yannian Gou Xiangyu Dong Jiamin Zhong Aohua Li Ailing Hao Tongchuan He Jiaming Fan Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of diagnostic Medicine and the School of Laboratory Diagnostic MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA

Syrosingopine is an anti-hypertensive drug and can cause high intracellular lactate levels and end-product inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase by inhibiting the lactate transporters MCT1 and *** studies have shown that syrosingopine plays an essential role in the process of glycolytic blockade,ATP depletion,and cell death in cancer due to high intracellular levels of lactate.

关键词： hypertensive MCT1 drug

Stool DNA methylation assays in colorectal cancer screening

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第35期21卷 10057-10061页

作者： Tanya Kadiyska Alexander Nossikoff Genetic Medico-diagnostic Laboratory Genica Department of medical Chemistry and Bio-chemistry Sofia Medical University University Hospital Lozenets

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is fourth most common cancer in men and third in women worldwide. Developing a diagnostic panel of sensitive and specific biomarkers for the early detection of CRC is recognised as to be crucial for early initial diagnosis, which in turn leads to better long term survival. Most of the research on novel potential CRC biomarkers in the last 2 decades has been focussed on stool DNA analysis. In this paper, we describe the recent advances in non-invasive CRC screening and more specifically in molecular assays for aberrantly methylated BMP3 and NDRG4 promoter regions. In several research papers these markers showed superior rates for sensitivity and specificity in comparison to previously described assays. These tests detected the majority of adenomas ≥ 1 cm in size and the detection rates progressively increased with larger adenomas. The methylation status of the BMP3 and NDRG4 promoters demonstrated effective detection of neoplasms at all sites throughout the colon and was not affected by common clinical variables. Recently, a multitarget stool DNA test consisting of molecular assays for aberrantly methylated BMP3 and NDRG4 promoter regions, mutant KRAS and immunochemical assay for human haemoglobin has been made commercially available and is currently reimbursed in the United States. Although this is the most sensitive noninvasive CRC screening test, there is the need for further research in several areas- establishment of the best timeframe for repeated DNA stool testing; validation of the results in populations outside of North America; usefulness for surveillance and prognosis of patients; cost-effectiveness of DNA stool testing in real-life populations.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Screening programs BMP3,NDRG4 Pr

The added clinical value of performing CT colonography in patients with obstructing colorectal carcinoma

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Gastroenterology Report 2018年第3期6卷 210-214,I0002页

作者： Tom Offermans F.Jeroen Vogelaar Michel Aquarius Maryska L.G.Janssen-Heijnen Petra C.G.Simons Department of Radiology VieCuri Medical CentreVenloThe Netherlands Department of Surgery VieCuri Medical CentreVenloThe Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology VieCuri Medical CentreVenloThe Netherlands Department of Clinical Epidemiology VieCuri Medical CentreVenloThe Netherlands Department of Epidemiology Maastricht University Medical CentreGROW School for Oncology and Developmental BiologyMaastrichtThe Netherlands

Background:A small percentage of incomplete optical colonoscopies(OCs)are the result of an obstructing *** to current guidelines,CT colonography(CTC)is performed to prevent missing a synchronous *** aim of this study was to evaluate how frequently a synchronous tumor was found on CTC and how often this led to a change in the surgical ***:In this retrospective study,a total of 267 patients underwent CTC after an incomplete OC as a result of an obstructing colorectal carcinoma(CRC).Among them,210 patients undergoing surgery met the inclusion criteria and were included in the *** OC report,CTC report and surgical report of these patients were retrospectively evaluated for the presence of synchronous tumors using surgery and post-operative colonoscopy as the gold ***:Six of the 210 patients(2.9%)showed signs of a synchronous CRC proximal to the obstructing tumor on *** three of these patients,a synchronous CRC was confirmed during *** these tumors caused a change in the surgical *** out of the six tumors found on CTC were found to be large,non-malignant *** these polyps were located in the same segment as the obstructing tumor and therefore did not alter the surgical ***:In patients with obstructing CRC,the frequency of synchronous CRCs proximal to this lesion is *** a CTC leads to a change in surgical plan based on the presence of these synchronous tumors in 1.4%of the *** should be employed as a one-stop shop in patients with an obstructing CRC.

关键词： CT colonography optical colonoscopy colorectal carcinoma synchronous tumor pre-operative evaluation

Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(medical Sciences) 2004年第2期24卷 192-195页

作者：谢明星卢晓芳王新房吕清杨亚利 Department of diagnostic Ultrasound Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology

To investigate the value of echocardiography in the diagnosis of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection ( TAPVC ), 16 patients in our hospital were diagnosed to have TAPVC by echocardiography from year 1994 to 2001. In 11 cases the results of echocardiography were compared to those of surgery. Each patient was examined by using a combination of precordial, suprasternal and subcostal windows to visualize all the pulmonary veins and their drainage sites, common pulmonary venous trunk, and other associated abnormalities. Of the 16 cases, the drainage sites were as follow: supracardiac in 10, via vertical vein in 9, directly to superior vena cava in 1; cardiac in 5, via coronary sinus in 2, directly to right atrium in 3. Diagnoses were correctly made in all the 11 cases as confirmed by surgery. Echocardiography can also assess pulmonary arterial pressure and detect other associated abnormalities. It is concluded that echocardiography is the preferred examination method in the diagnosis of TAPVC before surgery. With careful examination using multiple windows and sections, TAPVC can be accurately diagnosed by echocardiography.

关键词： echocardiography total anomalous pulmonary venous connection

Review of deep learning and artificial intelligence models in fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第16期11卷 3725-3735页

作者： Farzan Vahedifard Jubril O Adepoju Mark Supanich Hua Asher Ai Xuchu Liu Mehmet Kocak Kranthi K Marathu Sharon E Byrd Department of diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Rush Medical CollegeChicagoIL 606012United States Division for diagnostic medical Physics Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineRush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 606012United States

Central nervous system abnormalities in fetuses are fairly common,happening in 0.1%to 0.2%of live births and in 3%to 6%of *** initial detection and categorization of fetal Brain abnormalities are *** detecting and segmenting fetal brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)could be timeconsuming,and susceptible to interpreter *** intelligence(AI)algorithms and machine learning approaches have a high potential for assisting in the early detection of these problems,improving the diagnosis process and follow-up *** use of AI and machine learning techniques in fetal brain MRI was the subject of this narrative review *** AI,anatomic fetal brain MRI processing has investigated models to predict specific landmarks and segmentation *** gestation age weeks(17-38 wk)and different AI models(mainly Convolutional Neural Network and U-Net)have been *** models'accuracy achieved 95%and *** could help preprocess and postprocess fetal images and reconstruct ***,AI can be used for gestational age prediction(with one-week accuracy),fetal brain extraction,fetal brain segmentation,and placenta *** fetal brain linear measurements,such as Cerebral and Bone Biparietal Diameter,have been *** of brain pathology was studied using diagonal quadratic discriminates analysis,Knearest neighbor,random forest,naive Bayes,and radial basis function neural network *** learning methods will become more powerful as more large-scale,labeled datasets become *** shared fetal brain MRI datasets is crucial because there aren not many fetal brain pictures ***,physicians should be aware of AI's function in fetal brain MRI,particularly neuroradiologists,general radiologists,and perinatologists.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Fetal brain Magnetic resonance imaging Neuroimaging

New therapeutic opportunities for Hepatitis C based on small RNA

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第33期13卷 4431-4436页

作者： Qiu-wei Pan Scot D Henry Bob J Scholte Hugo W Tilanus Harry LA Janssen Luc JW van der Laan Departments of Gastroenterology & Hepatology and Surgery Erasmus MC-University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands Department of Surgery Erasmus MC-University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands Department of Cell Biology Erasmus MC- University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Erasmus MC-University Medical Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands

Hepatitis C virus （HCV） infection is one of the major causes of chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis and liver cancer and is therefore, the most common indication for liver transplantation. Conventional antiviral drugs such as pegylated interferon-alpha, taken in combination with ribavirin, represent a milestone in the therapy of this disease. However, due to different viral and host factors, clinical success can be achieved only in approximately half of patients, making urgent the requirement of exploiting alternative approaches for HCV therapy. Fortunately, recent advances in the understanding of HCV viral replication and host cell interactions have opened new possibilities for therapeutic intervention. The most recent technologies, such as small interference RNA mediated gene-silencing, antisense oligonucleotides （ASO）, or viral vector based gene delivery systems, have paved the way to develop novel therapeutic modalities for HCV. In this review, we outline the application of these technologies in the context of HCV therapy. In particular, we will focus on the newly defined role of cellular microRNA （miR-222） in viral replication and discuss its potential for HCV molecular therapy.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus therapy miR-122 RNAi Antisense oligonucleotides Viral vectors

Management of acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding:Current policies and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第11期18卷 1202-1207页

作者： Ingrid Lisanne Holster Ernst Johan Kuipers Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus MC University Medical Centre Departments of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Internal MedicineErasmus MC University Medical Centre

Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB) is a gastroenterological emergency with a mortality of 6%-13%.The vast majority of these bleeds are due to peptic *** anti-inflammatory drugs and Helicobacter pylori are the main risk factors for peptic ulcer *** has become the mainstay for diagnosis and treatment of acute UGIB,and is recommended within 24 h of *** pump inhibitor(PPI) administration before endoscopy can downstage the bleeding lesion and reduce the need for endoscopic therapy,but has no effect on rebleeding,mortality and need for *** therapy should be undertaken for ulcers with high-risk stigmata,to reduce the risk of *** can be done with a variety of ***-dose PPI administration after endoscopy can prevent rebleeding and reduce the need for further intervention and mortality,particularly in patients with high-risk stigmata.

关键词： Disease management Upper gastrointesti-nal bleeding Nonvariceal bleeding Peptic ulcer bleed-ing Gastrointestinal endoscopy Pharmacotherapy Endoscopic therapy

Indications for 5-aminosalicylate in inflammatory bowel disease:Is the body of evidence complete?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第38期12卷 6115-6123页

作者： Ad A van Bodegraven Chris JJ Mulder Section of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases VU University medical centre Amsterdam The Netherlands Department of Gastroenterology VU University medical centre Amsterdam The Netherlands

Mesalazine is a safe drug, although adverse events may be seen in a minority of patients. This applies also to pregnant women and children. The role of mesalazine in combination therapy to improve efficacy and con- comitant drug pharmacokinetics, or in chemoprevention against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related co- lonic carcinoma has not yet been completely elucidated. Therapeutic success of mesalazine may be optimized by a combination of high dose and low frequency of dos- age to improve compliance. Therefore, due to its supe- rior safety profile and pharmacokinetic characteristics, mesalazine is preferable to sulphasalazine. This paper reviews the literature concerning mechanisms of action, indications and off-label use, pharmacokinetic properties and formulations, therapeutic efficacy, compliance, pae- diatric indications, chemoprevention, and safety issues and adverse event profile of mesalazine treatment versus sulphasalazine. It also highlights these controversies in order to clarify the potential benefits of mesalazines in IBD therapy and evidence for its use.

关键词： Mesalazine Sulphasalazine Review Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Treatment Chemoprevention Pregnancy Adverse events

Profiling neuroprotective potential of trehalose in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases:a systematic review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1179-1185页

作者： Kah Hui Yap Shahrul azmin Suzana Makpol Hanafi Ahmad Damanhuri Muzaimi Mustapha Jemaima Che Hamzah Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim Department of Medicine UKM Medical CentreKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Biochemistry UKM Medical CentreKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Neurosciences School of Medical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaKelantanMalaysia Department of Ophthalmology UKM Medical CentreKuala LumpurMalaysia

Trehalose,a unique nonreducing crystalline disaccharide,is a potential disease-modifying treatment for neurodegenerative diseases associated with protein misfolding and aggregation due to aging,intrinsic mutations,or autophagy *** systematic review summarizes the effects of trehalose on its underlying mechanisms in animal models of selected neurodegenerative disorders(tau pathology,synucleinopathy,polyglutamine tract,and motor neuron diseases).All animal studies on neurodegenerative diseases treated with trehalose published in Medline(accessed via EBSCOhost)and Scopus were *** the 2259 studies screened,29 met the eligibility *** to the SYstematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experiment(SYRCLE)risk of bias tool,we reported 22 out of 29 studies with a high risk of *** present findings support the purported role of trehalose in autophagic flux and protein *** review identified several other lesser-known pathways,including modifying amyloid precursor protein processing,inhibition of reactive gliosis,the integrity of the blood-brain barrier,activation of growth factors,upregulation of the downstream antioxidant signaling pathway,and protection against mitochondrial *** absence of adverse events and improvements in the outcome parameters were observed in some studies,which supports the transition to human clinical *** is possible to conclude that trehalose exerts its neuroprotective effects through both direct and indirect ***,heterogeneous methodologies and outcome measures across the studies rendered it impossible to derive a definitive *** studies on trehalose would need to clarify three important questions:1)bioavailability with oral administration,2)optimal time window to confer neuroprotective benefits,and 3)optimal dosage to confer neuroprotection.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis autophagy neurodegenerative disease neuroinflammation polyglutamine tract protein refolding spinocerebellar ataxia synucleinopathy tau pathology trehalose

Expression of CD44s mRNA in Gastric Carcinoma

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2007年第2期19卷 146-149页

作者：薄爱华王学礼郭永浩李海峰张晓丽梁萍 Hebei North University medical Information centre

Objective： To study the expression of CD44s mRNA in the occurrence, development and invasion of gastric carcinoma （GC）. Methods： The expressions of CD44s mRNA in 66 cases of GC, 25 cases of superficial gastritis and 25 cases of atypical hyperplasia were examined by in situ hybridization （ISH）. Results： There was no expression of CD44s mRNA in the group of superficial gastritis; the positive rate was 20%（5/25） in the group of atypical hyperplasia and 62.12%（41/66） in the group of gastric carcinoma. The positive rate in poor differentiation group was significantly higher than that in well differentiation group （P〈0.05）, and the positive rate of lymph node metastasis group was significantly higher than that in negative lymph node metastasis group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The expression of CD44s mRNA was related to cell differentiation degree and lymph node metastasis, the activation of CD44s gene was related to strong invasion of cancer cells and poor prognosis.

关键词： Gastric carcinoma CD44smRNA in situ hybridization (ISH)