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Surface that perceives depth:3D imaging with metasurfaces

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Advanced photonics 2019年第3期1卷 1-2页

作者： Lei Xu Mohsen Rahmani University of New South Wales School of Engineering and Information TechnologyCanberraAustralia The australian National University Research School of Physics and EngineeringNonlinear Physics CentreCanberraAustralia

When Galileo Galilei(1564-1642)was building his super bulky lenses for telescopes,he could not imagine that 400 years later,metasurfaces,which are hundred times thinner than a human hair,1–3 could reproduce the function of his ***,for a few centuries,conventional bulky optics,such as lenses,prisms,mirrors,etc.,have been the only tools for shaping the wave-front of light via engineering the optical path of light beams through media of given refractive *** advances in nanofabrication,characterization,and computational optics techniques have enabled the development of ultrathin metasurfaces,composed of a single layer or few-layer stacks of periodic subwavelength nanostructures,that can reproduce the functions of bulk optics with better performance,4–6 and occasionally offer new functionalities that are not possible with conventional diffractive optics.

关键词： optics surfaces refractive

Impact of Australia’s catastrophic 2019/20 bushfire season on communities and *** analysis and current trends

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2020年第1期1卷 44-56页

作者： Alexander I.Filkov Tuan Ngo Stuart Matthews Simeon Telfer Trent D.Penman School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Melbourne4 Water stCreswickVictoria 3363Australia Bushfire and Natural Hazards cooperative research centre MelbourneVictoria 3002Australia Department of Infrastructure Engineering Melbourne School of EngineeringUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia NSW Rural Fire Service Sydney Olympic ParkNSW 2127Australia Department of Environment and Water AdelaideSA 5000Australia

2019/20 Australia’s bushfire season(Black Summer fires)occurred during a period of record breaking tempera-tures and extremely low *** understand the impact of these climatic values we conducted a preliminary analysis of the 2019/20 bushfire season and compared it with the fire seasons between March 2000 and March 2020 in the states of New South Wales(NSW),Victoria,and South Australia(SA).Forest and fire management in Australia were asked to provide data on the number of fires,burned area,life and house loss,as well as weather *** March 2020 Black Summer fires burnt almost 19 million hectares,destroyed over 3,000 houses,and killed 33 *** showed that they were unprecedented in terms of impact on all areas.A number of mega-fires occurred in NSW resulting in more burned area than in any fire season during the last 20 *** of them was the largest recorded forest fire in australian *** had a season with the highest number of fires,area burned,and second highest numbers of houses lost for the same *** had the highest number of houses lost in the last 20 *** Summer fires confirmed existing trends of impact categories during the last two decades for NSW and *** showed that the smoke from the bushfires may be a significant concern in the future for the global community,as it travels to other countries and *** on preliminary data,it will take many years to restore the economy and infrastructure in impacted areas,and to recover animal and vegetation biodiversity.

关键词： 2019/20 season Bushfires Impact Retrospective analysis

Highly sensitive torsion sensor based on triangular-prism-shaped long-period fiber gratings

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Chinese Optics Letters 2021年第4期19卷 28-31页

作者： Senyu Wang Yiwei Ma Xiaoyang Li Yang Yi Cuiting Sun Jingyu Lin Chengguo Tong Yuxiang Li Tao Geng Weimin Sun Libo Yuan College of Science Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China photonics research Center Guilin University of Electronics TechnologyGuilin 541004China

We propose and investigate a compact optical fiber sensor that aims to measure the torsion in both amount and direction with high *** sensor is configured by a triangular-prism-shaped long-period fiber grating,which is fabricated by the high frequency CO_(2) laser polished *** unique design of the triangular-shaped structure breaks the rotational symmetry of the optical fiber and provides high sensitivity for torsion *** preliminary experiments,the torsion response of the sensor achieves a good stability and *** torsion sensitivity is 0.54 nm/(rad/m),which renders the proposed structure a highly sensitive torsion sensor.

关键词： long-period fiber grating torsion sensor CO_(2)laser etched method

High tolerance detour-phase graphene-oxide flat lens

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photonics research 2021年第12期9卷 2454-2463页

作者： SHIBIAO WEI GUIYUAN CAO HAN LIN HAORAN MU WENBO LIU XIAOCONG YUAN MICHAEL SOMEKH BAOHUA JIA Nanophotonics research Center Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information TechnologyShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China centre for Translational Atomaterials Faculty of EngineeringScience and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVIC 3122Australia The australian research Council(ARC)Industrial Transformation Training centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials(SEAM) Swinburne University of TechnologyHawthornVIC 3122Australia

Flat lenses thinner than a wavelength promise to replace conventional refractive lenses in miniaturized optical ***,Fresnel zone plate flat lens designs require dense annuli,which significantly challenges nanofabrication ***,we propose a new implementation of detour phase graphene flat lens with flexible annular number and *** graphene metalenses demonstrated that with a flexible selection of the line density and width,the metalenses can achieve the same focal length without significant *** will significantly weaken the requirement of the nanofabrication system which is important for the development of large-scale flat lenses in industry applications.

关键词： phase replace annular

Metasurface doublet-integrated bidirectional grating antenna enabling enhanced wavelength-tuned beam steering

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photonics research 2022年第1期10卷 248-255页

作者： WOO-BIN LEE CHUL-SOON IM CHANGYI ZHOU BISHAL BHANDARI DUK-YONG CHOI SANG-SHIN LEE Department of Electronic Engineering Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897Republic of Korea Nano Device Application Center Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897Republic of Korea Laser Physics centre Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia

We propose and demonstrate an optical phased-array-based bidirectional grating antenna(BDGA) in silicon nitride *** BDGA is integrated with a miniaturized all-dielectric metasurface doublet(MD) formed on a glass *** BDGA device,which takes advantage of alternately feeding light to its ports in opposite directions,is presumed to effectively provide a doubled wavelength-tuned steering efficiency compared to its unidirectional *** MD,which is based on vertically cascaded convex and concave metalenses comprising circular hydrogenated amorphous silicon nanopillars,is meticulously placed atop the BDGA chip to accept and deflect a beam emanating from the emission area,thereby boosting the beam-steering *** manufactured BDGA could achieve an enhanced beam-steering efficiency of 0.148 deg/nm as well as a stable spectral emission response in the wavelength range of 1530–1600 *** deploying a fabricated MD atop the silicon photonic BDGA chip,the steering efficiency was confirmed to be boosted by a factor of ~3.1,reaching 0.461 deg/nm,as intended.

关键词： beam thereby directions

Development of innovative tools for investigation of nutrient-gut interaction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第25期26卷 3562-3576页

作者： Wei-Kun Huang Cong Xie Richard L Young Jiang-Bo Zhao Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem Karen L Jones Christopher K Rayner Tong-Zhi Wu Adelaide Medical School Centre of Research Excellence in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Healththe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Institute for photonics and Advanced Sensing School of Physical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia The ARC centre of Excellence for Nanoscale Biophotonics AdelaideSA 5005Australia Diabetes Nutrition and Gut HealthLifelong HealthSouth Australia Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideSA 5005Australia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideSA 5000Australia Department of Endocrinology Zhongda HospitalInstitute of DiabetesSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009Jiangsu ProvinceChina

The gastrointestinal tract is the key interface between the ingesta and the human *** is wide recognition that the gastrointestinal response to nutrients or bioactive compounds,particularly the secretion of numerous hormones,is critical to the regulation of appetite,body weight and blood *** concept has led to an increasing focus on“gut-based”strategies for the management of metabolic disorders,including type 2 diabetes and *** the underlying mechanisms and downstream effects of nutrient-gut interactions is fundamental to effective translation of this knowledge to clinical *** this end,an array of research tools and platforms have been developed to better understand the mechanisms of gut hormone secretion from enteroendocrine *** review discusses the evolution of in vitro and in vivo models and the integration of innovative techniques that will ultimately enable the development of novel therapies for metabolic diseases.

关键词： Nutrient-gut interaction Metabolic disorders Incretin hormones Enteroendocrine cells Enteroids Intestinal intubation Intestine-on-a-chip

Extreme events as ecosystems drivers： Ecological consequences of anomalous Southern Hemisphere weather patterns during the 2001/2002 austral spring-summer

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Advances in Polar Science 2018年第3期29卷 190-204页

作者： Dana M. BERGSTROM Eric J. WOEHLER Andrew R. KLEKOCIUK Michael J. POOK Robert A. MASSOM australian Antarctic Division Department of the Environment and Energy 203 Channel Highway Kingston Tasmania 7050 Australia School of Zoology Private Bag 55 University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems cooperative research centre Private Bag 80 University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australia

The frequency and severity of extreme events associated with global change are both forecast to increase with a concomitant increase expected in perturbations and disruptions of fundamental processes at ecosystem, community and population scales, with potentially catastrophic consequences. Extreme events should thus be viewed as ecosystem drivers, rather than as short term deviations from a perceived ＇norm＇. To illustrate this, we examined the impacts associated with the extraordinary weather pattern of the austral spring/summer of 2001/2002, and find that patterns of ocean-atmosphere interactions appear linked to a suite of extreme events in Antarctica and more widely across the Southern Hemisphere. In the Antarctic, the extreme events appear related to particular ecological impacts, including the substantial reduction in breeding success of Ade1ie penguins at sites in the Antarctic Peninsula as well as for Adelie penguin and snow petrel colonies in East Antarctica, and the creation of new benthic habitats associated with the disintegration of the Larsen B Ice Shelf. Other major impacts occurred in marine and terrestrial ecosystems at temperate and tropical latitudes. The suite of impacts demonstrates that ecological consequences of extreme events are manifested at fundamental levels in ecosystem processes and produce long-term, persistent effects relative to the short-term durations of the events. Changes in the rates of primary productivity, species mortality, community structure and inter-specific interactions, and changes in trophodynamics were observed as a consequence of the conditions during the 2001/2002 summer. Lasting potential consequences include reaching or exceeding tipping points, trophic cascades and regime shifts.

关键词： Antarctica atmospheric pressure anomalies ecosystem processes and drivers tipping points trophiccascades regime shifts

Spin-decoupled metalens with intensity-tunable multiple focal points

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photonics research 2021年第6期9卷 1019-1032页

作者： BINGSHUANG YAO XIAOFEI ZANG YANG ZHU DAHAI YU JINGYA XIE LIN CHEN SEN HAN YIMING ZHU SONGLIN ZHUANG Terahertz Technology Innovation research Institute Terahertz Spectrum and Imaging Technology Cooperative Innovation CenterShanghai Key Laboratory of Modern Optical SystemUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Focused photonics(Hangzhou)Inc Hangzhou 310052China Suzhou H&L Instruments LLC Suzhou 215123China

The control of spin electromagnetic(EM)waves is of great significance in optical *** geometric metasurfaces have shown unprecedented capability to manipulate the wavefronts of spin EM waves,it is still challenging to independently manipulate each spin state and intensity distribution,which inevitably degrades metasurface-based devices for further *** we propose and experimentally demonstrate an approach to designing spin-decoupled metalenses based on pure geometric phase,i.e.,geometric metasurfaces with predesigned phase modulation possessing functionalities of both convex lenses and concave *** the illumination of left-/right-handed circularly polarized(LCP or RCP)terahertz(THz)waves,these metalenses can generate transversely/longitudinally distributed RCP/LCP multiple focal *** the helicity-dependent multiple focal points are locked to the polarization state of incident THz waves,the relative intensity between two orthogonal components can be controlled with different weights of LCP and RCP THz waves,leading to the intensity-tunable *** robust approach for simultaneously manipulating orthogonal spin states and energy distributions of spin EM waves will open a new avenue for designing multifunctional devices and integrated communication systems.

关键词： intensity designing illumination

Forecasting tropical cyclone tornadoes and impacts:Report from IWTC-X

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Tropical Cyclone research and Review 2023年第2期12卷 123-135页

作者： Dereka Carroll-Smith Benjamin W.Green Roger Edwards Lanqiang Bai A.J.Litta Xianxiang Huang Lauren Pattie Scott Overpeck Eugene W.McCaul Jr University of Maryland College ParkMDUSA Jackson State University JacksonUSA cooperative Institute for research in Environmental Sciences University of ColoradoBoulderUSA NOAA Global Systems Laboratory BoulderUSA NOAA/NWS/Storm Prediction Center NormanUSA Foshan Tornado research Center China Meteorological Administration Tornado Key LaboratoryGuangzhouChina Weathernews Inc. ChibaJapan Environmental Prediction Services Australian Bureau of MeteorologyBrisbaneAustralia NOAA/NWS/Weather Forecast Office AlbuquerqueUSA Science and Technology Institute Universities Space Research AssociationHuntsvilleUSA

This report synthesizes global tropical cyclone(TC)tornado research and operational practices to *** are one of the secondary(and lesser researched)hazards contributing to the devastation TCs leave in their *** gale-force winds and storm surge produce the majority of damage and fatalities globally,TC tornadoes also pose a fatal threat,complicating evacuation plans and protective actions as the storm moves *** studies characterize TC-spawned tornadoes as usually weak and short-lived,primarily originating from miniature supercells in the outer *** tornadic features pose challenges to forecasting and radar ***,TC tornadoes can pose a threat to communities 12 h prior to and beyond 48 h after a TC makes ***,both basic and operational,has increased globally over the last few years in efforts to move from a climatological to ingredientsbased approach to detect and forecast TC *** the United States has led the charge,given the increased exposure to tornadoes year round,other nations such as China,Japan,and Australia have increased their efforts to record and detect TC *** these advancements,more work needs to be done globally to understand the TC environment conducive for tornadic *** for future forecasting and research for TC tornadoes include i)develop a comprehensive global tornado database to improve research and forecasting efforts;ii)apply innovative technology to detect tornadoes;and iii)conduct field campaigns to thoroughly sample TC tornado environments,particularly along coastlines.

关键词： Tropical cyclone Tornado Typhoon Forecasting