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Improve meat production and virus resistance by simultaneously editing multiple genes in livestock using Cas12i^(Max)

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science China(Life sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 555-564页

作者： Jilong Ren Tang Hai Yangcan Chen Ke Sun Zhiqiang Han Jing Wang Chongyang Li Qingwei Wang Leyun Wang Huabing Zhu Dawei Yu Wei Li Shanjiang Zhao State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratoryf Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Instituteof ZooogyChinese Academyof SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China Beijing Farm animal Research Center Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated gene(Cas) system is continually optimized to achieve the most efficient gene editing effect. The Cas12i^(Max), a Cas12i variant, exhibits powerful DNA editing activity and enriches the gene editing toolbox. However, the application of Cas12i^(Max)in large domestic animals has not yet been reported. To verify the efficiency and feasibility of multiple gene editing in large animals, we generated porcine fibroblasts with simultaneous knockouts of IGF2, ANPEP, CD163,and MSTN via Cas12i^(Max)in one step. Phenotypically stable pigs were created through somatic cell nuclear transfer technology. They exhibited improved growth performance and muscle quality. Furthermore, we simultaneously edited three genes in bovine fibroblasts. A knockout of MSTN and PRNP was created and the amino acid Q-G in CD18 was precisely substituted. Meanwhile, no off-target phenomenon was observed by sum-type analysis or off-target detection. These results verified the effectiveness of Cas12i^(Max)for gene editing in livestock animals and demonstrated the potential application of Cas12i^(Max)in the field of animal trait improvement for agricultural production.

关键词： Cas12i^(Max) gene editing livestock multiple trait improvement

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Cellular and Transcriptional Dynamics during Brown Adipose Tissue Regeneration under Acute Injury

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 345-357页

作者： Wenjing You Ziye Xu Wentao Chen Xin Yang Shiqi Liu Liyi Wang Yuang Tu Yanbing Zhou Teresa G.Valencak Yizhen Wang Shihuan Kuang Tizhong Shan College of animal sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina The Key Laboratory of Molecular animal Nutrition Ministry of EducationHangzhouChina Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and animal Nutrition HangzhouChina Department of Laboratory Medicine the First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Department of animal sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA.

Brown adipose tissue(BAT)is the major site of non-shivering thermogenesis and crucial for systemic *** chronic cold exposures and high-fat diet challenges,BAT undergoes robust remodeling to adapt to physiological ***,whether and how BAT regenerates after acute injuries are poorly ***,we established a novel BAT injury and regeneration model(BAT-IR)in mice and performed single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and bulk RNA-seq to determine cellular and transcriptomic dynamics during *** further defined distinct fibro-adipogenic and myeloid progenitor populations contributing to BAT *** trajectory and gene expression analyses uncovered the involvement of MAPK,Wnt,and Hedgehog(Hh)signaling pathways in BAT *** confirmed the role of Hh signaling in BAT development through Myf5Cre-mediated conditional knockout(cKO)of the Sufu gene to activate Hh signaling in BAT and muscle *** BAT-IR model therefore provides a paradigm to identify conserved cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying BAT development and remodeling.

关键词： injuries involvement acute

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Prevotella and succinate treatments altered gut microbiota,increased laying performance,and suppressed hepatic lipid accumulation in laying hens

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Journal of animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 844-861页

作者： Min Liu Zeyue Kang Xikang Cao Hongchao Jiao Xiaojuan Wang Jingpeng Zhao Hai Lin College of animal science and Technology Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and PreventionKey Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Non‑Grain Feed Resources(Co‑Construction by Ministry and Province)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018China

Background This work aimed to investigate the potential benefits of administering Prevotella and its primary metabolite succinate on performance,hepatic lipid accumulation and gut microbiota in laying *** One hundred and fifty 58-week-old Hyline Brown laying hens,with laying rate below 80%and plasma triglyceride(TG)exceeding 5 mmol/L,were used in this *** hens were randomly allocated into 5 groups and subjected to one of the following treatments:fed with a basal diet(negative control,NC),oral gavage of 3 mL/hen saline every other day(positive control,PC),gavage of 3 mL/hen Prevotella melaninogenica(10^(7)CFU/mL,PM)or 3 mL/hen Prevotella copri(10^(7)CFU/mL,***)every other day,and basal diet supplemented with 0.25%sodium succinate(Succinate).The results showed that PM and *** treatments significantly improved laying rate compared to the PC(P0.05).PM treatment increased(P<0.05)the mRNA levels of genes PGC-1βand APB-5B at week 4,and ACC and CPT-1 at week *** results indicated enhanced antioxidant activities at week 8,as evidenced by reduced hepatic malondialdehyde(MDA)level and improved antioxidant enzymes activities in PM and Succinate groups(P<0.05).Supplementing with Prevotella or succinate can alter the cecal ***,the abundance of Prevotella in the Succinate group was significantly higher than that in the other 4 groups at the family and genus levels(P<0.05).Conclusions Oral intake of Prevotella and dietary supplementation of succinate can ameliorate lipid metabolism of laying *** beneficial effect of Prevotella is consistent across different *** finding highlights that succinate,the primary metaboli

关键词： Fatty liver Gut microbiota Laying hen Prevotella Succinate

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Diarrhea induced by insufficient fat absorption in weaned piglets:Causes and nutrition regulation

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animal Nutrition 2024年第01期16卷 299-305页

作者： Yuying Li Pengjun Shi Kang Yao Qian Lin Mansheng Wang Zhenping Hou Wenjie Tang Hui Diao Institute of Bast Fiber Crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animal Science Academy Sichuan Animtech Feed Co. Ltd

Fat is one of the three macronutrients and a significant energy source for piglets. It plays a positive role in maintaining intestinal health and improving production performance. During the weaning period,physiological, stress and diet-related factors influence the absorption of fat in piglets, leading to damage to the intestinal barrier, diarrhea and even death. Signaling pathways, such as fatty acid translocase(CD36), pregnane X receptor(PXR), and AMP-dependent protein kinase(AMPK), are responsible for regulating intestinal fat uptake and maintaining intestinal barrier function. Therefore, this review mainly elaborates on the reasons for diarrhea induced by insufficient fat absorption and related signaling pathways in weaned-piglets, with an emphasis on the intestinal fat absorption disorder. Moreover, we focus on introducing nutritional strategies that can promote intestinal fat absorption in piglets with insufficient fat absorption-related diarrhea, such as lipase, amino acids, and probiotics.

关键词： Weaned piglet Diarrhea Fat absorption Nutrient regulation

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LSTM Network-Based Adaptation Approach for Dynamic Integration in Intelligent End-Edge-Cloud Systems

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Tsinghua science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 1219-1231页

作者： Xuan Yang James A.Esquivel graduate School Angeles University FoundationAngeles City 2009Philippinesand also with Shandong Provincial University Laboratory for Protected HorticultureWeifang University of Science and TechnologyWeifang 262700China graduate School Angeles University FoundationAngeles City 2009Philippines

Edge computing, which migrates compute-intensive tasks to run on the storage resources of edge devices, efficiently reduces data transmission loss and protects data privacy. However, due to limited computing resources and storage capacity, edge devices fail to support real-time streaming data query and processing. To address this challenge, first, we propose a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network-based adaptive approach in the intelligent end-edge-cloud system. Specifically, we maximize the Quality of Experience (QoE) of users by automatically adapting their resource requirements to the storage capacity of edge devices through an event mechanism. Second, to reduce the uncertainty and non-complete adaption of the edge device towards the user’s requirements, we use the LSTM network to analyze the storage capacity of the edge device in real time. Finally, the storage features of the edge devices are aggregated to the cloud to re-evaluate the comprehensive capability of the edge devices and ensure the fast response of the user devices during the dynamic adaptation matching process. A series of experimental results show that the proposed approach has superior performance compared with traditional centralized and matrix decomposition based approaches.

关键词： quality of experience data query end-edge-cloud Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)networks

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The effects of in ovo feeding of selenized glucose on liver selenium concentration and antioxidant capacity in neonatal broilers

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 312-315页

作者： Jiahui Li Qiao Shi Ying Xue Mingde Zheng Long Liu Tuoyu Geng Daoqing Gong Minmeng Zhao Jiangsu Key Laboratory of animal genetic Breeding and Molecular Design College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Selenium is an essential trace element for humans and *** the active center of selenoproteins,the addition of selenium is beneficial to enhance the antioxidant ***,the high cost limits the application of organic Se in agriculture animal *** glucose(SeGlu)is a newly invented organoselenium material with good stability,low toxicity and low *** assay found that SeGlu was able to increase selenium deposition in liver of newborn broilers,and enhance the antioxidant capacity of liver by elevating the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as total superoxide dismutase and glutathione *** paper as the first example clarifying the mechanism of SeGlu to enhance the antioxidant ability of chicks,shows that SeGlu can be used as an organic selenium enrichment additive for early nutrition of *** a cross-discipline study involving chemistry,biology and agriculture animal science,the work may be beneficial for studies in related fields and prompt the development of the selenium science.

关键词： Selenized glucose In ovo feeding Antioxidant capacity Selenium Broiler

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Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy J.Wester Channarayapatna K.Girish Peter V.Chrystal Velmurugu Ravindran Monogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand Department of animal science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary MedicineChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshiChattogram 4225Bangladesh Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik(SEA)Pte.Ltd609927 Singapore Complete Feed Solutions Howick 2145AucklandNew Zealand

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients(SIDC)of nitrogen(N)and amino acids(AA)in two protein sources(soybean meal[SBM]and canola meal[CM])were investigated at six broiler ages(d 7,14,21,28,35,and 42).Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM(413 g/kg)or CM(553 g/kg)as the sole dietary AA *** dioxide(5 g/kg)was added as an indigestible marker.A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age *** assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7(14 birds/cage),14(12 birds/cage),21(10 birds/cage),28(8 birds/cage),35(8 birds/cage)and 42(6 birds/cage),*** apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA *** the SBM group,though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced(quadratic;P=0.075)by age,no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIDC of indispensable(IAA)and total AA(TAA).An age effect(quadratic;P<0.05)was observed on the average SIDC of dispensable AA(DAA)in SBM with the highest value recorded at d 7,followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28,which increased beyond d *** SIDC of some individual AA(Arg,Thr,Trp,Cys,Pro)were affected(P<0.05 or P<0.001)in a quadratic manner by *** the CM,the SIDC of N,average SIDC of IAA,DAA and TAA were influenced(quadratic;P<0.05 or P<0.001)by *** SIDC of N and average SIDC of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14,declined at d 21,and then increased beyond d *** average SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased *** SIDC of individual AA were affected(linear or quadratic;P<0.05 or P<0.001)by different magnitudes by *** age influence on the SIDC AA was variable,depending on the protein source and *** results demonstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

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Liquefaction and post-liquefaction behaviors of sands affected by immersion-induced degradation of crushed mudstone

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1799-1812页

作者： Tadao Enomoto graduate School of science and Engineering Ibaraki University4-12-1Naka-narusawa-choHitachiIbaraki316-8511Japan

A series of undrained triaxial tests was conducted to investigate the effect of crushed mudstone with the immersion-induced degradation on the liquefaction and post-liquefaction properties,and the undrained shearing behavior without precedent cyclic-loading histories of sands containing crushed *** tested materials with a main particle diameter of 2-0.85 mm were prepared by mixing sands and crushed mudstone to reach the prescribed mudstone content defined by dry mass ranging from 0% to 50%.The mixtures were subjected to immersion under a certain stress level and were subsequently *** addition,one-dimensional compression tests were also supplementally performed to visually observe the immersion-induced degradation of crushed *** test results mainly showed that: (1) the liquefaction resistance,the post-liquefaction undrained strength,and the undrained strength without a precedent cyclic-loading history decreased significantly with increasing mudstone content,M c ,up to 20%;(2) even a small amount of crushed mudstone affected these strengths;(3) the above-mentioned large reductions in the strengths were attributed to the immersion-induced degradation of crushed mudstone;(4) at M_(c) >20%,the liquefaction resistance increased while the significant increase in the undrained static strengths with and without precedent cyclic-loading histories was not observed;and (5) the increase in the liquefaction resistance at M_(c) >20% may have been attributed to both the gradual increase in the plasticity and the formation of the soil aggregates among deteriorated crushed mudstone,while the increase in the specimen density did not play an important role in such behavior.

关键词： Liquefaction Post-liquefaction behavior Triaxial test Sands containing crushed mudstone

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The foodborne toxin perfringolysin O targets mitochondrial destabilization for NLRP3 inflammasome activation

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Food science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Xinyi Wang Ying Ren Bo Wang Beizhong Han Yansong Xue Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety， College of Food science and Nutritional Engineering， China Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition and Feeding， Department of animal Nutrition and Feed science， College of animal science and Technology， China Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Food Bioengineering (China National Light Industry)， College of Food science and Nutritional Engineering， China Agricultural University

Foodborne pathogens are the leading causes of human diseases that result in hundreds of thousands of deaths annually. Clostridium perfringens （C. perfringens） is a notorious foodborne pathogen of global significance that is known to produce a large repertoire of toxic factors， several of which can severely destroy the gut lining to lead to abdominal pain， diarrhea， and even death. However， like many other foodborne pathogens， there is no specific treatment for infections caused by C. perfringens and rehydration therapy is largely ineffective at reducing symptoms and preventing transmission. Given this， there is an urgent need to discover new therapeutic targets that can be harnessed to treat C. perfringens infection. We recently discovered that a highly toxic factor produced by C. perfringens named perfringolysin O （PFO） activates the innate immune sensor NLRP3. We characterized that PFO is the specific agonist of NLRP3 inflammasome and mechanistically， the intracellular entrance of PFO is required for active assembly of NLRP3 inflammasome. Further， PFO targets the mitochondria resulting in mitochondrial destabilization and ROS release. Mito-TEMPO scavenging mtROS specifically inhibits the level of caspase-1 p20 and IL-1β in both in vitro and in vivo models. Additionally， 5-hydroxydecanoate （5-HD）， a selective mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) inhibitor， could relieve PFO-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation as well as mitochondrial destabilization， indicating that potassium ion flux is necessary for mitochondrial damage upstream of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. We expect that the information gathered from this study will develop insights into features of the immune response that can be targeted for the treatment of food poisoning and other foodborne pathogenic infections.

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Integrated photonic fractional convolution accelerator

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1828-1839页

作者： KEVIN ZELAYA MOHAMMED-ALI MIRI Department of Physics Queens College of the City University of New YorkQueensNew York 11367USA Physics program The Graduate Center of the City University of New YorkNew YorkNew York 10016USA

An integrated photonic circuit architecture to perform a modified-convolution operation based on the discrete fractional Fourier transform(DFrFT) is introduced. This is accomplished by utilizing two nonuniformly coupled waveguide lattices with equally spaced eigenmode spectra, the lengths of which are chosen so that the DFrFT and its inverse operations are achieved. A programmable modulator array is interlaced so that the required fractional convolution operation is performed. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed architecture can effectively perform smoothing and edge detection tasks even for noisy input signals, which is further verified by electromagnetic wave simulations. Notably, mild lattice defects do not jeopardize the architecture performance, showing its resilience to manufacturing errors.

关键词： fractional convolution utilizing

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