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Dietary copper requirement of broilers fed a corn-soybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age

animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 96-104页

作者： Ling Zhu Wei Wu Bingxin Wu Yun Hu Liyang Zhang Weiyun Zhang Tingting Li Xiaoyan Cui Feiyu Gao Ding Li Xugang Luo Shengchen Wang Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225000China Mineral Nutrition Research Division State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

This research was to assess the dietary copper(Cu)requirement of broiler chickens fed a practical cornsoybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age.A total of 288 numbered Arbor Acres male broilers at 22 d of age were randomly allotted 6 treatments with 8 replicate cages(6 broilers per cage)per *** were fed a Cu-unsupplemented corn-soybean meal basal diet(control,containing 7.36 mg Cu/kg)or the basal diet added with 3,6,9,12,or 15 mg Cu/kg from CuSO_(4)·5H_(2)O for 21 ***,asymptotic and broken-line models were fitted and the best fitted models were selected to determine dietary Cu *** results revealed that the contents of Cu in serum and liver,m RNA expression levels of Cu-and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase(CuZnSOD)in liver and monoamine oxidase b(MAO B)in heart,as well as protein expression level of CuZnSOD in liver were affected(P<0.05)by supplemental Cu levels,and the above indices varied linearly and quadratically(P<0.05)with increasing Cu *** Cu requirements assessed according to the best fitted broken-line models(P<0.05)of the above indexes were 10.45—13.81 mg/*** was concluded that mRNA expression levels of CuZnSOD in liver and MAO B in heart,as well as liver CuZnSOD protein expression level were new specific sensitive biomarkers for estimating dietary Cu requirements,and the dietary Cu requirement was recommended to be 14 mg/kg to support Cu metabolic needs related to key Cucontaining enzymes in broilers fed the corn-soybean meal diet during 22—42 d of age,which was higher than the dietary Cu requirement(8 mg/kg)for broilers at the corresponding stage suggested by the Chinese Feeding Standard of Chicken.

关键词： Copper Copper content Gene expression of copper-containing enzyme Requirement Broiler

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The characterization of protein lactylation in relation to cardiac metabolic reprogramming in neonatal mouse hearts

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第7期51卷 735-748页

作者： Tongyu Zhang Yingxi Zhu Xiaochen Wang Danyang Chong Haiquan Wang Dandan Bu Mengfei Zhao Lei Fang Chaojun Li Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model animals for Disease Study Model Animal Research CenterMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNational Resource Center for Mutant MiceNanjingJiangsu 210093China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring health China International Joint Research Center on Environment and Human HealthCenter for Global HealthSchool of Public HealthGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 211166China

In mammals,the neonatal heart can regenerate upon injury within a short time after birth,while adults lose this *** reprogramming has been demonstrated to be critical for cardiomyocyte proliferation in the neonatal ***,we reveal that cardiac metabolic reprogramming could be regulated by altering global protein *** performing 4D label-free proteomics and lysine lactylation(Kla)omics analyses in mouse hearts at postnatal days 1,5,and 7,2297 Kla sites from 980 proteins are identified,among which 1262 Kla sites from 409 proteins are *** clustering analysis reveals that the proteins with altered Kla sites are mainly involved in metabolic *** expression and Kla levels of proteins in glycolysis show a positive correlation while a negative correlation in fatty acid ***,we verify the Kla levels of several differentially modified proteins,including ACAT1,ACADL,ACADVL,PFKM,PKM,and ***,our study reports a comprehensive Kla map in the neonatal mouse heart,which will help to understand the regulatory network of metabolic reprogramming and cardiac regeneration.

关键词： Lactylation Metabolicrep rogramming Postnatal heart regeneration Cell proliferation

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Mannanase improves the growth performance of broilers by alleviating inflammation of the intestinal epithelium and improving intestinal microbiota

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 376-394页

作者： Xiaodan Zhang Huiping Xu Lu Gong Jiao Wang Jianyang Fu Zengpeng Lv Liangjuan Zhou Xuejun Li Qiong Liu Pingyu Xia Yuming Guo State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing Strowin Biotechnology Co. Ltd.

This experiment aimed to discuss and reveal the effect and mechanism of mannanase on intestinal inflammation in broilers triggered by a soybean meal diet. In this experiment, 384 Arbor Acres broilers at1 d old were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups. The broilers were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, a low-energy diet(metabolizable energy reduced by 50 kcal/kg), and a low-energy diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg mannanase for 42 d. The low-energy diet increased feed conversion ratio from0 to 42 d, reduced ileal villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio and upregulated the expression of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) in the ileum(P < 0.05). It also reduced cecal short-chain fatty acids(SCFA), such as acetic acid(P < 0.05). Compared with low-energy diets, the addition of mannanase increased body weight at 42 d, promoted the digestibility of nutrients, and maintained the morphology and integrity of the intestinal epithelium of broilers(P < 0.05). In addition, mannanase upregulated the expression of claudin-1(CLDN1) and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1) in the jejunum at 21 d,downregulated the expression of ileal NF-κB, and increased the content of isobutyric acid in the cecum of broilers(P < 0.05). The results for the ileal microbiota showed that a low-energy diet led to a decrease in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri in the ileum of broilers. The addition of mannanase increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus-KC45b and Lactobacillus johnsonii in broilers. Furthermore, a low-energy diet reduced the relative abundance of Butyricicoccus in the intestine of broilers and inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and phosphoinositol metabolism. Mannanase increased the relative abundance of Odoribacter, promoted energy metabolism and N-glycan biosynthesis, and increased the activities of GH3 and GH18. It is concluded that mannanase could improve the growth performance of broilers by reducing the expression of NF-κB in the ileum, increasing the produc

关键词： Broiler Low-energy diet Mannanase Intestinal inflammatory response Intestinal microbiota Metagenome

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A cell transcriptomic profile p ovides insights into adipocytes of porcine mammary gland across development

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 182-200页

作者： Yongliang Fan Long Jin Zhiping He Tiantian Wei Tingting Luo Jiaman Zhang Can Liu Changjiu Dai Chao A Yan Liang Xuan Tao Xuebin Lv Yiren Gu Mingzhou Li State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry College of Animal Science and TechnologySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Key Laboratory of Qinghai‑Tibetan Plateau animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animal Science AcademyChengdu 610000China

Background Studying the composition and developmental mechanisms in mammary gland is crucial for healthy growth of newborns. The mammary gland is inherently heterogeneous, and its physiological function dependents on the gene expression of multiple cell types. Most studies focused on epithelial cells, disregarding the role of neighboring *** Here, we constructed the largest transcriptomic dataset of porcine mammary gland cells thus far. The dataset captured 126,829 high-quality nuclei from physiological mammary glands across five developmental stages(d 90 of gestation, G90;d 0 after lactation, L0;d 20 after lactation, L20;2 d post natural involution, PI2;7 d post natural involution, PI7). Seven cell types were identified, including epithelial cells, adipocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts cells, immune cells, myoepithelial cells and precursor cells. Our data indicate that mammary glands at different developmental stages have distinct phenotypic and transcriptional signatures. During late gestation(G90), the differentiation and proliferation of adipocytes were inhibited. Meanwhile, partly epithelial cells were completely differentiated. Pseudo-time analysis showed that epithelial cells undergo three stages to achieve lactation, including cellular differentiation, hormone sensing, and metabolic activation. During lactation(L0 and L20), adipocytes area accounts for less than 0.5% of mammary glands. To maintain their own survival, the adipocyte exhibited a poorly differentiated state and a proliferative capacity. Epithelial cells initiate lactation upon hormonal stimulation. After fulfilling lactation mission, their undergo physiological death under high intensity lactation. Interestingly, the physiological dead cells seem to be actively cleared by immune cells via CCL21-ACKR4 pathway. This biological process may be an important mechanism for maintaining homeostasis of the mammary gland. During natural involution(PI2 and PI7), epithelial cell populatio

关键词： Adipocytes Cell–cell interaction Development Mammary gland snRNA-seq

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HARVESTING GENOMICS PROGRESS FOR IMPROVED animal PRODUCTION AND health: FEEDING THE WORLD THROUGH BIOTECHNOLOGY

HARVESTING GENOMICS PROGRESS FOR IMPROVED ANIMAL PRODUCTION ...

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面向21世纪的动物科学与动物医学国际研讨会

作者： LawrenceB.Schook RachelJ.Hawken MarkS.Rutherford Program in Comparative Genomics Food Animal Biotechnology Center College of Veterinary Medicine University of Minnesota

Increased performance of domesticated animals has traditionally been accomplished through the selection of animals with desirable economically important traits. Recently, with the advancement of gene mapping efforts in domestic animals, efforts to utilize emerging molecular technologies to increase the rate of genetic improvement over traditional selection practices have been realized. Genetic markers, which define chromosomal regions containing economically important traits, have flourished. Furthermore, the increased vertical integration of production systems and the increasing utilization of artificial insemination provide unique opportunities to implement marker-based management systems (Marker Management SystemsM, MMS). These advances will most likely result in the generation of proprietary germplasms generated for specific production and consumer needs through MMS.

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Matrix metalloproteinase 2 contributes to adult eclosion and immune response in the small hive beetle,Aethina tumida

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 733-747页

作者： Lixian Wu Yajing Xu Liangbin Li Dainan Cao Fang Liu Hongxia Zhao Guangdong Key Laboratssory of animal Conservation and Resource Utilization Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of ZoologyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina

During the pupal-adult eclosion process of holometabolous insects,the old cuticle is shed and replaced by a completely different new cuticle that requires tanning and expansion,along with extensive extracellular matrix(ECM)*** vertebrates,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),a class of zinc-dependent endopeptidases,play key roles in regulating the ECM that surrounds ***,little is known about these extracellular proteinases available in *** small hive beetle(SHB),Aethina tumida,is a widespread invasive parasite of honey *** this study,6 MMP homologs were identified in the SHB *** interference experiments showed that all 6 AtMmps are not required for the larval-pupal transition,only AtMmp2 was essential for pupal-adult eclosion in *** of AtMmp2 resulted in eclosion defects and wing expansion failure,as well as mortality within 3 d of adult *** analysis revealed that knockdown of AtMmp2 significantly increased expression of the Toll and Imd pathways,chitin metabolism,and cross-linking(such as the pro-phenoloxidase activating cascade pathway and the tyrosine-mediated cuticle sclerotization and pigmentation pathway).These data revealed evolutionarily conserved functions of Mmp2 in controlling adult eclosion and wing expansion,also provided a preliminary exploration of the novel function of regulating Toll and Imd pathways,as well as new insights into how MMPs regulate insect development and defense barriers.

关键词： Aethina tumida adult eclosion immune response matrix metalloproteinase RNAinterference

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Hepatic steatosis is associated with dysregulated cholesterol metabolism and altered protein acetylation dynamics in chickens

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 53-67页

作者： Xiaoli Guo Qianqian Zhou Jiaming Jin Fangren Lan Chaoliang Wen Junying Li Ning Yang Congjiao Sun National Engineering Laboratory for animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of animal Genetics Breeding and ReproductionMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background Hepatic steatosis is a prevalent manifestation of fatty liver, that has detrimental effect on the health and productivity of laying hens, resulting in economic losses to the poultry industry. Here, we aimed to systematically investigate the genetic regulatory mechanisms of hepatic steatosis in laying *** Ninety individuals with the most prominent characteristics were selected from 686 laying hens according to the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver, and were graded into three groups, including the control, mild hepatic steatosis and severe hepatic steatosis groups. A combination of transcriptome, proteome, acetylome and lipidome analyses, along with bioinformatics analysis were used to screen the key biological processes, modifications and lipids associated with hepatic *** The rationality of the hepatic steatosis grouping was verified through liver biochemical assays and RNA-seq. Hepatic steatosis was characterized by increased lipid deposition and multiple metabolic abnormalities. Integration of proteome and acetylome revealed that differentially expressed proteins(DEPs) interacted with differentially acetylated proteins(DAPs) and were involved in maintaining the metabolic balance in the liver. Acetylation alterations mainly occurred in the progression from mild to severe hepatic steatosis, i.e., the enzymes in the fatty acid oxidation and bile acid synthesis pathways were significantly less acetylated in severe hepatic steatosis group than that in mild group(P < 0.05). Lipidomics detected a variety of sphingolipids(SPs) and glycerophospholipids(GPs) were negatively correlated with hepatic steatosis(r ≤-0.5, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the severity of hepatic steatosis was associated with a decrease in cholesterol and bile acid synthesis and an increase in exogenous cholesterol *** In addition to acquiring a global and thorough picture of hepatic steatosis in laying hens, we were able to reveal the role of ac

关键词： Acetylation Cholesterol metabolism Hepatic steatosis Laying hens Multiomics

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circRNA3669 promotes goat endometrial epithelial cells proliferation via miR-26a/RCN2 to activate PI3K/AKT-mTOR and MAPK pathways

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 960-974页

作者： Xiaorui Liu Jiuzeng Cui Mengyao Wei Xiaofei Wang Yuexia Liu Zhongshi Zhu Min Zhou Gui Ba Langda Suo Yuxuan Song Lei Zhang Division of Laboratory Safety and Services Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China College of animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of animal Sciences Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry SciencesLhasa 850009China

The development of receptive endometrium(RE) from pre-receptive endometrium(PE) for successful embryo implantation is a complex dynamic process in which the morphology and physiological states of the endometrial epithelium undergo a series of significant changes, including cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, the molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. In this study, a higher circRNA3669 level was observed in PE than in RE of goats. Functional assays revealed that this overexpression promoted the proliferation of goat endometrial epithelial cells(GEECs) by activating the expression of genes related to the PI3K/AKT-mTOR and MAPK pathways,thereby inhibiting apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, circRNA3669 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA) to upregulate Reticulocalbin-2(RCN2) expression at the post-transcriptional level by interacting with and downregulating miR-26a in GEECs. In addition, RCN2, which is highly expressed in the PE of goats, was found to be regulated by β-estradiol(E2) and progesterone(P4). Our results demonstrated that RCN2 also affected the key proteins PI3K, AKT, mTOR, JNK, and P38 in the PI3K/AKT-mTOR and MAPK pathways, thereby facilitating GEECs proliferation and suppressing their apoptosis in vitro. Collectively, we constructed a new circRNA3669-miR-26aRCN2 regulatory network in GEECs, which further provides strong evidence that circRNA could potentially play a crucial regulatory role in the development of RE in goats.

关键词： circRNA3669 RCN2 miR-26a goat endometrial epithelial cells(GEECs) proliferation

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Zinc lactate alleviates oxidative stress by modulating crosstalk between constitutive androstane receptor signaling pathway and gut microbiota profile in weaned piglets

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animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 23-33页

作者： Wenjie Tang Xuan Xiang Houfu Wang Wentao Zhou Liuqin He Yulong Yin Tiejun Li College of animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of animal Intestinal Function and Regulation Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China College of Advanced Agricultural Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Sichuan Academy of animal Sciences Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 610066China Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animtech Feed Co.LtdChengdu 610000China

This study aimed to determine the regulatory mechanism of dietary zinc lactate(ZL)supplementation on intestinal oxidative stress damage in a paraquat(PQ)-induced piglet ***-eight piglets(mean body weight 9.51±0.23 kg)weaned at 28 d of age were randomly divided into control,ZL,PQ,and ZL+PQ groups(n=7 in each group).The ZL-supplemented diet had little effect on growth performance under normal physiological ***,under PQ challenge,ZL supplementation significantly improved average daily gain(P<0.05)and reduced the frequency of *** improved intestinal morphology and ultrastructure by significantly increasing the expression level of the jejunal tight junction protein,zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)(P<0.05),and intestinal zinc transport and absorption in PQ-induced piglets,which reduced intestinal *** supplementation also enhanced the expression of antioxidant and antiinflammatory factor-related genes and decreased inflammatory cytokine expression and secretion in PQinduced ***,ZL treatment significantly inhibited the activation of constitutive androstane receptor(CAR)signaling(P<0.01)in PQ-induced piglets and altered the structure of the gut microbiota,especially by significantly increasing the abundance of beneficial gut microbes,including UCG_002,Ruminococcus,Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group,Christensenellaceae_R_7_group,Treponema,unclassified_Christensenellaceae,and unclassified_Erysipelotrichaceae(P<0.05).These data reveal that pre-administration of ZL to piglets can suppress intestinal oxidative stress by improving antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity and regulating the crosstalk between CAR signaling and gut microbiota.

关键词： Zinc lactate Intestinal barrier Oxidative stress Inflammation Constitutive androstane receptor Gut microbiota

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The protective role of prebiotics and probiotics on diarrhea and gut damage in the rotavirus-infected piglets

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1424-1448页

作者： Heng Yang Xiangqi Fan Xiangbing Mao Bing Yu Jun He Hui Yan Jianping Wang Institute of animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition and Feed of China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsKey Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan ProvinceNo.211Gongpinghuimin RoadWenjiang DistrictChengduSichuan Province 611130People’s Republic of China

Rotavirus is one of the pathogenic causes that induce diarrhea in young animals, especially piglets, worldwide. However, nowadays, there is no specific drug available to treat the disease, and the related vaccines have no obvious efficiency in some countries. Via analyzing the pathogenesis of rotavirus, it inducing diarrhea is mainly due to disturb enteric nervous system, destroy gut mucosal integrity, induce intracellular electrolyte imbalance, and impair gut microbiota and immunity. Many studies have already proved that prebiotics and probiotics can mitigate the damage and diarrhea induced by rotavirus infection in hosts. Based on these, the current review summarizes and discusses the effects and mechanisms of prebiotics and probiotics on rotavirus-induced diarrhea in piglets. This information will highlight the basis for the swine production utilization of prebiotics and probiotics in the prevention or treatment of rotavirus infection in the future.

关键词： Diarrhea Piglet Prebiotics Probiotics Rotavirus

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