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Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in health,disease,and recovery:deeper insights into myelin dynamics

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3179-3192页

作者： Pieter-Jan Serneels Julie D.De Schutter Lies De Groef Lieve Moons Steven Bergmans KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionNeural Circuit Development&Regeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Leuven Brain InstituteDepartment of BiologyAnimal Physiology and Neurobiology DivisionCellular Communication&Neurodegeneration Research GroupLeuvenBelgium

Decades of research asserted that the oligodendroglial lineage comprises two cell types:oligodendrocyte precursor cells and ***,recent studies employing single-cell RNA sequencing techniques have uncovered novel cell states,prompting a revision of the existing *** forward,the oligodendroglial lineage should be delineated into five distinct cell states:oligodendrocyte precursor cells,committed oligodendrocyte precursor cells,newly formed oligodendrocytes,myelin-forming oligodendrocytes,and mature *** new classification system enables a deeper understanding of the oligodendroglia in both physiological and pathological *** this uniform terminology will facilitate comparison and integration of data across ***,including the consolidation of findings from various demyelinating models,is essential to better understand the pathogenesis of demyelinating ***,comparing injury models across species with varying regenerative capacities can provide insights that may lead to new therapeutic strategies to overcome remyelination ***,by standardizing terminology and synthesizing data from diverse studies across different animal models,we can enhance our understanding of myelin pathology in central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,all of which involve oligodendroglial and myelin dysfunction.

关键词： animal models demyelination fish mammals multiple sclerosis myelin neurodegeneration oligodendrocytes oligodendroglial lineage remyelination

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Effects of maternal stress induced by predator odors during gestation on behavioral and physiological responses of offspring in Brandt’s vole(Lasiopodomys brandtii)

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第6期13卷 723-734页

作者： Chen GU Wenjia WANG Xiaoqian DING Shengmei YANG Aiqin WANG Baofa YIN Wanhong WEI Department of animal behavior College of Bioscience and BiotechnologyYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina

Maternal effects play a crucial role in regulating populations of small mammals and anti-predator behaviors of *** present study investigated the effects of maternal stress induced by exposure to predator odors during gestation on the behavioral and physiological responses of offspring in Brandt’s vole(Lasiopodomys brandtii).Effects included changes in growth,behaviors,hormone levels in serum,and fosB/ΔfosB mRNA and FosB/ΔFosB protein expression in the *** results showed that when pregnant voles were exposed to cat and rabbit urine odors for 18 days(1 h/day),the weight of the female offspring decreased;however,the thymus and ovary indices increased,compared with the control *** offspring of voles exposed to cat odor spent more time exploring and foraging,and showed a decrease in corticosterone(CORT)compared with voles in the control *** fosB/ΔfosB mRNA and FosB/ΔFosB protein expressions were downregulated in the hypothalamus of male offspring in the cat odor-exposed group compared to that in offspring in the control ***,the mRNA levels of fosB/ΔfosB in the hypothalamus of female offspring did not decrease in response to cat urine *** findings suggested that maternal stress induced by predator odors during gestation restrained the growth of female offspring and increased the duration of exploring and foraging behaviors of male offspring by regulating the HPA axis,which,in turn,reduced the sensitivity of offspring to unfamiliar environments and increased their probability of becoming prey.

关键词： behaviors Brandt’s voles cat urine odor FosB/ΔFosB maternal effect

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Does cryptic dichromatism exist in the Saffron Finch(Sicalis flaveola)?Colorimetric variables and the avian visual model

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 405-415页

作者： Lorena Cruz-Bernate Camilo Espinosa-Bravo Hector Fabio Rivera-Gutierrez Ornithology and animal behavior Laboratory-OYCA GEAHNA GroupBiology Department of the Natural and Exact Sciences FacultyUniversidad del ValleCaliColombia Ecology and Evolution Vertebrates group Biology InstituteNatural and Exact Sciences FacultyUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellínColombia

Sexual dichromatism,a particular type of sexual dimorphism,occurs in several species and has been associated with sexual *** some cases,the differences are so small that they are imperceptible to humans,but possibly detected by *** objective measurement of color with spectrophotometers and detailed analyses according to the perception ability of the avian eye have revealed that some species that were once considered to be monochromatic,are in fact dichromatic and able to perceive these *** the tropics,the Saffron Finch(Sicalis flaveola) does not present marked sexual dimorphism in coloration,which makes studies in behavioral ecology,natural history and population dynamics *** assess whether there is dichromatism in the species,the reflectance(between 300 and 700 nm) of ten body regions was measured in 196 wild adults in *** was determined using the CHD1 gene on the sex *** spectra were analyzed using:colorimetric variables and the avian visual *** found that reflectance shows a bimodal curve in all body regions,except the *** presented higher reflectance at long wavelengths,while for females this occurred in ultraviolet *** the visual model,we found that there are significant intrasexual differences;however only in crown coloration is there a possible perceived difference between *** conclude that in the Saffron Finch there are color differences between the sexes in all regions considering the physical phenomenon(reflectance),but in general,when evaluating color perception(avian visual model),there are no differences between the sexes in most of the body *** intrasexual differences are significant,indicating the possibility of these being signals that influence social interactions in the species.

关键词： Carotenoids Color discrimination Colombia Intrasexual signals Social selection Tanagers Tropical region

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animal personalities and their implications for complex signaling

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Current Zoology 2014年第3期60卷 381-386页

作者： Nicholas DIRIENZO Ann V HEDRICK Department of Neurobiology Physiology & Behavior Animal Behavior Graduate Group University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Neurobiology Physiology & Behavior University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

animal personalities have been a major focus of behavioral ecology over the past decade. Consistent individual dif ferences in behavior have been found across taxa, and have been shown to influence a range of ecological processes. The role of personalities in sexual selection has been considered, and examples exist that show selection for personality traits with both assortative and disassortative mating patterns between personality types. One overlooked aspect of the personality and sexual se lection literature is the potential for personalitysignaling interactions, specifically with complex signaling. Complex signaling is a diverse topic in itself, and in short, consists of multiple signals within one or more modalities that interact to elicit a receiver response. Research into complex signaling has been thorough, although at times studies discover complex signaling systems that fail to fit into one of the existing hypotheses in the literature. Here, we argue that personalities may interact with complex signal ing, which should be considered by researchers of both personality and sexual selection and communication. We describe several ways in which personalitycomplex signaling interactions could affect both the signaler and receiver, and the way in which they may drive personalityspecific signals as well as receiver preferences. Finally, we discuss how considering personality in com plex signaling studies may inform theory as well as improve the ability of researchers to accurately describe its function.

关键词： animal Personalities Sexual Selection Complex Signaling Multimodal Communication Communication

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The Crested Ibises expanding to plain areas exhibit a higher tolerance of human proximity

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Avian Research 2024年第1期15卷 60-65页

作者： Yuqi Zou Yiting Jiang Zitan Song Xiaobin Fang Changqing Ding School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Biology University of KonstanzKonstanz78464Germany Center for the Advanced Study of Collective behavior University of KonstanzKonstanz78464Germany School of Life Sciences Liaoning UniversityShenyang110036China Comparative Socioecology group Max Planck Institute for Animal BehaviorKonstanz78467Germany

animals must strike a balance between anti-predation behavior and other essential behaviors,such as *** the same species,strategies may vary on individuals’risk-taking preferences,and in this process the environment is a determinant,in addition to predator *** Crested Ibis(Nipponia nippon)exhibits such *** is an endangered species,once inhabiting exclusively in China’s Qinling *** used to be the sole remaining wild ***,over recent decades,this population has expanded.A portion has relocated to breed in the lower plain area,which is characterized by elevated level of human activities and landscape *** used flight initiation distance(FID)as an indicator of the ibises’risk-taking preference,particularly their response to human ***,we examined the environmental factors influencing their foraging site selection,including altitude,terrain openness,human activity intensity and human *** findings revealed a significantly shorter FID among individuals relocating to plain habitats,indicating a higher tolerance of human *** results showed that FID decreased with distance to the nearest human *** finding is that FID was independent of instant human activity intensity and environmental factors(altitude and terrain openness).These different may arise from various combinations of human activity,predation risk,and food abundance within the two *** results provide insights into the in situ conservation of the threatened species within the context of global urbanization.

关键词： Anti-predation behavior Flight initiation distance Habitat expansion Human activity Nipponia nippon

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Performance and ruminal parameters of fattening Moghani lambs fed recycled poultry bedding

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animal Nutrition 2017年第2期3卷 145-150页

作者： Ayoub Azizi Afrooz Sharifi Arash Azarfar Ali Kiani Alireza Jolazadeh animal Science group Faculty of Agricultural SciencesLorestan University animal Science Department Khuzestan Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University

This study investigated the effects of recycled poultry bedding(RPB) on performance and protozoa population, microbial enzyme activity and microbial protein synthesis(MPS) in rumen contents of fattening lambs. Thirty-six male Moghani lambs(31.4 ± 3.2 kg body weight) were fed iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diets containing 0, 70,140 or 210 g/kg dry matter(DM) RPB in a balanced randomized design(9 lambs per treatment). Results showed that final body weight, DM intake, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio were unchanged(P > 0.05) by RPB inclusion. Total protozoa population and subfamily of Entoniniinae and Diplodiniiae were linearly decreased by RPB(L, P 0.05) by feeding the experimental diets. Inclusion of RPB in the diet linearly decreased extra cellular and total a-amylase activity(L, P 0.05). The extra cellular activity of proteases tended to increase(L, P=0.07) and their total and cellular activity increased(P > 0.05) in lambs fed RPB. Incorporation of RPB into the diet had no effect(L, P > 0.05) on urinary purine derivative excretion and MPS. In conclusion, inclusion of RPB up to 210 g/kg DM had no negative impact on performance, ruminal fibrolytic enzyme activity and MPS, while it increased rumen protease activity and decreased protozoa population in fattening Moghani lambs.

关键词： Recycled poultry bedding Performance Enzyme activity Microbial protein Lamb

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Amylopectin structure and crystallinity explains variation in digestion kinetics of starches across botanic sources in an in vitro pig model

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 115-127页

作者： Bianca M.J.Martens Walter J.J.Gerrits Erik M.A.M.Bruininx Henk A.Schols Laboratory of Food Chemistry Wageningen University and Research animal Nutrition group Wageningen University and Research Royal Agrifirm group Agrifirm North West Europe

Background: Starch is the main source of energy in commonly used pig *** effects related to the extent of starch digestion,also several effects related to variation in digestion rate have recently been demonstrated in *** rates of starch digestion in animals and in in vitro models have been reported,depending on the botanic origin of *** from different botanic sources differ widely in structural and molecular *** the effect of starch properties on in vitro digestion kinetics based on existing literature is hampered by incomplete characterization of the starches,or by a selective choice of starches from a limited number of botanic *** research aimed to analyse the relationships between starch properties and in vitro digestion kinetics of pure starches isolated from a broad range of botanic origins,which are used in non-ruminant diets or have a potential to be used in the *** we studied starch digestion kinetics of potato,pea,corn,rice,barley,and wheat starches,and analysed the granule diameter,number of pores,type and amount of crystalline structure,amylose content and amylopectin side-chain length of all ***: Multivariate analysis revealed strong correlations among starch properties,leading us to conclude that effects of most starch characteristics are strongly *** all analysed botanic sources,crystalline type and amylopectin chain length showed the strongest correlation with in vitro digestion *** percentages of A–type crystalline structure and amylopectin side chains of DP 6–24 both increased the rate of *** addition,within,but not across,(clusters of) botanic sources,a decrease in amylose content and increase in number of pores correlated positively with digestion ***: The type of crystalline structure and amylopectin chain length distribution of starch correlate significantly with digestion kinetics of starches ac

关键词： Amylopectin side chain distribution Amylose Granule diameter In vitro digestion kinetics Pores

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Collective decision-making and spatial patterns in orientation of an endemic ungulate on the Tibetan Plateau

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 45-58页

作者：严雪婷王旭赵雨梦祝芹杨乐李忠秋 Lab of animal behavior&Conservation School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsu210023China Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology Lhasa850000China

group living animals form striking aggregation patterns and display synchronization,polarization,and collective *** many col-lective behavioral studies have been conducted on small animals like insects and fish,research on large animals is still rare due to the limited availability of field collective *** used drones to record videos and analyzed the decision-making and behavioral spatial patterns in orienta-tion of Kiang(Tibetan wild ass,Equus kiang).Leadership is unevenly distributed among Kiang,with the minority initiating majority behavior-shift *** of individual to join are driven by imitation between group members,and are largely dependent on the number of members who have already *** respond to the behavior and position of neighbors through different *** strongly polarize when moving,therefore adopting a linear *** vigilant,orientation deviation increases as they form a tighter *** remain scattered while feeding and,in that context,adopt a side-by-side *** study reveals partially-shared decision-making among Kiang,whereby copying neighbors provides the wisdom to thrive in harsh *** study also suggests that animals'spatial patterns in orientation depend largely ontheirbehavioral states inachieving synchronization.

关键词： decision-making imitation spatial position Tibetan wild ass

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A novel real-time RT-PCR with TaqM an-MGB probes and its application in detecting BVDV infections in dairy farms

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1637-1643页

作者： ZHANG Yong-qiang LIU Hai-sheng WU Xiao-dong WANG Xiao-zhen LI Jin-ming ZHAO Yong-gang Lü Yan REN Wei-jie GE Sheng-qiang WANG Zhi-liang China animal Health and Epidemiology Center Beijing Dabeinong Technology group Co. Ltd.

A real-time RT-PCR assay using Taq Man-MGB probes was developed to detect and type the bovine viral diarrhea virus（BVDV） in *** primers and Taq Man-MGB probes were designed from the 5′-untranslated region of known pestiviral *** to optimizing the assay, c RNAs were transcribed in vitro from the BVDV 1 and BVDV 2 RTPCR products to make standard *** detection limit of the assay was 1.72×102 copies for BVDV 1 and 2.14×102copies for BVDV *** specificity of the assay evaluated on several BVDV strains including bovine herpesvirus 1（BHV 1）, foot and mouth disease virus（FMDV） and several classical swine fever virus（CSFV） strains showed specific detection of the positive virus over 40 *** assay was highly reproducible with the coefficient of variance ranging from 1.04 to 1.33% for BVDV 1 and from 0.83 to 1.48% for BVDV 2, *** this method, we tested a total of 2 327 cattle from three dairy farms for the presence of BVDV persistently infected（PI） *** this assay, each RT-PCR template contained a mixture of ten samples from different *** occurrence rate of PI cattle in three farms ranging from 0.9 to 2.54% could represent partly the PI rates in cattle farm in *** conclusion, using our real-time PCR assay, we could effectively detect and type BVDV and identify PI cattle in a rapid and cost-effective manner.

关键词： bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV) real-time RT-PCR persistently infected(PI) animals Taq Man-MGB occurrence rate of PI cattle

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Environmental microbes determine macrophage response towards saponin-induced inflammation in zebrafish larvae

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Water Biology and Security 2023年第3期2卷 66-74页

作者： Adria Lopez Nadal Evelien Kidess Jos Boekhorst Geert Wiegertjes Sylvia Brugman Cell Biology and Immunology Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and Researchthe Netherlands Host Microbe Interactomics Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and Researchthe Netherlands Aquaculture and Fisheries Animal Sciences GroupWageningen University and Researchthe Netherlands

The microbial consortium within an organism is crucial for its development and immune *** of the host microbiome by antibiotics or antinutritional factors may contribute to increased disease ***,we investigated whether exposure to different microbes could influence zebrafish larval microbiota composition and modulate their immune response towards a saponin *** zebrafish were exposed to the antibiotic oxytetracycline(OxyT)or control tank water and their intestinal content was harvested after 30h(24h exposure,6h wash-out).Subsequently,zebrafish embryos were exposed to either OxyT-treated content or non-treated content from 3 to 6 days post fertilization(dpf).At 6 dpf part of the group received a saponin challenge until 8 *** larvae exposed to OxyT-treated adult gut content(3–6 dpf)showed an altered microbiota composition compared to ***,larvae exposed to saponin-treated OxyT-content showed fewer macrophages(as visualized by fluorescent microscopy using mpx:GFP114;mpeg:mCherry transgenic fish)in the overall fish as well as around the gut area than saponin-treated control-exposed *** macrophages were associated with a decreased expression of interleukin 22(il22)in larvae exposed to saponin-treated OxyT-content compared to ***,this study shows that exposure to different microbial environments early in life might affect disease susceptibility of larval zebrafish.

关键词： Microbiota Immunity Oxytetracycline Saponin Zebrafish

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