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New insight into the origin and evolution of the flora and fauna of Hainan Island, China

Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 52-61页

作者： Hua ZHU Center for Integrative conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Southeast Asia Biodiversity Conservation Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants

The origin of the biota of Hainan Island, China, remains a fundamental scientific problem. Comparative studies on the biota, geological tectonics, and paleomagnetism proposed that during the Eocene, Hainan Island connected Vietnam and Guangxi, and then moved to the southeast to reach its present location. This review mainly discusses its biota origin from molecular phylogeny and palaeobotanical research. The formation and evolution of the biological groups of Hainan Island were identified via research on their genomes, phylogeny, and molecular biogeography. This research showed that the genera and species that appeared and diverged early in their evolution(i.e., before the Miocene) can be explained by the land connection between Hainan Island, Vietnam, and Guangxi during the Eocene-Oligocene. According to Southeast Asian tectonic theory, in the Middle Miocene(at about 15 million years ago), Hainan Island had moved to its present position. The population and genetic divergence of species with late divergence times(after 15 Ma) can be reasonably explained by the close proximity(or land connection) between Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula, enabling genetic communication between Hainan Island and the Chinese mainland, but have exceptional cases. Conclusions have been obtained through palaeobotanical studies, showing that in the Eocene-Oligocene period, southwest China and Hainan Island had subtropical vegetation and flora. However, the fossil group in southeast China(in Maoming, near present-day Hainan Island) in the Late Eocene indicated a tropical rainforest vegetation and flora. This suggests that in the Paleogene, Hainan Island may have been located near or on the southwest border of Guangxi and northern Vietnam, rather than in its present location. The floristic division of the flora of Hainan Island basically presents a northeast-southwest inclined distribution pattern. This pattern can be explained by the counterclockwise rotation of Hainan Island during i

关键词： Molecular phylogeny Biogeography Paleobotany Origin of flora and fauna Hainan Island of China

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Spatiotemporal evolution of Ediacaran-Cambrian(ca. 551–523 Ma)sponges in South China and their simulated contributions to marine oxygenation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年

作者： Yan YE Lei ZHANG Can CHEN Shan CHANG Yuhao YI Qinglai FENG State key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources China University of Geosciences(Wuhan) School of Earth Science China University of Geosciences(Wuhan) Department of Geology Lund University Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology key laboratory of Deep-time Geography and Environment Reconstruction and Applications of Ministry of Natural resources Chengdu University of Technology Second Geological Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Hubei Normal University exploration and Development Research Institute SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield Company

The origin and evolution of sponges have attracted interest, not only because they are among the most basal metazoans, but also because they act as important ecological engineers in the ocean. Previous research suggested that sponge groups diversified quickly during the Cambrian Series 2, while Terreneuvian sponge fossils are conspicuously rare and poorly substantiated. Yet, an increasing number of sponge spicules have been reported from the Ediacaran-Cambrian(E-C, ca.551–523 Ma) transitional carbonates/cherts worldwide, particularly in South China, which calls for updated discussions. Ocean oxygenation has been widely proposed to play a critical role in organismal evolution, but its relationship with sponges is unclear and falls into a “chicken-egg” dilemma. In this study, we summarize reported sponge spicule distributions from five E-C sections in South China to investigate the early evolutionary pattern of siliceous sponges. According to current stratigraphic correlation,monaxons first appear in the late Ediacaran in the intrashelf basin-slope area, and then potentially expand to the continental shelf and deep basin in the lower Cambrian. In these sections, the abundance, size, and diversity of monaxons increase upwards,followed by the appearance of diaxons, triaxons and then polyactines. Despite the uncertain affinity of the sponge fossils, it is possible that siliceous hexactinellids evolved later than siliceous demosponges, given that the earliest spicule assemblages are exclusively composed of monaxons, which commonly form bundles comparable to modern demosponges. New geochemical data from the Sifangjing section, Guizhou Province and the Yanziqiao section, Hunan Province, South China show that the appearance of sponges usually corresponds to anoxic environment. In addition, we applied the recently proposed biological Pump, Oxygen and Phosphorus(BPOP) model to trace the evolution of oceanic oxygen concentrations with the radiation of sponges. The results indic

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The complete mitochondrial genome of the Keeled box turtle Pyxidea mouhotii and phylogenetic analysis of major turtle groups

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2008年第1期35卷 33-40页

作者： Li Zhang Liuwang Nie Chenghe Cao Ying Zhang College of Life Sciences Anhui Normal University the Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation Research of Biological Resources in Anhui Wuhu 241000 China

The complete mitochondrial genome （16,837 bp） from the Keeled box turtle （Pyxidea mouhotii） was determined. The genome content, gene order, and base composition conformed to the consensus vertebrate type mtDNA. However, a remarkable feature was found in this molecule： a large number of （ATTATATC） n direct tandem repeats followed by （TA） n microsatellite at the 3＇ end of the control region （D-loop）, which might be useful as molecular markers for studying population genetics and helpful for species identification and conservation. Besides, to review phylogenetic relationships among major turtle lineages, maximum-likelihood （ML） and Bayesian （BI） analyses were conducted based on concatenated sequences of 13 protein-coding genes from 16 taxa. The resultant ML and BI analyses showed homological topologies, which only differed on the exact placement of Platysternon. Nevertheless, the results strongly supported that 1） Pyxidea mouhotii and Cuora aurocapitata formed a monophyletic clade, whereas Cyclemys atripons was not closer to the Pyxidea-Cuora than to Chinemys reevesii, suggesting that Cyclemys and the Cuora group （containing Pyxidea） may have originated from two ancestors; 2） the Geoemydidae with Testudinidae was a sister group rather than with the Emydidae.

关键词： Pyxidea mouhotii mitochondrial genome control region phylogenetic relationships

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Nonlinear Phenomena Conveying Body Size Information and Improving Attractiveness of the Courtship Calls in the Males of Odorrana tormota

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Asian Herpetological Research 2021年第1期12卷 117-123页

作者： Yatao WU Jiahui BAO Pingshin LEE Jinmei WANG Sheng WANG Fang ZHANG College of Life Sciences Anhui Nonnal UniversityWuhu 241000AnhuiChina anhui Provincial key laboratory of the conservation and Exploitation of biological resources Wuhu 241000AnhuiChina

Nonlinear phenomena are commonly shown in the vocalization of animals and exerts different adaptive *** some studies have pointed out that nonlinear phenomena can enhance the individual identification of male Odorrana tormota,whether the nonlinear phenomena play a specific role in the sexual selection of *** remain *** we presented evidence that there was a significant negative correlation(Pearson:n=30,r=0.65,Pimportant clues for female frogs in darkened surroundings to identify males’body size during mate choice,meanwhile,higher nonlinear phenomena content in males’calls may increase the attractiveness of males to *** results of this study provide confirmation that,for ***,nonlinear phenomena have specific function in mate choice.

关键词： body size mate choice nonlinear phenomena Odorrana tormota phonotaxis

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Epigenetics in the modern era of crop improvements

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年

作者： Yan Xue Xiaofeng Cao Xiangsong Chen Xian Deng Xingwang Deng Yong Ding Aiwu Dong Chengguo Duan Xiaofeng Fang Lei Gong Zhizhong Gong Xiaofeng Gu Chongsheng He Hang He Shengbo He Xinjian He Yan He Yuehui He Guifang Jia Danhua Jiang Jianjun Jiang Jinsheng Lai Zhaobo Lang Chenlong Li Qing Li Xingwang Li Bao Liu Bing Liu Xiao Luo Yijun Qi Weiqiang Qian Guodong Ren Qingxin Song Xianwei Song Zhixi Tian Jiawei Wang Yuan Wang Liang Wu Zhe Wu Rui Xia Jun Xiao Lin Xu Zhengyi Xu Wenhao Yan Hongchun Yang Jixian Zhai Yijing Zhang Yusheng Zhao Xuehua Zhong Daoxiu Zhou Ming Zhou Yue Zhou Bo Zhu Jiankang Zhu Qikun Liu College of Life Sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Biology Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed Hunan University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking University State key laboratory for conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural University National Institute of biological Sciences key laboratory of Seed Innovation Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University key laboratory of Seed Innovation State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences State key laboratory of Wheat Improvement Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang State key laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life Sciences Henan University State key laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding National Maize Improvement Center Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding China Agricultural University Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural University Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed laboratory Institute of Advan

Epigenetic mechanisms are integral to plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental stimuli. Over the past two decades,our comprehension of these complex regulatory processes has expanded remarkably, producing a substantial body of knowledge on both locus-specific mechanisms and genome-wide regulatory patterns. Studies initially grounded in the model plant Arabidopsis have been broadened to encompass a diverse array of crop species, revealing the multifaceted roles of epigenetics in physiological and agronomic traits. With recent technological advancements, epigenetic regulations at the single-cell level and at the large-scale population level are emerging as new focuses. This review offers an in-depth synthesis of the diverse epigenetic regulations, detailing the catalytic machinery and regulatory functions. It delves into the intricate interplay among various epigenetic elements and their collective influence on the modulation of crop traits. Furthermore, it examines recent breakthroughs in technologies for epigenetic modifications and their integration into strategies for crop improvement. The review underscores the transformative potential of epigenetic strategies in bolstering crop performance, advocating for the development of efficient tools to fully exploit the agricultural benefits of epigenetic insights.

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Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on growth and reactive oxygen metabolism of tomato fruits under low saline conditions

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BIOCELL 2022年第12期46卷 2575-2582页

作者： WEI ZHOU MENGMENG ZHANG KEZHANG TAO XIANCAN ZHU anhui Provincial key laboratory of the conservation and Exploitation of biological resources College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhu241000China

Land salinization is a major form of land degradation,which is not conducive to the growth and quality of fruits and *** salt tolerance can be enhanced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)or plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR).This study examined the effects of inoculation with PGPR singly or in combination with AMF,on the growth and quality of tomato fruits under low saline *** were cultivated in a greenhouse with sterilized soil,inoculated with PGPR,AMF,or co-inoculated with PGPR and AMF,and NaCl solution(1%)was added to the *** results indicated that AMF+PGPR decreased the roots and shoot biomass accumulation,and increased the number and fresh biomass in tomato fruits to a certain extent compared with non-inoculated *** and AMF mediated the level of reactive oxygen and lipid peroxidation,the accumulation of antioxidants,and the activity of antioxidant enzymes,including proanthocyanidins,flavonoids,ascorbic acid,superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,and total antioxidant ***,PGPR,AMF,and PGPR+AMF improved the overall osmotic adjustments and accumulation of soluble sugars and soluble ***,the AMF-Funneliformis mosseae and PGPR-Bacillus subtilis can potentially alleviate the adverse effects of salt stress and be applied as a biofertilizer in agricultural practice.

关键词： Salt stress Antioxidants Osmotic adjustments Biofertilizer

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Habitat Suitability and Distribution Pattern Response to Global Climate Change in a Widespread Species,the Asiatic Toad(Bufo gargarizans)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2023年第2期14卷 138-146页

作者： Liuyang YANG Lixin HUANG Huabin ZHANG Pingshin LEE Naijing ZHANG Ruiqing CAI En LI Tao PAN Xiaobing WU College of Life Sciences Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000AnhuiChina anhui Provincial key laboratory of the conservation and Exploitation of biological resources Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000AnhuiChina

The distribution and diversity of the species are closely related to the global *** the most widely distributed species of Bufonidae in China,the study of the distribution pattern and habitat suitability of the Asiatic toad under climate change can help us understand the reply pattern of Bufonidae habitat to climate ***,combined with the Maxent model and GIS technology,the effects of climate change on the distribution pattern and habitat suitability of the Asiatic toad were comprehensively *** results show that the rainfall during the wettest season(Bio16)and the mean temperature of the driest season(Bio9)have a considerable impact on the distribution of the Asiatic *** the next 30 to 50 years,across the overall spacial scale of the Chinese mainland,the habitat of the Asiatic toad will be primarily in the eastern part of China and less in south part,while its distribution area will expand to the midwest and northwest parts of ***,the area in which it can be distributed will be reduced and suitable habitat will shift to some regions of higher latitude and *** a word,we systematically analyzed the changes of the distribution pattern and habitat suitability of the Asiatic toad with climate change,and we aim to provide data on how climatic variation may impact amphibians.

关键词： barycenter migration climate change distribution Maxent the Asiatic toad

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Scientific footprints: In memory of crocodile expert,Professor Bi-Hui Chen(1931–2022)

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Zoological Research 2022年第6期43卷 923-926页

作者： Xiao-Bing Wu anhui Provincial key laboratory of the conservation and Exploitation of biological resources College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhui 241000China

At 10:00 am on 28 August 2022,we received the sad news that our beloved supervisor,Professor Bi-Hui Chen(陈壁辉),a world-renowned expert on the Chinese alligator(Alligator sinensis),passed away from multiple organ failure at the age of 91(Figure 1).Professor Bi-Hui Chen was born in September 1931 in Pinghe County,Fujian Province,China.

关键词： sinensis Figure expert

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Immunohistochemical study on gastrointestinal endocrine cells of four reptiles

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第35期11卷 5498-5505页

作者： Xu-Gen Huang Xiao-Bing Wu key Laboratories on conservationand Use of important biological resources of anhui Province Collegeof Life Science Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241000 AnhuiProvince China

AIM： To darify the types, regional distributions and distribution densities as well as morphological features of gastrointestinal （GI） endocrine cells in various parts of the gastrointestinal track （GIT） of four reptiles, Gekko japonicus, Eumeces chinensis, Sphenomorphus indicus and Eumeces elegans. METHODS： Paraffin-embedded sections （5μm） of seven parts （cardia, fundus, pylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, rectum） of GIT dissected from the four reptiles were prepared. GI endocrine cells were revealed by using immunohistochemical techniques of streptavidin-peroxidase （S-P） method. Seven types of antisera against 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）, somatostatin （SS）, gastrin （GAS）, glucagon （GLU）, substance P （SP）, insulin and pancreatic polypeptide were identified and then GI endocrine cells were photomicrographed and counted. RESULTS： The GI endocrine system of four reptiles was a complex structure containing many endocrine cell types similar in morphology to those found in higher vertebrates. Five types of GI endocrine cells, namely 5-HT, SS, GAS, SP and GLU immunoreactive （IR） cells were identified in the GIT of G. faponicus, E. chinensis and S. indicus, while in the GIT of E. elegans only the former three types of endocrine cells were observed. No PP- and INS- IR cells were found in all four reptiles. 5-HT-IR cells, which were most commonly found in the pylorus or duodenum, distributed throughout the whole GIT of four reptiles. However, their distribution patterns varied from each other. SS-IR ceils, which were mainly found in the stomach especially in the pylorus and/or fundus, were demonstrated in the whole GIT of E. chinensis, only showed restricted distribution inthe other three species. GAS-IR cells, with a much restricted distribution, were mainly demonstrated in the pylorus and/or the proximal small intestine of four reptiles. GLU-IR cells exhibited a limited and species-dependent variant distribution in the GIT of four reptiles. SP-IR cells were found throughout

关键词： Immunohistochemistry Gastrointestinal tract Endocrine cells Distribution patterns Four reptiles

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Study of the tolerance of Hippochaete ramosissimum to Cu stress

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第Z1期48卷 150-155页

作者： LIU Dengyi, LI Ying, CHU Ling, WANG Guanglin & WANG Lilong Biodiversity Research Center, anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China The Provincial key laboratory of conservation and Exploitation of biological resources in anhui, Wuhu 241000, China Biodiversity Research Center Anhui Normal University Wuhu China The Provincial key laboratory of conservation and Exploitation of biological resources in anhui Wuhu China

We investigated the tolerance of Hippochaete ramosissimum and the changes in physiological metabolism following exposure to copper using pot experiments and analyzing plant physiology and biochemistry. The results showed that Cu tolerance in Hippochaete ramosissimum varied significantly between different populations; the tolerance of plants living in Cu polluted areas for extended periods of time exceeded that of plants living in unpolluted *** and POD activities in highly Cu tolerant plants increased noticeably following exposure to Cu. This indicates that maintaining and increasing the two kinds of protective enzyme activities are the primary foundations of plant tolerance. However, no change in CAT activity was demonstrated following Cu exposure. In summary, there existed considerable differences in physiological metabolism between different populations of Hippochaete ramosissimum following exposure to Cu.

关键词： Hippochaete ramosissimum, tolerance, Cu stress.

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