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Associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and academic achievement in Australian primary school-aged children

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第4期11卷 521-529页

作者： Amanda Watson Dorothea Dumuid Carol Maher Tim Olds alliance for research in exercise Nutrition and Activity(ARENA)Allied Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSA5001Australia

Background:Few studies have investigated associations between academic achievement and meeting recommendations from the 24-hour(24-h)movement *** specific guidelines associated with the most benefit academic achievement are *** both self-report and objective movement data,this study examined associations between academic achievement and meeting individual recommendations and combinations of recommendations from the 24-h movement guidelines(sleep,physical activity,and screen time).Methods:Data from CheckPoint,a cross-sectional study nested between Waves 6 and 7 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children,were *** behaviors were measured using 24-h wrist-worn accelerometry(GENEActiv(Activinsights,Kimbolton,UK))and were selfreported by children using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and *** achievement was measured using a nationally administered standardized test in literacy and *** of covariance,with t tests with sequential Bonferroni adjustments,was used to compare academic achievement with all possible combinations of meeting recommendations,adjusting for demographic *** models were considered:guideline compliance assessed by self-report(n=1270,mean age=11.99 years,52%males)and by accelerometry(for moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA)and sleep))and self-report(screen time)in combination(n=927,mean age=11.97 years,52%males).Results:Literacy achievement significantly differed based on self-report(F_((7,1258))=3.08,p=0.003)and accelerometer derived(F_((7,915))=2.40,p=0.02)guideline *** achievement significantly differed based on self-report(F_((7,1258))=2.92,p=0.005)but not accelerometer derived guideline compliance(F_((7,915))=0.80,p=0.58).When assessed by self-report,children who met all guidelines(t_((334))=-4.05,p=0.0001)or met the screen time and sleep guidelines in combination(t_((125))=-5.02,p<0.001)had superior literacy ***

关键词： Academic achievement Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep

A new family of carbonaceous cathodes for rechargeable batteries through electronic structure tuning engineering

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National Science Review 2021年第2期8卷 7-8页

作者： Michel Armand Centre for Cooperative research on Alternative Energies Basque Research and Technology Alliance

Electric vehicles(EVs) and grid storage for renewable energies will require batteries in tens of millions of tons, and thus they need to be sustainable. EVs call also for batteries with higher energy density than currently available, and this value is intrinsically limited by the properties of the transition metal oxide(TMO) cathodes [1]. There are two possible strategies to overcome these limitations: i) increase the operating voltage in the >4.4 V range; and ii) attempt to use more than one electron per transition metal [2]. The first strategy faces problems of electrolyte stability limit and oxygen evolution, and thus safety hazards. The second is limited to vanadium and nickel, but using only1.3 electrons for the former,

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Enhancing first-principles simulations of complex solid-state ion conductors using topological analysis of procrystal electron density

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1777-1786页

作者： Andrey Golov Javier Carrasco Centre for Cooperative research on Alternative Energies(CIC energiGUNE) Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)01510Vitoria-GasteizSpain

Atomistic-level understanding of ion migration mechanisms holds the key to design high-performance solid-state ion conductors for a breadth of electrochemical ***-principles simulations play an important role in this ***,these methods are generally computationally-intensive,with limited access to complex,low-symmetry structures,such as *** we show how topological analysis of the procrystal electron density can be applied to efficiently mitigate this *** discuss how this methodology goes beyond current state of the art capabilities and demonstrate this with two *** the first,we examine Li-ion transport across grain boundaries in Li_(3)ClO ***,we compute diffusion coefficients as a function of charge carrier concentration in spinel LiTiS_(2) electrode *** two case studies do not exhaust the opportunities and might constitute motivations for still more complex applied materials.

关键词： analysis state holds

Temperature and Input Energy Dependence of the 946-nm Stimulated Emission Cross Section of Nd^(3+):YAG Pumped by a Flashlamp

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第3期29卷 104-106页

作者： Seyed Ebrahim Pourmand Noriah Bidin Hazri Bakhtiar Laser research Group Nanotechnology Research AllianceAdvance Photonic Science InstituteFaculty of ScienceUniversity TeknologiMalaysia

The thermal effect on the laser transition at 946nm is *** temperature of the cooling system is verified in the range 2-60℃.A Nd:YAG laser crystal is utilized as a gain medium and is pumped by a newly developed *** variable pumping energy is accomplished within the 5-40 d *** stimulated emission cross section of the 946-nm line is estimated based on the fluorescence spectrum of the Nd:YAG *** stimulated emission cross section of the 946-nm line is found to be inversely proportional to the temperature and to the input energy due to the increase of the thermal population at the ground level.

关键词： Nd:YAG pumped pumping

Growth of small diameter multi-walled carbon nanotubes by arc discharge process

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Chinese Physics B 2014年第3期23卷 412-417页

作者： K.T.Chaudhary J.Ali P.P.Yupapin Institute of Advanced Photonics Science (APSI) Nanotechnology Research Alliance Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310Johor Bahru Malaysia Nanoscale Science and research alliance (N’SERA) Faculty of Science King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） are grown by arc discharge method in a controlled methane environment. The arc discharge is produced between two graphite electrodes at the ambient pressures of 100 tort, 300 torr, and 500 torr. Arc plasma parameters such as temperature and density are estimated to investigate the influences of the ambient pressure and the contributions of the ambient pressure to the growth and the structure of the nanotubes. The plasma temperature and density are observed to increase with the increase in the methane ambient pressure. The samples of MWCNT synthesized at different ambient pressures are analyzed using transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. An increase in the growth of MWCNT and a decrease in the inner tube diameter are observed with the increase in the methane ambient pressure.

关键词： electric discharge arc plasma temperature and density carbon nanotubes

Islands of misfit buildings: Detecting uncharacteristic electricity use behavior using load shape clustering

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Building Simulation 2021年第1期14卷 119-130页

作者： Matias Quintana Pandarasamy Arjunan Clayton Miller National University of Singapore SingaporeSingapore Berkeley Education alliance for research in Singapore(BEARS) SingaporeSingapore

Many energy performance analysis methodologies assign buildings a descriptive label that represents their main activity,often known as the primary space usage(PSU).This attribute comes from the intent of the design team based on assumptions of how the majority of the spaces in the building will be *** reality,the way a building’s occupants use the spaces can be different than what was *** the recent growth of hourly electricity meter data from the built environment,there is the opportunity to create unsupervised methods to analyze electricity consumption behavior to understand whether the PSU assigned is *** or oversimplification of the use of the building is possible using these labels when applied to simulation inputs or benchmarking *** work towards accurate characterization of a building’s utilization,we propose a modular methodology for identifying potentially mislabeled buildings using distance-based clustering analysis based on hourly electricity consumption *** method seeks to segment buildings according to their daily behavior and predict which ones are misfits according to their assigned PSU *** process finds potentially uncharacteristic behavior that could be an indication of mixed-use or a misclassified *** results on two public data sets,from the Building Data Genome(BDG)Project and Washington DC(DGS),with 507 and 322 buildings respectively,show that 26%and 33%of these buildings are potentially mislabelled based on their load shape *** information provides a more realistic insight into their true consumption characteristics,enabling more accurate simulation *** of this process and a discussion of limitations and reproducibility are included.

关键词： uncharasteristic behaviour building energy use building energy benchmarking building performance rating primary-use-type analysis load profile clustering

Built-in Risk:Linking Housing Concerns and Flood Risk in Subsidized Housing Settlements in Cape Town, South Africa

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第4期5卷 313-322页

作者： Robyn Pharoah research alliance for Disaster and Risk Reduction(RADAR) Stellenbosch UniversityMatieland 7602South Africa

As in many other settings in developing countries, discussions on urban flooding in South Africa tend to focus on informal settlements. There is less attention to poor but formal housing areas, based on the largely untested assumption that the formalization of housing addresses risk. This is at odds with an extensive literature from the housing and developmental sectors that highlights weaknesses in the location and construction of low-income housing, particularly state-subsidized housing. Drawing on research in 10 poor, flood-prone settlements in Cape Town,South Africa, this article explores whether providing housing addresses risk. The results show that flooding remains a challenge in subsidized housing areas and that risk is linked strongly to the buildings themselves. Poorly designed and constructed dwellings perpetuate risk in lowincome areas. While divorced conceptually and practically,disaster risk and housing issues are critically linked, and housing concerns must be factored into discussions on flooding in Cape Town and comparable settings elsewhere.

关键词： Cape Town Flood risk Subsidized housing Urban housing

Adaptation Decision Support: An Application of System Dynamics Modeling in Coastal Communities

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第4期8卷 374-389页

作者： Daniel Lane Shima Beigzadeh Richard Moll C-Change International Community-University Research Alliance (ICURA) Telfer School of Management University of Ottawa

This research develops and applies a system dynamics(SD) model for the strategic evaluation of environmental adaptation options for coastal communities. The article defines and estimates asset-based measures for community vulnerability, resilience, and adaptive capacity with respect to the environmental, economic, social, and cultural pillars of the coastal community under threat. The SD model simulates the annual multidimensional dynamic impacts of severe coastal storms and storm surges on the community pillars under alternative adaptation *** calculation of the quantitative measures provides valuable information for decision makers for evaluating the alternative strategies. The adaptation strategies are designed model results illustrated for the specific context of the coastal community of Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada. The dynamic trend of the measures and model sensitivity analyses for Charlottetown—facing increased frequency of severe storms, storm surges, and sea-level rise—provide impetus for enhanced community strategic planning for the changing coastal *** research is presented as part of the International Community-University research alliance C-Change project ‘‘Managing Adaptation to Environmental Change in Coastal Communities: Canada and the Caribbean'' sponsored by the Social Science and Humanities research Council of Canada and the International Development Resource Centre.

关键词： Canada Charlottetown Climate change adaptation Coastal community resilience Coastal community vulnerability System dynamics model

Reasons why older adults play sport:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2020年第6期9卷 530-541页

作者： Brad J.Stenner Jonathan D.Buckley Amber D.Mosewich alliance for research in exercise Nutrition and Activity(ARENA)School of Health SciencesUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaide 5000Australia Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonT6G 2R3Canada

Background:Despite the known contribution of sport to health and well-being,sport participation declines in older ***,for some people,sport continues to play an important role in older age and may contribute to improved health and well-being in older *** the health-related benefits of participating in sport are commonly reported,the reasons why some older adults continue to play sport are not well *** systematic review aimed to(1)identify studies from the literature that evaluated the reasons why older adults(aged 55 years and older)participate in sport and(2)synthesize and discuss the reasons for their participation reported in the ***:Searches of the electronic databases Embase,Medline,PsycInfo,PubMed,and SPORTDiscus were *** were included that evaluated reasons for sport participation in adults aged 55 years and older because this is the age at which sport participation has been reported to begin *** studies included in this review used qualitative,quantitative,or mixed methods designs,were peer reviewed,and were published in the English language before the search date(20 January 2019).Results:A total of 1732 studies were *** exclusions,30 studies were included in the review(16 qualitative,10 quantitative,and 4 mixed methods).The review presents several features and findings from the studies,including a description and systematization of the reasons for participating in sport and the main reasons that participants gave for participating in sport(maintaining health,feeling and being part of a community,and taking advantage of opportunities to develop relationships).Other reasons included competing and attaining a feeling of achievement,taking advantage of opportunities for travel,and being part of a *** was identified as contributing to the overall experience of successful *** were few comparative differences for participating in sport,and there were only small diffe

关键词： Competition Health Social engagement Successful ageing Team