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ntegrated approach to winery waste： waste generation and data consolidation

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 168-176页

作者： Margarida OLIVEIRA Elizabeth DUARTE Instituto Superior de agronomia (ISA) University of Lisbon 1349-017 Lisboa Portugal Escola Superior Agrairia de Santarem (ESAS) Instituto Superior Politecnico de Santarem 2001-904 Santarem Portugal

The winemaking process involves the genera- tion of a significant amount of waste and wastewater. These residues should be addressed for recycling or treatment before being returned to environment. As each winery is unique in waste generation and disposal, plans for environmentally friendly waste management are not universal and should be tested for their effectiveness. In this study, a diagnostic was made during three years, in different wineries, throughout Portugal, in order to quantify and characterize the waste and the wastewater produced. The results showed that solid waste and wastewater are mainly produced during the harvest period, corresponding to 74% and 87%, respectively. One ton of processed grape approximately produce 0.13 t marc, 0.06 t lees, 0.03 t of stalks and 1.65 m3 of wastewater. No significant differences （P≤0.05） were observed for grape marc, lees and wastewater ratios, between years or wineries. With respect to the stalk ratio, there was no effect of year but the winery significantly affected this ratio （P ≤ 0.05）. During the study period the treated wastewater, since diluted, revealed suitable characteristics for irrigation representing an additional source of water. In this regard, the data acquisition and consolidation ensure the transfer of information and experience which constitute an essential step in a support decision tool design.

关键词： waste management wastewater reuse winerywastewater

Abscisic Acid, High-Light, and Oxidative Stress Down-Regulate a Photosynthetic Gene via a Promoter Motif Not Involved in Phytochrome- Mediated Transcriptional Regulation

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Molecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 75-83页

作者： Roberto J. Staneloni Maria Jose Rodriguez-Batiller Jorge J. Casal Fundacion Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET C1405BWE-Buenos Aires Argentina IFEVA Facultad de Agronomia Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET 1417 Buenos Aires Argentina

In etiolated seedlings, light perceived by phytochrome promotes the expression of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein of photosystem Ⅱ （Lhcb） genes. However, excess of photosynthetically active radiation can reduce Lhcb expression. Here, we investigate the convergence and divergence of phytochrome, high-light stress and abscisic acid （ABA） signaling, which could connect these processes. Etiolated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings bearing an Lhcb promoter fused to a reporter were exposed to continuous far-red light to activate phytochrome and not photosynthesis, and treated with ABA. We identified a cis-acting region of the promoter required for down-regulation by ABA. This region contains a CCAC sequence recently found to be necessary for ABI4-binding to an Lhcb promoter. However, we did not find a G-box-binding core motif often associated with the ABI4-binding site in genes promoted by light and repressed by ABI4. Mutations involving this motif also impaired the responses to reduced water potential, the response to high photosynthetic light and the response to methyl viologen but not the response to low temperature or to Norflurazon. We propose a model based on current and previous findings, in which hydrogen peroxide produced in the chloroplasts under high light conditions inter- acts with the ABA signaling network to regulate Lhcb expression. Since the mutation that affects high-light and methyl viologen responses does not affect phytochrome-mediated responses, the regulation by retrograde and phytochrome signaling can finally be separated at the target promoter level.

关键词： Abscisic Acid High-Light Oxidative Stress Down-Regulate Photosynthetic Gene

Auxin as a Model for the Integration of Hormonal Signal Processing and Transduction

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Molecular Plant 2008年第2期1卷 229-237页

作者： W.D. Teale F.A. Ditengou A.D. Dovzhenko X. Li A.M. Molendijk B. Ruperti I. Paponov K. Palme Institute of Biology Ⅱ Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg D-79104 Freiburg Germanya Dipartimento di agronomia Ambientale e Produzioni Vegetali Agripolis University of Padova viale dell'Universita 16 35020 Legnaro Italy

The regulation of plant growth responds to many stimuli. These responses allow environmental adaptation, thereby increasing fitness. In many cases, the relay of information about a plant＇s environment is through plant hormones. These messengers integrate environmental information into developmental pathways to determine plant shape. This re- view will use, as an example, auxin in the root ofArabidopsis thaliana to illustrate the complex nature of hormonal signal processing and transduction. It will then make the case that the application of a systems-biology approach is necessary, if the relationship between a plant＇s environment and its growth/developmental responses is to be properly understood.

关键词： Auxin as a Model Integration Processing and Transduction

Effects of "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum"(haplotype B)on Bactericera cockerelli fitness and vitellogenesis

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Insect Science 2020年第1期27卷 58-68页

作者： Angelica Albuquerque Tomilhero Frias Freddy Ibanez Azucena Mendoza William Mario de Carvalho Nunes Cecilia Tamborindeguy Department of Entomology Texas A&M University412 Heep CenterCollege StationTexasUSA DEM-Depto.de agronomia Nucleo de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia AplicadaMaringaBrazil

"Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum"(Lso)are phloem-restricted and unculturable Gram-negative *** five haplotypes have been identified worldwide;but only haplotypes A and B are associated with the vector Bactericera cockerelli(Sulc.)in the *** studies showed that Lso-infection reduces *** reproductive output and that Lso haplotype B is more pathogenic than Lso haplotype *** understand the interaction of Lso haplotype B and ***,the fitness of Lso-free and Lso B-infected insects,and the expression of vitellogenin(5cKg7-like),a gene involved directly in the insect reproduction were *** differences in the number of eggs oviposited,and the total number of progeny nymphs and adults were found among crosses of insects with or without *** differences in sex proportions were found between Lso B-infected and Lso-free crosses:a higher proportion of Fi adult females were obtained from Lso B-infected mothers.A significant reduction of BcVgl-like was observed in crosses performed with Lso B-infected females compared to the Lso-free *** female cohorts of different age,a significant reduction of BcVgl-like expression was measured in 7-d-old Lso B-infected females(virgin and mated)compared with 7-d-old Lso-free females(virgin and mated),*** reduction of BcVgl-like transcript was associated with a lower number of developing oocytes observed in female5s reproductive ***,this study represents the first step to understand the interaction of Lso B with ***,highlighting the effect of Lso B infection on egg production,BcVgl-like expression,and oocyte development.

关键词： feminization insect-pathogen interaction oviposition psyllids reproduction vitellogenesis

Diurnal Dependence of Growth Responses to Shade in Arabidopsis： Role of Hormone, Clock, and Light Signaling

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Molecular Plant 2012年第3期5卷 619-628页

作者： Romina Sellaro Manuel Pacin Jorge J. Casal IFEVA Facultad de Agronomia Universidad de Buenos Aires and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Te＇cnicas Av. San Martin 4453 1417 Buenos Aires Argentina

We investigated the diurnal dependence of the hypocotyl-growth responses to shade under sunlight-night cycles in Arabidopsis thaliana. Afternoon shade events promoted hypocotyl growth, while morning shade was ineffective. The Ihy-D, elf3, lux, pif4 pifS, tocl, and quadruple della mutants retained the response to afternoon shade and the lack of response to morning shade while the Ihyccal mutant responded to both morning and afternoon shade. ThephyB mutant, plants overexpressing the multidrug resistance-like membrane protein ABCB19, and the iaa17/axr3 loss-of-function mutant failed to respond to shade. Transient exposure of sunlight-grown seedlings to synthetic auxin in the afternoon caused a stronger promotion of hypocotyl growth than morning treatments. The promotion of hypocotyl growth by afternoon shade or afternoon auxin required light perceived by phytochrome A or cryptochromes during the previous hours of the photoperiod. Although the ELF4-ELF3-LUX complex, PIF4, PIF5, and DELLA are key players in the generation of diurnal hypocotyl-growth patterns, they exert a minor role in the control of the diurnal pattern of growth responses to shade. We conclude that the strong diurnal dependency of hypocotyl-growth responses to shade relates to the balance between the antagonistic actions of LHY-CCA1 and a light-derived signal.

关键词： shade avoidance hypocotyl growth diurnal auxin LHY CCA1 PIF3 PIF4 PIF5 ELF3 LUX DELLA circadian clock

Nutritional and Health Benefits of Carrots and Their Seed Extracts

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第22期5卷 2147-2156页

作者： Joao Carlos da Silva Dias Instituto Superior de agronomia University of LisbonLisboaPortugal

Carrot is a root vegetable with carotenoids, flavonoids, polyacetylenes, vitamins, and minerals, all of which possess numerous nutritional and health benefits. Besides lending truth to the old adage that carrots are good for eyes, carotenoids, polyphenols and vitamins present in carrot act as antioxidants, anticarcinogens, and immunoenhancers. Anti-diabetic, cholesterol and cardiovascular disease lowering, anti-hypertensive, hepatoprotective, renoprotective, and wound healing benefits of carrot have also been reported. The cardio- and hepatoprotective, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects of carrot seed extracts are also noteworthy. All are discussed in this review article.

关键词： Daucus carota Chemical Composition Antioxidants Phytochemicals Disease Prevention

Microbiological assessment of street foods at the point of sale in Maputo(Mozambique)

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Food Quality and Safety 2021年第1期5卷 22-30页

作者： Acacio Salamandaneu Ana Carla Silva Luisa Brito Manuel Malfeito-Ferreira Linking Landscape EnvironmentAgriculture and Food(LEAF)Research CentreInstituto Superior de AgronomiaUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal Faculdade de Ciencias de Saude Universidade LurioBairro de MarrereNampulaMozambique

Objectives:The aim of this study was to assess the microbiological quality and safety of street food sold in the main streets and informal markets of Maputo,the capital of *** and Methods:From 83 different vendors selling different types of foods,83 samples of ready-to-eat(RTE)street food were ***,Escherichia coli and total coliforms were used as quality and hygiene *** monocytogenes(***)Salmonella and coagulase-positive staphylococc were used as food safety ***:High proportions of unsatisfactory food samples were found in both traditional hot(76.7%)and cold(75%)*** and Salmonella were tested negative in this ***,when coagulase-positive staphylococci was used as a food safety indicator,approximately 25%(23/83)of the food samples analyzed were classified as unsatisfactory/potentially ***:These results,showing that street food sold in Maputo clearly requires adequate sanitary conditions for its preparation and sale,contribute to the development of good manufacturing practices(GMP)for street food in Maputo,*** is the first report on the microbiological quality and safety of street food in Mozambique.

关键词： ready-to-eat street food Escherichia coli coagulase-positive staphylococcr good manufacturing practices good hygiene practices

Plant Breeding for Harmony between Modern Agriculture Production and the Environment

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 87-116页

作者： Joao Carlos da Silva Dias Instituto Superior de agronomia University of LisbonLisbonPortugal

The world population is estimated to be 9.2 billion in 2050. To sufficiently feed these people, the total food production will have to increase 60% - 70%. Climate models predict that warmer tem-peratures and increases in the frequency and duration of drought during the present century will have negative impact on agricultural productivity. These new global challenges require a more complex integrated agricultural and breeding agenda that focuses on livelihood improvement coupled with agro-ecosystem resilience, eco-efficiency and sustainability rather than just on crop productivity gains. Intensifying sustainability agro-ecosystems by producing more food with lower inputs, adapting agriculture to climate change, conserving agro-biodiversity through its use, and making markets to work for the small farmers are needed to address the main issues of our time. Plant breeding has played a vital role in the successful development of modern agriculture. Development of new cultivars will be required while reducing the impact of agriculture on the environment and maintaining sufficient production. Conventional plant breeding will remain the backbone of crop improvement strategies. Genetic engineering has the potential to address some of the most challenging biotic constraints faced by farmers, which are not easily addressed through conventional plant breeding alone. Protective measures and laws, especially patenting, must be moderated to eliminate coverage so broad that it stifles innovation. They must be made less restrictive to encourage research and free flow of materials and information. Small farmers have an important role in conserving and using crop biodiversity. Public sector breeding must remain vigorous, especially in areas where the private sector does not function. This will often require benevolent public/private partnerships as well as government support. Active and positive connections between the private and public breeding sectors and large-scale gene banks ar

关键词： Breeding Modern Agriculture Climate Changes Biodiversity Environment Ecosystems Transgenic Crops Small Farmers

Nutritional Quality and Effect on Disease Prevention of Vegetables

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第4期10卷 369-402页

作者： Joao Silva Dias University of Lisbon Instituto Superior de AgronomiaTapada da AjudaLisboaPortugal

Vegetables have remarkable nutritional and health benefits. There are good reasons to include vegetables in human diet since they are enriched in bioactive compounds and by this reason they may help reduce the risk of some diseases. In this paper it was analyzed the nutrition quality and effect on disease prevention of vegetables. Each vegetable family and each vegetable contain a unique combination of bioactive compounds. The health benefit of vegetables should not be linked to one type of vegetable. It is presented some experimental research evidences that vegetables exert anti-oxidative, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic and cardiovascular disease lowering effects. The mechanism by which vegetable bioactive compounds decrease the risk of some of these diseases is complex and sometimes unknown.

关键词： Vegetables Health Benefits Healthier Life Nutrition ANDI Bioactive Compounds Antioxidants Dietary Fiber Vitamins Minerals Phytochemicals