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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 76-86页

作者： Tingting Hou Yujie Zhou Rongchun Du Jiali Liu Weiguang Li Shumei Zhang Muzi Li Junhong Chu Liqiang Meng institute of Microbiology Heilongjiang Academy of SciencesHarbin 150010China Hebei University of Environmental Engineering Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological SafetyQinhuangdao 066102China School of Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China

In this study,high temperature thermotolerant nitrifying bacteria(TNB)and high temperature thermotolerant sulfide oxidizing bacteria(TSOB)were obtained from compost samples and inoculated into sewage sludge(SS)*** effects of inoculation on physical and chemical parameters,ammonia and hydrogen sulfide release,nitrogen form and sulfur compound content change and physical-chemical properties during nitrogen and sulfur conversion were *** results showed that inoculation of TNB and TSOB increased the temperature,pH,OM degradation,C/N ratio and germination index(GI)of *** with the control treatment(CK),the addition of inoculants reduced the release of NH3 and H2S,and transformed them into nitrogen and sulfur compounds,the hydrolysis of polymeric ferrous sulfate was promoted,resulting in relatively high content of sulfite and *** the same time,the physical and chemical properties of SS have a strong correlation with nitrogen and sulfur compounds.

关键词： Sewage sludge Composting Inoculation Thermotolerant nitrifying bacteria Thermotolerant sulfurized oxidizing bacteria

The underlying mechanism of variety–water–nitrogen–stubble damage interactions on yield formation in ratoon rice with low stubble height under mechanized harvesting

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 806-823页

作者： Jingnan Zou Ziqin Pang Zhou Li Chunlin Guo Hongmei Lin Zheng Li Hongfei Chen Jinwen Huang Ting Chen Hailong Xu Bin Qin Puleng Letuma Weiwei Lin Wenxiong Lin College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(FAFU)/Fujian Key Laboratory for Agroecological Processes and Safety MonitoringFuzhou 350002China College of Agriculture FAFU/Fujian Key Laboratory for Crop Physiology and Molecular EcologyFuzhou 350002China institute of Oceanography College of Geography and OceanographyMinjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China Crop Science Department The National University of LesothoRoma 00100Lesotho The Agricultural Extension Station of Pucheng County Nanping 353400China

Agronomic measures are the key to promote the sustainable development of ratoon rice by reducing the damage from mechanical crushing to the residual stubble of the main crop, thereby mitigating the impact on axillary bud sprouting and yield formation in ratoon rice. This study used widely recommended conventional rice Jiafuzhan and hybrid rice Yongyou 2640 as the test materials to conduct a four-factor block design field experiment in a greenhouse of the experimental farm of Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, China from 2018 to *** treatments included fertilization and no fertilization, alternate wetting and drying irrigation and continuous water flooding irrigation, and plots with and without artificial crushing damage on the rice stubble. At the same time, a 13C stable isotope in-situ detection technology was used to fertilize the pot experiment. The results showed significant interactions among varieties, water management, nitrogen application and stubble *** to the long-term water flooding treatment, the treatment with sequential application of nitrogen fertilizer coupled with moderate field drought for root-vigor and tiller promotion before and after harvesting of the main crop, significantly improved the effective tillers from low position nodes. This in turn increased the effective panicles per plant and grains per panicle by reducing the influence of artificial crushing damage on rice stubble and achieving a high yield of the regenerated rice. Furthermore, the partitioning of 13C assimilates to the residual stubble and its axillary buds were significantly improved at the mature stage of the main crop, while the translocation rate to roots and rhizosphere soil was reduced at the later growth stage of ratooning season rice. This was triggered by the metabolism of hormones and polyamines at the stem base regulated by the interaction of water and fertilizer at this time. We therefore suggest that to achieve a high yield of ratoon rice

关键词： mechanized harvesting ratoon rice rice stubble yield attributes

Whole-genome analysis reveals distinct adaptation signatures to diverse environments in Chinese domestic pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 1866-1880页

作者： Zhen Wang Bangmin Song Jianyu Yao Xingzheng Li Yan Zhang Zhonglin Tang Guoqiang Yi Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureKey Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi‑Omics of MARAAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518124China Kunpeng institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesFoshan 528226China School of Life Sciences Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Shenzhen Research institute of Henan University Shenzhen 518000China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Disease Research Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineHainan Academy of Agricultural SciencesHaikou 571100China Bama Yao Autonomous County Rural Revitalization Research institute Bama 547500China

Background Long-term natural and artificial selection has resulted in many genetic footprints within the genomes of pig breeds across distinct agroecological ***,the mechanisms by which these signatures contribute to phenotypic diversity and facilitate environmental adaptation remain *** Here,we leveraged whole-genome sequencing data from 82 individuals from 6 domestic pig breeds originating in tropical,high-altitude,and frigid *** genetic analysis suggested that habitat isolation significantly shaped the genetic diversity and contributed to population stratification in local Chinese pig *** of selection signals revealed regions under selection for adaptation in tropical(55.5 Mb),high-altitude(43.6 Mb),and frigid(17.72 Mb)*** potential functions of the selective sweep regions were linked to certain complex traits that might play critical roles in different geographic environments,including fat coverage in frigid environments and blood indicators in tropical and high-altitude *** genes under selection were significantly enriched in biological pathways involved in environmental *** pathways included blood circulation,protein degradation,and inflammation for adaptation to tropical environments;heart and lung development,hypoxia response,and DNA damage repair for high-altitude adaptation;and thermogenesis,cold-induced vasodilation(CIVD),and the cell cycle for adaptation to frigid *** examining the chromatin state of the selection signatures,we identified the lung and ileum as two candidate functional tissues for environmental ***,we identified a mutation(chr1:G246,175,129A)in the cis-regulatory region of ABCA1 as a plausible promising variant for adaptation to tropical *** In this study,we conducted a genome-wide exploration of the genetic mechanisms underlying the adaptability of local Chinese pig breeds to tropical,high-altitude

关键词： Environmental adaptation Local Chinese breeds Pig Population genetics Selection signals Whole-genome resequencing

Regional economic assessment of a novel place-based model for sustainable food systems

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 220-229页

作者： Susanna Kujala Kari Koppelmäki University of Helsinki Ruralia InstituteKampusranta 9 C 60320SeinäjokiFinland University of Helsinki Ruralia InstituteLönnrotinkatu 750100MikkeliFinland Wageningen University&Research Farming Systems Ecology GroupDroevendaalsesteeg 16708PBWageningenThe Netherlands

Several actions from both the environmental and human viewpoints have already been made to meet the sustainability goals targeted at food ***,new place-based ideas to improve sustainability are *** symbiosis(AES),a novel food system model,is an example of a suggested system-level change to attain sustainability targets;it is a symbiosis of food production and processing using renewable energy that uses its own *** has already been found advantageous from the ecological and biophysical viewpoints,but a regional economic evaluation of the model is still ***,the aim of our paper is to assess the regional economic impact of a possible systemic change in the food system using the network of agroecological symbiosis(NAES)as an *** applied scenarios representing different ways of moving towards envisioned NAES models in Mäntsälä,Finland,and a computable general equilibrium model to evaluate the regional economic *** to our results,both regional economy and employment would increase,and the regional production base would diversify with NAES implementation applied to the region,but the extent of the benefits varies between *** scenario that includes change in both public and private food demand,production of bioenergy and utilization of by-products would cause the largest ***,realizing NAES requires investments that may influence the actual implementation of such ***,a change towards NAES can promote an economically and spatially just transition to sustainability,as NAES seems to be economically most beneficial for rural areas.

关键词： Sustainability Regional economy Localized food system Renewable energy Circularity

Differential Proteomic Analysis of Leaf Development at Rice (Oryza sativa) Seedling Stage

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第9期7卷 1153-1160页

作者： SHAO Cai-hong LIU Guang-rong WANG Jing-yuan YUE Cai-fei LIN Wen-xiong agroecological institute Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 P.R.China Soil and Fertilizer institute Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanchang 330200 P.R.China

To identify the function of differential expression proteins in different leaves of rice seedlings extracted from 2- to 5-leaf stages, the leaf proteins at the seedling stage of hybrid rice Shanyou 63 were studied by using the approach of plant proteomics, and those proteins were separated with two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE） and then analyzed with an imagemaster 2D Elite 5.0. The results showed that the 41 protein spots were detected differential expression, of which 17 new protein spots appeared after the 3-leaf stage, including 9 special protein spots, which were only detected at the 3-leaf stage. Thirteen protein spots increased first and then decreased in expression abundance gradually and finally even disappeared. For the other 11 protein spots, 3 protein spots decreased, but 6 protein spots were opposite in expression abundance, however, 2 protein spots expressed in an irregular pattern after the 2-leaf stage. Of the 41 differential leaf proteins, 15 protein spots were identified by ESI-Q MS/MS and categorized into 4 groups of functions. The results indicated that proteins were the carriers of the functions in cells, but were significantly influenced by the changes in cell function or intercellular environment; hence, the reason that caused the proteomic changes as mentioned earlier might be related to the occurrence of tillers at the rice seedling stage after the 3-leaf stage.

关键词： rice tiller proteomics the differential expression of proteome

Rice allelopathy and its properties of molecular ecology

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Frontiers in Biology 2010年第3期5卷 255-262页

作者： Wenxiong LIN Changxun FANG Ting CHEN Ruiyu LIN Jun XIONG Haibin WANG Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology Ministry of EducationFuzhou 350002China agroecological institute/School of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Crop allelopathy is a promising and environmentally friendly method in weed control;however,the inducible genetic trait for allelopathy in the suppression of weeds needs to be overcome for practical *** study needs to be directed to this end to elucidate the molecular genetics and its physiologic *** this paper,the authors review recent advances in the investigation of rice allelopathy and its molecular regulatory mechanism,especially in responses to stressful conditions including biotic and abiotic factors in *** studies show that rice allelopathy could be enhanced when the rice accession was exposed to stressful conditions,and further analysis by the transcriptomics and proteomics approaches conducted in our laboratory indicated that the increase in allelopathic potential of rice,when exposed to the stresses,was attributed to increased expression level of genes involved in phenolic synthetic *** increasing phenolic compounds have been confirmed as the main allelochemicals and they jointly act to suppress the target,especially in responses to stressful condition,but it seems to be the primary effect in phenolic *** still wonder how the exudates from rice root,which were released into rhizosphere soil,are transformed by soil microorganism to produce the higher secondary effect of phenolic allelopathy in the suppression of ***,the authors suggest that rhizosphere biologic properties of allelopathy in rice and its mechanism are being the key research areas in the world now,and systems biology and its approaches,such as metagenomics and metaproteomics,would be helpful to reveal the process and its molecular ecological mechanism regarding rhizospheric biology of rice allelopathy.

关键词： Allelopathy rice molecular mechanism stress

Will Sustainable Food Sovereignty Research Be Sustainable in the Future?

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 165-186页

作者： Teck Choon Teo School of Business TMC Institute Tashkent Uzbekistan

The article proposes two agricultural paradigms to address global food production sustainability. First, precision agroecology may unite production-oriented and ecological agriculture, but it offers distinct solutions based on data, innovation, and decision-analysis technologies. The author demonstrates how precision technology and agroecological principles can transform agriculture by 1) minimizing inputs with optimization prescriptions, 2) replacing self-sustaining inputs with location variable rate technology, 3) integrating functional ecosystems into agroecosystems with exact preservation technology, 4) hooking up farmers and consumers via value-based food ecosystems, and 5) establishing equitable agroecology. Hence, precision agroecology provides a rare opportunity to integrate indigenous practices and contemporary technologies to revolutionize farming practices. Precision agroecology can tackle agriculture’s most serious sustainability issues in a world in flux.

关键词： Precision Agriculture Agroecology Biodiversity Food Systems

Arsenic methylation by an arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase from Spirulina platensis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 162-168页

作者： Yuqing Guo Ximei Xue Yu Yan Yongguan Zhu Guidi Yang Jun Ye Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences

Arsenic-contaminated water is a serious hazard for human health. Plankton plays a critical role in the fate and toxicity of arsenic in water by accumulation and *** platensis（S. platensis）, a typical plankton, is often used as a supplement or feed for pharmacy and aquiculture, and may introduce arsenic into the food chain, resulting in a risk to human health. However, there are few studies about how S. platensis biotransforms arsenic. In this study, we investigated arsenic biotransformation by S. platensis. When exposed to arsenite（As（Ⅲ））, S. platensis accumulated arsenic up to 4.1 mg/kg dry *** exposure to As（Ⅲ）, arsenate（As（Ⅴ）） was the predominant species making up 64% to86% of the total arsenic. Monomethylarsenate（MMA（Ⅴ）） and dimethylarsenate（DMA（Ⅴ））were also detected. An arsenite S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferase from S. platensis（Sp Ars M） was identified and characterized. Sp Ars M showed low identity with other reported Ars M enzymes. The Escherichia coli AW3110 bearing Spars M gene resulted in As（Ⅲ） methylation and conferring resistance to As（Ⅲ）. The in vitro assay showed that Sp Ars M exhibited As（Ⅲ） methylation activity. DMA（Ⅴ） and a small amount of MMA（Ⅴ） were detected in the reaction system within 0.5 hr. A truncated Sp Ars M derivative lacking the last 34 residues still had the ability to methylate As（Ⅲ）. The three single mutants of Sp Ars M（C59S, C186 S, and C238S） abolished the capability of As（Ⅲ） methylation, suggesting the three cysteine residues are involved in catalysis. We propose that Sp Ars M is responsible for As methylation and detoxification of As（Ⅲ） and may contribute to As biogeochemistry.

关键词： Spirulina platensis Arsenic Methylation Methyltransferase

Biochemical and microbial properties of rhizospheres under maize/ peanut intercropping

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第1期15卷 101-110页

作者： LI Qi-song Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology Ministry of Education/College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 P.R.China agroecological institute Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 P.R.China Department of Horticulture Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi 46300 Pakistan

Maize/peanut intercropping system shows the significant yield advantage. Soil microbes play major roles in soil nutrient cycling and were affected by intercropping plants. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the changing of rhizosphere microbial community composition, and the relationship between microbial community and soil enzymatic activities, soil nutrients in maize/peanut intercropping system under the following three treatments： maize （Zea mays L.） and peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.） were intercropped without any separation （NS）, by half separation （HS） using a nylon net （50 μm） and complete separation （CS） by using a plastic sheet, respectively. The soil microbial communities were assessed by phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA）. We found that soil available nutrients （available nitrogen （Avail N） and available phosphorus （Avail P）） and enzymatic activities （soil urase and phosphomonoesterase） in both crops were improved in NS and HS treatments as compared to CS. Both bacterial and fungal biomasses in both crops were increased in NS followed by HS. Furthermore, Gram-positive bacteria （G＋） in maize soils were significant higher in NS and HS than CS, while the Gram-negative （G-） was significant higher in peanut soil. The ratio of normal saturated to monounsaturated PLFAs was significantly higher in rhizosphere of peanut under CS treatment than in any other treatments, which is an indicator of nutrient stress. Redundancy analysis and cluster analysis of PLFA showed rhizospheric microbial community of NS and HS of both plants tended to be consistent. The urase and Avail N were higher in NS and HS of both plants and positively correlated with bacteria, fungi （F） and total PLFAs, while negatively correlated with G＋/G- and NS/MS. The findings suggest that belowground interactions in maize/peanut intercropping system play important roles in changing the soil microbial composition and the dominant microbial species, which was closely related with the improving of soil

关键词： maize/peanut intercropping phospholipid fatty acid soil nutrient soil enzymes

Physiological traits of rice seedlings in response to inorganic arsenic

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2009年第12期3卷 9-15,18页

作者： WANG Hai-bin TABG Gui-di LIN Zhi-hua CHEN Rong-shan LIU Chang-hui HE Hai-bin LIN Wen-xiong School of Life Sciences/agroecological institute Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China Key Laboratory of Biopestieide and Chemical Biology Ministry of Education Fuzhou 350002 China

The aim of our study was to better understand the different responses of rice seedling to different species of inorganic arsenic As203 （As（Ill）） and Na2HAsO4 （As（V））. Our results indicate that the biomass of rice seedling decreased as arsenic concentration increased, with the decrease being more significant at higher arsenic concentrations. In addition, the analysis of superoxide dimutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, and catalase （CAT） in rice roots and leaves showed that the activity of these three enzymes significantly decreased in rice tissues, especially in rice roots, as arsenic concentration was increased,. Further, the uptake and utilization efficiencies of N, P, and K were found to decrease as arsenic concentration was increased. However, the uptake and utilization efficiencies of P and K were mainly affected by As（IlI）, whereas those of N were mainly affected by As（V）. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP-MS） was used to assay arsenic accumulation in rice tissues; the results indicate that the arsenic content in rice tissues was enhanced when arsenic concentration was increased, especially in rice roots after arsenic treatment.

关键词： inorganic arsenic Rice(Oryza satica L.) physiological traits nutrition