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无机化学学报 1988年第4期 79-90页

作者： Lewandowski, W. Department of Physico-Chemical Analyses agricultural university of warsaw 02-528 warsaw Rakowiecka 26/30 Poland

In this paper,the aromaicity of some metal benzoates has been studied us-ing IR,Raman and UV spectroscopic *** bond frequencies in IR andRaman spectra of Hg(Ⅰ),Mg and K benzoates are summarised in table *** of Cr(Ⅲ),Fe(Ⅲ),Cu(Ⅱ),*** the aromatic system of benzoic acidwere *** is found that Cr(Ⅲ)iron(Ⅲ),Ianthanides and Al can stabi-lize this system.

关键词： aromaticity metal benzoate IR Raman UV spectroscopy

Influence of Long Term Fertilization with Different Mineral Fertilizers and Farmyard Manure on Some Soil Chemical Properties and Crop Yields *1

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Pedosphere 1998年第3期8卷 281-288页

作者： LIU DEHUI 1, J. LABETOWICZ 2 and L. KUSZELEWSKI 2 1 Nanjing agricultural university, Nanjing 210095 (China) 2 Department of agricultural Chemistry, warsaw agricultural university, warsaw 02 528 (Poland) (Received February 15, 1998 r Nanjing agricultural university Nanjing 210095 China Department of agricultural Chemistry Warsaw Agricultural University Warsaw OS-5S8 Poland

A long term fertilization experiment was carried out in an experimental field in Lyczyn near warsaw, Poland. Application ofmineral fertilizers, especially N fertilizers with and without farmyard manure accelerated the acidification process of the soil. Application of 1.6 t CaO ha -1 every four years was essential to maintenance of the soil pH KCl at 5.5～6.6 and base saturation degree above 60%. Application of 50 t farmyard manure ha -1 every 4 years, which contained 46 kg P and 240 kg K, was sufficient to maintain both the K and P fertility of the soil. Besides, it was beneficial to alleviating soil acidification. As a result of long term unbalanced fertilization, yield responses to N, P and K fertilizers increased significantly with time. The efficiency of N from farmyard manure was found to be comparable to that of N fertilizer during 1988～1991.

关键词： crop yield farmyard manure mineral fertilizers soil chemical properties

Changing the Moisture Content of the Spartina and Miscanthus and Willow Shoots during Storage in Natural Conditions

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Journal of agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2013年第7期3卷 469-479页

作者： Aleksander Lisowski Artur Ciechacki Michal Sypula Jacek Klonowski Jaroslaw Chlebowski Krzysztof Kostyra Tomasz Nowakowski Adam Struzyk Jan Kaminski Malgorzata Powalka Department of agricultural and Forest Machinery Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw 02-787 Poland Department of Production Management and Engineering Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw 02-787 Poland

The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of the distribution of energy plant moisture content along the height of their shoots and the dynamics of moisture during storage in natural conditions. The shoots of Spartina, Miscanthus and willow were used in the study. Entire shoots were cut into sections of 10 cm and for each set in monthly cycles for six months moisture content was evaluated. After a month＇s storage of freshly cut shoots the biggest decrease of content moisture in the shoots of Spartina and Miscanthus was recorded, by 31% and 22%, respectively, and the lowest in willow shoots （12%）. After sixth months of shoots storage the lowest moisture content （10%-12%） was reached in miscanthus. The most uneven moisture content along the height of shoots Spartina was characterized because on one third of the height from the bottom, the moisture content of shoots was 20%, and the top had moisture content in the range 5%-10%. Willow shoots were characterized by the smallest drop in moisture, and the final moisture content was about 23%, with the top part of moisture content of 10%-20%. The dynamics of moisture change during the six months of storage of grass shoots （Miscanthus and Spartina） in natural conditions under roofing was described by one power function regression, and willow by another one. Empirical models can be used to predict changes in moisture content of these plants in experiment conditions, since the coefficients of determination were 94.66% and 89.18%, respectively.

关键词： Spartina Miscanthus willow moisture content storage natural drying

The study of biological activity of transformation products of diclofenac and its interaction with chlorogenic acid

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第5期32卷 128-141页

作者： Marzena Matejczyk Piotr Ofman Katarzyna Dabrowska Renata Swislocka Wlodzimierz Lewandowski Bialystok university of Technology Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental SciencesDepartment of ChemistryBiology and Biotechnology15-341BialystokPoland Bialystok university of Technology Department of Environmental Engineering TechnologyBialystok15-341Poland Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of agricultural and Food Biotechnology Department of Microbiology02-532WarsawPoland

In the present work we compared the biological activity of DCF,4’-OHDCF and 5-OHDCF as molecules of most biodegradation pathways of DCF and selected transformation products(2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid;2,5-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and 2,6-dichloroaniline)which are produced during AOPs,such as ozonation and UV/H2 *** also examined the interaction of DCF with chlorogenic acid(CGA).CGA is commonly used in human diet and entering the environment along with waste mainly from the processing and brewing of coffee and it can be toxic for microorganisms included in activated *** the present experiment the evaluation of following parameters was performed:*** K-12 cells viability,growth inhibition of *** K-12 culture,LC50 and mortality of Chironomus aprilinus,ge no toxicity,sodA promoter induction and ROS *** addition the reactivity of *** SM recA:luxCDABE biosensor strain in wastewater matrices was *** results showed the influence of DCF,4’-OHDCF and 5-OHDCF on *** K-12 cells viability and bacteria growth,comparable to AOPs *** highest toxicity was observed for selected,tested AOPs by-products,in comparison to the DCF,4’-OHDCF and *** assay indicated that 2,6-dichloroaniline(AOPs by-product)had the highest toxic *** oxidative stress assays revealed that the highest level of ROS generation and sodA promoter induction were obtained for DCF,4’-OHDCF and 5-OHDCF,compared to other tested *** have also found that there is an interaction between chlorogenic acid and DCF,which resulted in increased toxicity of the mixture of the both compounds to *** K-12,comparable to parent *** strongest response of *** SM biosensor strain with recA:luxCDABE genetic construct in filtered treated wastewaters,comparable to control sample was *** indicates,that *** SM recA:luxCDABE biosensor strains is a good tool for bacteria monitoring in wastewater *** to toxicity and biological

关键词： Diclofenac Biodegradation Chlorogenic acid Advances oxidation processes (AOPs) Wastewaters Microbial biosensors

Changes in Profitability of Chicken Broiler Production in 2008-2013

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Journal of agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2015年第1期5卷 68-74页

作者： Ryszard Gilewski Henryk Runowski Stanislaw Wezyk AVICONS Warsaw 185-03 Poland Faculty of Economics Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw 02-787 Poland

The profitability of broiler chicken production depends on many interrelated factors, such as the size of the farm, farming system, the genetic potential, feed price and the quality of chicken meat obtained as a final product, e.g., meat, and a strategy of their sales on the domestic and foreign market. Economic analysis were conducted in randomly selected farms growing commercial broilers, from April 2008 to March 2013 （28 cycles all together）, at the same time in three buildings, with 46 thousands to 54 thousands one-day chickens. In the analyzed period, broilers were reared for 35-50 d. The average slaughter body mass ranged from 2.36 kg to 2.99 kg with feed conversion ratio （FCR） 1.68 kg of feed/kg of body weight gain to 1.78 kg of feed/kg of body weight gain. Stock mortality at that time ranged from 3.5% to 6.4%. On the basis of macroeconomic data, a clear relationship between the increase in the period particularly from 2004 onwards, prices of feed 33.6% and the purchase price of livestock 22.5% in the case of the evaluated farms were found. These values were 27.9% and 31.7%, respectively. From the analysis of the relationship between different types of broiler production costs, it was concluded that the main determinant of the profitability of live poultry production was the cost of feed and first of all was the prices of feed. This means that the boom in live poultry production is variable, resulting in consequences for production and income.

关键词： Broiler chickens profitability export

Environmental Impact of Using Different Energy Sources for Family House Heating

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2012年第9期6卷 1408-1415页

作者： Marcin Bukowski Henryk Manteuffel Szoege Institute of Technology and Life Sciences Elblag 82-300 Poland Department of agricultural Economics and International Economic Relations Warsaw University of Life Sciences Warsaw 02-787 Poland

Environmental impacts of using various sources of energy in heating a family house with 180 m2 of floor surface were compared by means of the SimaPro computer programme and attached to its databases, describing the environmental impacts of using typical materials and technologies. The set of compared heat energy sources comprised nine different sources. After normalisation （which meant recalculating the impacts into their proportions to the average impact of the kind, experienced by an average European in a year）, weighting （which meant attaching arbitrary weights to three aggregate impact categories according to a methodology Eco-indicator 99 E/E） and summation of the weighted results expressed in so-called ecopoints, the coal combustion furnace turned out to have the greatest impact. It was followed by an electric stove and an oil burning furnace. The wood burning furnace and the heat pump had the smallest impact, almost equal in size. Results indicate that in case of renewable energy carriers like wood, straw and pellets, the total environmental hazard factor in 70% and more is derived from the respiratory harmful inorganic emissions. Extending the analysis by a LC assessment of equipment （boilers and pumps） might change the order of technologies.

关键词： Family house heating environmental impact SimaPro application Eco-indicator 99 E/E.

Changes in the speed of ants as a result of aggressive interactions

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 842-852页

作者： Piotr Slipinski Michal Zmihorski Laboratory of Social and Myrmecophilous Insects Museum and Institute of Zoology Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden Institute of Nature Conservation PolishAcademy of Sciences Krakow Poland

Subordinate ant species utilize different tactics to reduce competition with the stronger, larger and more aggressive individuals of a dominant species. In our experimental study, we assessed the behavioral response of individual workers of 4 subordinate ant species during their co-occurrence with workers of a single dominant species. Contrary to most classical experiments focused on aggressive interactions, we assessed workers＇ speed as a crucial factor in the outcome of co-occurrence. Generally, there was a large intraspecific variation in the speed of the studied species--each had slow and fast individuals. Workers of all studied species moved faster just after interaction, suggesting that contact between 2 hostile workers is a stressful stimulus, generating a behavioral reaction of increasing speed. Also, the number of aggressive contacts experienced by a given individual positively affected its speed. Moreover, workers which were fast when exploring territory were also fast after interspecific interactions. The duration of aggression was significantly reduced by the speed and body size of a subordinate species worker--the more quickly a worker reacted and bigger it was, the shorter was the time of cumulative aggression. To our knowledge, this is the first study of this type to be conducted on ants and we conclude that speed is an overlooked and important characteristic of species and also individuals, therefore it should be considered as a driver of patterns of co-occurrence in ant assemblages.

关键词： hierarchy reaction response speed survival velocity

Characteristics of cold plasma treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis on IgG/IgE-binding ability of β-lactoglobulin

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Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 1696-1705页

作者： Zhi-Wei Liu Lin-Lin Zhang Ying-Xue Zhou Pan-Pan Tang Yi-Cheng Tan Jun-Hu Cheng Amin Mousavi Khaneghah Rana Muhammad Aadil College of Food Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha410128China School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641China Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute36 Rakowiecka St.02-532WarsawPoland National Institute of Food Science and Technology University of AgricultureFaisalabad38000Pakistan

Characteristics of cold plasma (CP) treatment and enzymatic (papain and alcalase) hydrolysis on IgG/IgE-binding ability β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) were compared, which is analyzed by immunoblot, WB, ELISA, and LC-MS/MS analysis. Results indicated that CP treatment exhibit similar characteristic to enzymatic hydrolysis to cleave the polypeptides chain of β-LG for reduction of its IgG/IgE binding ability. A similar tendency of decline in IgG/IgE binding capacity of β-LG after CP treatment was achieved in comparison with alcalase hydrolysis, which was reduced by 57.69% (IgG) and 56% (IgE) (for 4 min CP treatment) and 61.89% (IgG) and 27.54% (IgE) for alcalase hydrolysis (75 min), while no significant difference was detected for papain hydrolysis. Immunoblot and LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed that the antigenicity reduction was ascribed to the breakdown of the IgG/IgE linear epitopes of β-LG. Further combined with CP treatment (1 min) with alcalase hydrolysis (75 min), the reduction of antigenicity of β-LG reached 68.46% (IgG) and 59.26% (IgE). This study suggests that CP treatment is a promising alternative to enzymatic hydrolysis for hypoallergenic protein-producing.

关键词： β-lactoglobulin Cold plasma Enzyme hydrolysis Antigenicity

Hyperspectral reflectance-based phenotyping for quantitative genetics in crops: Progress and challenges

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Plant Communications 2021年第4期2卷 89-99页

作者： Marcin Grzybowski Nuwan K.Wijewardane Abbas Atefi Yufeng Ge James C.Schnable Center for Plant Science Innovation and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNEUSA Department of Plant Molecular Ecophysiology Institute of Plant Experimental Biology and BiotechnologyFaculty of BiologyUniversity of WarsawWarsawPoland Department of Biological Systems Engineering University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNEUSA Department of agricultural Biological Engineering Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMSUSA

Many biochemical and physiological properties of plants that are of interest to breeders and geneticists have extremely low throughput and/or can only be measured *** has limited the use of information on natural variation in nutrient and metabolite abundance,as well as photosynthetic capacity in quantitative genetic contexts where it is necessary to collect data from hundreds or thousands of plants.A number of recent studies have demonstrated the potential to estimate many of these traits from hyperspectral reflectance data,primarily in ecophysiological ***,we summarize recent advances in the use of hyperspectral reflectance data for plant phenotyping,and discuss both the potential benefits and remaining challenges to its application in plant genetics *** performances of previously published models in estimating six traits fromhyperspectral reflectance data in maizewere evaluated on newsample datasets,and the resulting predicted trait values shown to be heritable(e.g.,explained by genetic factors)were *** adoption of hyperspectral reflectance-based phenotyping beyond its current uses may accelerate the study of genes controlling natural variation in biochemical and physiological traits.

关键词： hyperspectral reflectance phenotyping quantitative genetics maize

Alginate and derivatives hydrogels in encapsulation of probiotic bacteria: An updated review

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Food Bioscience 2023年第2期52卷 93-107页

作者： Narmin Nezamdoost-Sani Mohammad Alizadeh Khaledabad Saber Amiri Amin Mousavi Khaneghah Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of AgricultureUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology Prof.Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food BiotechnologyState Research Institute36 Rakowiecka St02-532WarsawPoland Department of Technology of Chemistry Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry UniversityBakuAzerbaijan

Natural hydrogels such as alginate are hopeful gadgets for cellular encapsulation,drug delivery,and many others because of their properties,such as biodegradable and non-toxic for the ***,as intestinal microbiota,have numerous benefits for the host’s *** the other hand,the survival of probiotics is critical,especially in the food and medicine industry,and probiotics should endure disagreeable status that occurs in passing through the gastrointestinal *** can be applied to protect probiotics but increase their bio-accessibility,so the survival rate of bacteria and their transportation to different body *** this review,the literature on delivery systems results focuses on combining alginates with other biopolymers to produce hydrogels that enclose probiotics,only increasing their encapsulation performance and survival compared to alginates in gastrointestinal simulation conditions *** the tastes and limitations,along with the benefits of microencapsulation of probiotics using hydrogels,can lead to the emergence of biopolymers,new ways of protecting probiotics,and ultimately producing products that are safe for consumers.

关键词： Alginate Natural hydrogel Microencapsulation Survival of probiotics