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Experiments on image data augmentation techniques for geological rock type classification with convolutional neural networks

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2025年第1期17卷 106-125页

作者： Afshin Tatar Manouchehr Haghighi Abbas Zeinijahromi school of Chemical Engineering Discipline of Mining and Petroleum EngineeringThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

The integration of image analysis through deep learning(DL)into rock classification represents a significant leap forward in geological *** traditional methods remain invaluable for their expertise and historical context,DL offers a powerful complement by enhancing the speed,objectivity,and precision of the classification *** research explores the significance of image data augmentation techniques in optimizing the performance of convolutional neural networks(CNNs)for geological image analysis,particularly in the classification of igneous,metamorphic,and sedimentary rock types from rock thin section(RTS)*** study primarily focuses on classic image augmentation techniques and evaluates their impact on model accuracy and *** demonstrate that augmentation techniques like Equalize significantly enhance the model's classification capabilities,achieving an F1-Score of 0.9869 for igneous rocks,0.9884 for metamorphic rocks,and 0.9929 for sedimentary rocks,representing improvements compared to the baseline original ***,the weighted average F1-Score across all classes and techniques is 0.9886,indicating an ***,methods like Distort lead to decreased accuracy and F1-Score,with an F1-Score of 0.949 for igneous rocks,0.954 for metamorphic rocks,and 0.9416 for sedimentary rocks,exacerbating the performance compared to the *** study underscores the practicality of image data augmentation in geological image classification and advocates for the adoption of DL methods in this domain for automation and improved *** findings of this study can benefit various fields,including remote sensing,mineral exploration,and environmental monitoring,by enhancing the accuracy of geological image analysis both for scientific research and industrial applications.

关键词： Deep learning(DL) Image analysis Image data augmentation Convolutional neural networks(CNNs) Geological image analysis Rock classification Rock thin section(RTS)images

When Software Security Meets Large Language Models:A Survey

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第2期12卷 317-334页

作者： Xiaogang Zhu Wei Zhou Qing-Long Han Wanlun Ma Sheng Wen Yang Xiang IEEE the school of Computer and Mathematical Sciences the University of Adelaide the school of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology

Software security poses substantial risks to our society because software has become part of our life. Numerous techniques have been proposed to resolve or mitigate the impact of software security issues. Among them, software testing and analysis are two of the critical methods, which significantly benefit from the advancements in deep learning technologies. Due to the successful use of deep learning in software security, recently,researchers have explored the potential of using large language models(LLMs) in this area. In this paper, we systematically review the results focusing on LLMs in software security. We analyze the topics of fuzzing, unit test, program repair, bug reproduction, data-driven bug detection, and bug triage. We deconstruct these techniques into several stages and analyze how LLMs can be used in the stages. We also discuss the future directions of using LLMs in software security, including the future directions for the existing use of LLMs and extensions from conventional deep learning research.

关键词： Large language models (LLMs) software analysis software security software testing

Branched module-modified SN38 prodrug nanoassemblies for improved colorectal cancer therapy:Effectively balance efficacy and safety

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 572-585页

作者： Qing Wang Shiyi Zuo Shufang Zheng Cuiyun Liu Yaqiao Li Jiayu Guo Danping Wang Shuo Wang Wenjing Wang Bowen Zhang Minglong Huang Xianbao Shi Jin Sun Zhonggui He Bingjun Sun Department of Pharmaceutics Wuya College of InnovationShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems Ministry of EducationShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang 110016China school of Chemical Engineering The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Department of Pharmacy The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical UniversityJinzhou 121001China

The clinical utility of irinotecan is restricted by individual variability in carboxylesterase *** administration of its active metabolite,7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin(SN38),presents an appealing alternative due to its potent anti-tumor ***,the undesirable properties of SN38,such as poor water solubility and nontarget toxicity,present significant hurdles to its clinical *** nanoassemblies based on modular design strategy show promise in overcoming these challenges by enhancing drug delivery and selective *** modular design,the modification module plays a crucial role in improving the self-assembly capability of *** current studies mainly focus on using straight aliphatic chains for prodrug design,branched aliphatic chains emerge as superior alternatives warranting further *** this study,we selected 2-heptylundecanol(BAlc18)as modification module to construct an SN38 *** exquisite design,SN38-SS-BAlc18 NPs integrated prominent properties in selfassembly capability,specific activation and biocompatibility,resolving the challenges of irinotecan and SN38,ultimately demonstrating excellent anti-tumor *** exploration enriched the design theory of prodrug nanoassemblies that can effectively balance safety and colorectal anti-tumor efficacy.

关键词： irinotecan SN38 prodrug nanoassemblies disulfide bonds branched aliphatic chains

Exhumation and Preservation of the Yangchuling Porphyry W-Mo Deposit in the Jiangnan Tungsten Ore Belt,South China:Insights from(U-Th)/He and Fission Track Dating

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年第1期36卷 46-56页

作者： Yue Sun Ying Wang Jianzhang Pang Samuel C.Boone Minting Wu Chongjian Shao Wei Liu Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Genesis and Prospect for Strategic Minerals School of Earth ScienceEast China University of TechnologyNanchang330013China Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing100029China school of Geography Earth and Atmospheric Sciences The University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC3010Australia Department of Earth Sciences The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA5005Australia Jiangxi DuChang JinDing Tungsten CO. Ltd.Jiujiang332611China

The Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit(YPWD),located in the Jiangnan porphyryskarn tungsten ore belt,is one of the most important and large-scale porphyry W-Mo deposits in South *** previous zircon U-Pb and molybdenite Re-Os data suggest that Yangchuling WMo ore bodies formed almost simultaneously with granodiorite and monzogranitic porphyry at~150–144 Ma,their post emplacement history remains poorly understood,making their preservation status at depth *** this paper,new zircon and apatite(U-Th)/He and apatite fission track(ZHe,AHe and AFT,respectively)data of one hornfels and five intrusive rocks from a 1000-meter borehole are ***,together with new inverse thermal history models and previous geochronological data,help elucidate the post-diagenetic exhumation history and preservation status of the Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo *** general,ZHe and AHe ages decrease gradually from the near surface downwards and have relatively little intra-sample variation,ranging from 133 to 73Ma and 67 to 25 Ma,*** four granodiorites yield similar AFT ages that range from 63 to 55 Ma with mean track lengths varying from 12.2±0.7 to 12.6±0.5μ*** history modelling indicates that the Yangchuling ore district experienced slow,monotonic cooling since the ***-depth relationships are interpreted as recording~3.7±0.8 km of Cretaceous-recent exhumation in response to regional extension throughout South China thought to have been driven by subduction retreat of the Paleo-Pacific *** of estimated net exhumation and previous metallogenic depth of~4–5 km suggests that W-Mo ore bodies could still exist at depths of up to~1.3±0.8 km relative to Earth surface in the YPWD *** of the YPWD is attributed to the limited amount of regional denudation during the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic.

关键词： (U-Th)/He fission track ore preservation thermochronology Yangchuling porphyry W-Mo deposit

Identification of failure behaviors of underground structures under dynamic loading using machine learning

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2025年第1期17卷 414-431页

作者： Chun Zhu Yingze Xu Manchao He Yujing Jiang Murat Karakus Lihua Hu Yalong Jiang Fuqiang Ren school of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics&Deep Underground Engineering Xuzhou221116China Graduate school of Engineering Nagasaki UniversityBunkyoNagasaki852-8521Japan school of Civil Environmental and Mining EngineeringThe University of AdelaideAdelaide5005SAAustralia State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang330013China school of Civil Engineering University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan114051China

Understanding the dynamic responses of hard rocks is crucial during deep mining and tunneling activities and when constructing nuclear waste repositories. However, the response of deep massive rocks with openings of different shapes and orientations to dynamic loading is not well understood. Therefore, this study investigates the dynamic responses of hard rocks of deep underground excavation activities. Split Hopkins Pressure Bar (SHPB) tests on granite with holes of different shapes (rectangle, circle, vertical ellipse (elliptical short (ES) axis parallel to the impact load direction), and horizontal ellipse (elliptical long (EL) axis parallel to the impact load direction)) were carried out. The influence of hole shape and location on the dynamic responses was analyzed to reveal the rocks' dynamic strengths and cracking characteristics. We used the ResNet18 (convolutional neural network-based) network to recognize crack types using high-speed photographs. Moreover, a prediction model for the stress-strain response of rocks with different openings was established using Deep Neural Network (DNN). The results show that the dynamic strengths of the granite with EL and ES holes are the highest and lowest, respectively. The strength-weakening coefficient decreases first and then increases with an increase of thickness-span ratio (h/L). The weakening of the granite with ES holes is the most obvious. The ResNet18 network can improve the analyzing efficiency of the cracking mechanism, and the trained model's recognition accuracy reaches 99%. Finally, the dynamic stress-strain prediction model can predict the complete stress-strain curve well, with an accuracy above 85%.

关键词： Dynamic mechanical response Cracking mode Hole shape/location effect Deep Neural Network(DNN) Stress-strain prediction

Molecular Structure Tailoring of Organic Spacers for High‑Performance Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 314-357页

作者： Pengyun Liu Xuejin Li Tonghui Cai Wei Xing Naitao Yang Hamidreza Arandiyan Zongping Shao Shaobin Wang Shaomin Liu school of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580People’s Republic of China school of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255049People’s Republic of China Centre for Applied Materials and Industrial Chemistry(CAMIC) School of ScienceRMIT UniversityMelbourneVic 3000Australia WA school of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering(WASM‑MECE)Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6102Australia school of Chemical Engineering The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia school of Engineering Great Bay UniversityDongguan 523000People’s Republic of China

Layer-structured Ruddlesden–Popper(RP)perovskites(RPPs)with decent stability have captured the imagination of the photovoltaic research community and bring hope for boosting the development of perovskite solar cell(PSC)***,two-dimensional(2D)or quasi-2D RP PSCs are encountered with some challenges of the large exciton binding energy,blocked charge transport and poor film quality,which restrict their photovoltaic ***,these issues can be readily resolved by rationally designing spacer cations of *** review mainly focuses on how to design the molecular structures of organic spacers and aims to endow RPPs with outstanding photovoltaic *** firstly elucidated the important roles of organic spacers in impacting crystallization kinetics,charge transporting ability and stability of *** we brought three aspects to attention for designing organic ***,we presented the specific molecular structure design strategies for organic spacers of RPPs aiming to improve photovoltaic performance of RP *** proposed strategies in this review will provide new avenues to develop novel organic spacers for RPPs and advance the development of RPP photovoltaic technology for future applications.

关键词： Ruddlesden-Popper perovskites Low-dimensional perovskite solar cells Organic spacers Molecular structure Design strategies

Evidence for the ef?cacy and safety of herbal weight loss preparations

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第2期17卷 87-92页

作者： Rachael Farrington Ian F.Musgrave Roger W.Byard adelaide medical school The University of Adelaide Forensic Science SA

Rising rates of obesity across the globe have been associated with an increase in the use of herbal preparations for weight control. However, the mechanisms of action for these substances are often not known,as is the potential for interaction with other herbal preparations or prescription pharmaceutical drugs. To investigate the reported efficacy and safety of herbal weight loss preparations, we conducted a review of the literature focusing on herbs that are most commonly used in weight loss preparations, specifically,Garcinia cambogia, Camellia sinensis, Hoodia gordonii, Citrus aurantium and Coleus forskohlii. There was no clear evidence that the above herbal preparations would cause sustained long-term weight loss in humans in the long term. Serious illness and even death have occasionally resulted from the use of herbal weight loss preparations. Few clinical trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and/or safety of herbal weight loss preparations. In addition, potential issues of herb–herb and herb–drug interactions are often not considered. Regulation of these products is much less rigorous than for prescription medications, despite documented cases of associated hepatotoxicity.

关键词： Weight loss Hepatotoxicity Complementary medicine Traditional Chinese medicine

Aortic valve replacement reduces mortality in moderate aortic stenosis:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2023年第1期20卷 61-67页

作者： Kyle B Franke Dimple Bhatia Ross L Roberts-Thomson Peter J Psaltis adelaide medical school The University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Vascular Research Centre Lifelong Health ThemeSouth Australian Health and Medical Research InstituteAdelaideAustralia Department of Cardiology Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideAustralia

BACKGROUND With the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve replacement and an evolving understanding of the natural progression and history of aortic stenosis,the potential for earlier intervention in appropriate patients is promising;however,the benefit of aortic valve replacement in moderate aortic stenosis remains *** Pubmed,Embase,and the Cochrane Library databases were searched up until 30th of December 2021 using keywords including moderate aortic stenosis and aortic valve *** reporting all-cause mortality and outcomes in early aortic valve replacement(AVR)compared to conservative management in patients with moderate aortic stenosis were *** ratios were generated using random-effects meta-analysis to determine effect *** 3470 publications were screened with title and abstract review,which left 169 articles for full-text *** these studies,7 met inclusion criteria and were included,totalling 4,827 *** studies treated AVR as a time-dependent co-variable in cox-regression multivariate analysis of all-cause *** with surgical or transcatheter AVR was associated with a 45% decreased risk of all-cause mortality(HR=0.55[0.42-0.68],I2=51.5%,P<0.001).All studies were representative of the overall cohort with appropriate sample sizes,with no evidence of publication,detection,or information biases in any of the *** In this systematic review and meta-analysis,we report a 45% reduction in all-cause mortality in patients with moderate aortic stenosis who were treated with early aortic valve replacement compared to a strategy of conservative *** control trials are awaited to determine the utility of AVR in moderate aortic stenosis.

关键词： aortic stenosis analysis

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: genes load the gun and repeated concussion pulls the trigger

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1963-1964页

作者： Robert Vink Frances Corrigan Clinical and Health Sciences University of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia adelaide medical school University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia

The association between traumatic brain injury(TBI)and an increased risk of neurodegeneration has been recognized for some decades now(Faden and Loane,2015),with recent evidence suggesting that a history of TBI,either as repeated concussive/mild TBI insults typically experienced by some athletes or less commonly as a single moderate/severe injury,may be linked with an increased risk of developing a specific form of neurodegeneration known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy(CTE)(McKee et al.,2016).The pathognomonic lesions of CTE are hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates,initially in neurons and astrocytes close to blood vessels at the base of the sulci,but later spreading throughout the brain(McKee et al.,2016).Recent work has focused on developing diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome,the clinical disorder associated with CTE,which is thought to encompass cognitive impairment and/or neurobehavioral impairment characterized by explosiveness,impulsivity and emotional lability(Katz et al.,2021).

关键词： traumatic encephalopathy impairment