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Modelling air change rate of naturally ventilated dairy buildings using response surface methodology and numerical simulation

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Building Simulation 2021年第3期14卷 827-839页

作者： Qianying Yi Guoqiang Zhang Barbara Amon Sabrina Hempel David Janke Chayan Kumer Saha Thomas Amon Department of Engineering Aarhus UniversitySkejby Nordlandsvej 3018200 AarhusDenmark Department of Engineering for Livestock Management Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy(ATB)Max-Eyth-Allee 70014469 PotsdamGermany Department of Technology Assessment and Substance Cycles Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy(ATB)Max-Eyth-Allee 10014469 PotsdamGermany Faculty of Civil Engineering Architecture and Environmental EngineeringUniversity ofZielona GoraLicealna 9/965-417 Zielona GoraPoland Department of Farm Power and Machinery Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityBAU Main Road2202 MymensinghBangladesh Institute of Animal Hygiene and Environmental Health Department of Veterinary MedicineFree University BerlinRobert-von-Ostertag-Str.7-1314163 BerlinGermany

The air change rate(ACR)of naturally ventilated dairy buildings(NVDBs)plays an important part in the design and control of the ventilation system,as well as in the estimation of the gaseous emission *** objectives of this research were to model the ACR based on a quantitative investigation of the relationship between the ACR and its potential influencing factors,including the opening ratio(r),the building length to width ratio(a),the wind speed(U),and the wind direction(0).The investigations were performed using the response surface methodology integrated with the Box-Behnken design and Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)*** response surface models of the ACR of NVDBs were established for three opening ratio ranges of 5%-42.5%,42.5%-80%,and 5%-80%,*** was found that the selection of the opening ratio range had almost no effect on the developed response surface *** results showed that the ACR of NVDBs was not influenced by a,but was significantly affected by r,U,6,and interaction effects between every two of the three *** highest ACR was 6.7 s^(-1),6.0 s^(-1),and 4.0 s^(-1)when 0,U,and r was at their respective medium value while the rest parameters were at the highest values,indicating that the r played an important role in the value of *** was concluded that in the prediction of the ACR of a building,the influences of both individual and interactional effects of 0,U,and r should be considered.

关键词： emission estimation computational fluid dynamics Box-Behnken design response surface model

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第22期26卷 2931-2947页

作者： Tea L Laursen Thomas D Sandahl Konstantin Kazankov Jacob George Henning Gronbæk Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus N DK-8200Denmark Storr Liver centre Westmead Institute for Medical ResearchWestmead HospitalSydney NSW 2145Australia university of Sydney Sydney NSW 2145Australia

More than five years ago,the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection was revolutionized with the introduction of all-oral direct-acting antiviral(DAA)*** proved highly efficient in curing patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC),including patients with *** new DAA treatments were alleged to induce significant improvements in clinical outcome and prognosis,but the exact cause of the expected benefit was ***,little was known about how the underlying liver disease would be affected during and after viral *** this review,we describe and discuss the liver-related effects of the new treatments in regards to both pathophysiological aspects,such as macrophage activation,and the time-dependent effects of therapy,with specific emphasis on inflammation,structural liver changes,and liver function,as these factors are all related to morbidity and mortality in CHC *** seems clear that antiviral therapy,especially the achievement of a sustained virologic response has several beneficial effects on liver-related parameters in CHC patients with advanced liver fibrosis or *** seems to be a timedependent effect of DAA therapy with viral clearance and the resolution of liver inflammation followed by more discrete changes in structural liver *** improvements lead to favorable effects on liver function,followed by an improvement in cognitive dysfunction and portal ***,the data provide knowledge on the several beneficial effects of DAA therapy on liverrelated parameters in CHC patients suggesting short-and long-term improvements in the underlying disease with the promise of an improved longterm prognosis.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Antiviral treatment Inflammation Liver fibrosis Liver cirrhosis Metabolic liver function Galactose elimination capacity Urea synthesis capacity Portal hypertension Hepatic encephalopathy

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Identifying sediment discontinuities and solving dating puzzles using monitoring and palaeolimnological records

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第4期10卷 621-633页

作者： Xuhui DONG Carl D. SAYER Helen BENNION Stephen C. MABERLY Handong YANG Richard W. BATTARBEE State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Environmental Change Research centre Departmeni of Geography University College London London WCIE 6BT UK aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies Aarhus University DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Lake Ecosystems Group Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Library Avenue Lancaster LA1 4AP UK

Palaeolimnological studies should ideally be based upon continuous, undisturbed sediment sequences with reliable chronologies. However for some lake cores, these conditions are not met and palaeolimnologists are often faced with dating puzzles caused by sediment disturbances in the past. This study chooses Esthwaite Water from England to illustrate how to identify sedimentation discontinuities in lake cores and how chronologies can be established for imperfect cores by correlation of key sediment signatures in parallel core records and with long-term monitoring data （1945-2003）. Replicated short cores （ESTH1, ESTH7, and ESTH8） were collected and subjected to loss-on-ignition, radiometric dating （210Pb, 137Cs, and 14C）, particle size, trace metal, and fossil diatom analysis. Both a slumping and a hiatus event were detected in ESTH7 based on comparisons made between the cores and the long-term diatom data. Ordination analysis suggested that the slumped material in ESTH7 originated from sediment deposited around 1805-1880 AD. Further, it was inferred that the hiatus resulted in a loss of sediment deposited from 1870 to 1970 AD. Given the existence of three superior 14C dates in ESTH7, ESTH 1 and ESTH7 were temporally correlated by multiple palaeolimnological proxies for age-depth model development. High variability in sedimentation rates was evident, but good agreement across the various palaeo- limnological proxies indicated coherence in sediment processes within the coring area. Differences in sedimenta- tion rates most likely resulted from the natural morphology of the lake basin. Our study suggests that caution is required in selecting suitable coring sites for palaeolimno-logical studies of small, relatively deep lakes and that proximity to steep slopes should be avoided wherever possible. Nevertheless, in some cases, comparisons between a range of contemporary and palaeolimnological records can be employed to diagnose sediment distur- bances and establish a chron

关键词： sediment disturbance lake sediment chron-ology slumping hiatus Esthwaite Water

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Deep hyperammonemic hepatic encephalopathy precipitated by fecal microbiota transplantation for fulminant Clostridioides difficile infection

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 612-614页

作者： Lotte Lindgreen Eriksen Simon Mark Dahl Baunwall Peter Lykke Eriksen Kirstine Petrea Bak-Fredslund Jens Erik Nielsen Jens Frederik Dahlerup Karen Louise Thomsen Hendrik Vilstrup Christian Lodberg Hvas Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Randers Regional HospitalRandersDenmark Department of Radiology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark

Introduction Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is highly effective and potentially life-saving for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI)[1].Recent pilot trials also reported the use of FMT to revert hepatic encephalopathy(HE)in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis without infectious colitis[2,3].Intestinal microbiota-driven hyperammonemia is central to HE development and most treatments aim to reduce ammonia levels by modulating the intestinal ***,FMT might lead to increased intestinal ammonia production,as we describe here.

关键词： hepatic infection encephalopathy

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Performance-based Research Funding in Denmark: The Adoption and Translation of the Norwegian Model

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Journal of Data and Information Science 2018年第4期3卷 20-30页

作者： Kaare Aagaard Danish centre for Studies in Research & Research Policy Department of Political Science & Government Aarhus University Bartholins Allé 7

Purpose: The main goal of this study is to outline and analyze the Danish adoption and translation of the Norwegian Publication Indicator. Design/methodology/approach: The study takes the form of a policy analysis mainly drawing on document analysis of policy papers, previously published studies and grey literature. Findings: The study highlights a number of crucial factors that relate both to the Danish process and to the final Danish result underscoring that the Danish BFI model is indeed a quite different system than its Norwegian counterpart. One consequence of these process-and design differences is the fact that the broader legitimacy of the Danish BFI today appears to be quite poor. Reasons for this include: unclear and shifting objectives throughout the process; limited willingness to take ownership of the model among stakeholders; lack of communication throughout the implementation process and an apparent underestimation of the challenges associated with the use of bibliometric indicators. Research limitation: The conclusions of the study are based on the authors’ interpretation of a long drawn and complex process with many different stakeholders involved. The format of this article does not allow for a detailed documentation of all elements, but further details can be provided upon request. Practical implications: The analysis may feed into current policy discussions on the future of the Danish BFI. Originality/value: Some elements of the present analysis have previously been published in Danish outlets, but this article represents the first publication on this issue targeting a broader international audience.

关键词： Norwegian Model Performance based funding Bibliometrics

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CAPACITY COMMITMENT AND PRICING FOR SUBSTITUTABLE PRODUCTS UNDER COMPETITION

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2012年第4期21卷 443-460页

作者： Hongyan LI Tianhui YOU Business and Social Science School Aarhus University School of Business Administration Northeastern University

Capacity acquisition and pricing decisions are a company＇s long-term strategic decisions. However, demand uncertainty and substitutability of multiple products cause the difficulty to solve capacity and pricing decision problems. In this paper, we address a multiple product pricing and multiple resource capacity acquisition problem with *** and competition. The company needs to determine capacity commitment for each resource and product prices before demands are realized so that the total profit is maximized. If the demand exceeds the committed capacity, extra amounts can be purchased from the spot market. Variable unit production costs, capacity acquisition and maintenance costs are considered. We first analyze a single company basic problem and find the optimal solutions on prices and capacity. Based on the single company model, we address the two-product, two-firm capacity commitment and pricing problem considering across product and across company price competition factors. The existence and uniqueness of equilibrium on price and capacity commitment are proved, and then we extended the results to the multiple product, multiple company case.

关键词： Capacity commitment multiple product pricing product substitution price competition stochastic demand

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Formation of RRR-a-tocopherol in rumen and intestinal digestibility of tocopherols in dairy cows

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 350-363页

作者： Saman Lashkari Farhad M.Panah Martin R.Weisbjerg Søren K.Jensen Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Aarhus UniversityDenmark

Tocopherol sources in diets are often a combination of all-rac-a-tocopheryl acetate(synthetic a-tocopherol)from vitamin supplements and natural tocopherols and 2R-(4’R,8’R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocotrienol(a-tocotrienols)from the feed *** a-tocopherol consists of 8 different stereoisomers including 2R-(4’R,8’R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol(RRR-a-tocopherol),2R-(4’S,8’R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol(RSR-a-tocopherol),2R-(4’R,8’S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol(RRS-a-tocopherol),2R-(4’S,8’S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol(RSS-a-tocopherol),2S-(4’S,8’S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol(SSS-a-tocopherol),2S-(4’R,8’S)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol(SRS-a-tocopherol),2S-(4’S,8’R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol(SSR-a-tocopherol),and2S-(4’R,8’R)-5,7,8-trimethyltocol(SRR-a-tocopherol).The pre-absorption metabolism of tocopherols and tocotrienols in ruminants differs from monogastric animals due to the extensive microbial fermentation in the anaerobic *** current study investigated the impact of toasting and decortication of oats on metabolism in the digestive tract(synthesis,digestion),and intestinal digestibility of tocopherols in dairy cows by using 4 ruminal and intestinal cannulated Danish Holstein cows in a 4×4 Latin square design for 4 *** were fed a total mixed ration ad libitum containing different forms of oats:whole oat,decorticated oat,toasted oat,and decorticated toasted oat,all rolled before mixed *** means across 4 treatments were statistically analyzed,testing whether overall means were different from *** or toasting did not affect the balance or digestibility of a-tocopherols in *** across treatments showed the ruminal degradation of synthetic a-tocopherol(279 mg/d,P=0.02;P-value shows that average across treatments is different from zero),synthetic 2R-a-tocopherol(133 mg/d,P<0.01;summation of RRS-,RSR-and RSS-a-tocopherol),and 2S-a-tocopherol(190 mg/d;P<0.01,summation of SSS-,SRS-,SSR,and SRR-a-tocopherol),while RRR-a-tocopherol was formed in the rumen(221 mg/d,P=0.1

关键词： Vitamin E a-Tocopherol stereoisomers Toasting Decortication Cow

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Application of heat shock protein expression for detecting natural adaptation and exposure to stress in natural populations

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Current Zoology 2010年第6期56卷 703-713页

作者： Jesper Givskov SφRENSEN National Environmental Research Institute Aarhus UniversityDepartment of Terrestrial Ecology

Heat-shock proteins （HSPs） play an undisputed role for maintaining cellular functioning under environmental challenges and protein denaturing conditions. Compelling evidence points to an evolutionary important role of HSPs and a strict evolutionary control of these proteins as a balance between benefits and costs. While there is a great potential for using HSP expression for detecting natural adaptation and exposure to stress in natural populations, some obstacles and key issues await investigation. From an ecological perspective these key issues needs to be resolved in order to fully appreciate the complex responses and adaptations to stress and to increase our understanding of HSPs and other molecular chaperones for stress adaptation and potential use as biomarkers. Here, the current knowledge and understanding of HSPs is reviewed and a number of key issues including the interpretation of elevated HSP levels, the complications of extrapolating between laboratory and field conditions, the effects of choice of traits and methodology and the larger intra-and extracellular networks of interactions that HSPs participate in are discussed [Current Zoology 56 （6）： 703-713, 2010].

关键词： Biomarker Hsp Molecular chaperone Thermal adaptation Thermal stress

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“They Would Do Just Fine Without Me”:Experiences of Private Tutoring in Denmark

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ECNU Review of Education 2021年第3期4卷 566-589页

作者： Lucas Cone aarhus university

Purpose:Building on a qualitative case study of parents and tutors previously involved with a large commercial tutoring company,this article investigates experiences of private tutoring in ***/Approach/Methods:The case study centers around an affective analysis of eight interviews—three parents and five tutors—centering on why and how the interlocutors decided to hire services from or work for the tutoring ***:The article illustrates how the parents’and tutors’experiences of private tutoring are colored by a series of affective patterns that set the tone for how the parents and tutors make sense of and feel about the *** patterns are drawn forth which together sustain the“mood”in which the parents and tutors encounter the tutoring phenomenon:teacher intimacy,institutional professionalism,and ***/Value:The article provides an empirically grounded perspective on the stakes of commercializing education in spaces characterized by egalitarian ideals in education.

关键词： Affective patterns commercialization egalitarianism moods private supplementary tutoring shadow education

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Overcoming Thresholds and the Mysterious Travels of Literary Influence:Why National Canons Cannot Be Projected onto the Big Canvas

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Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2022年第1期6卷 88-99,155页

作者： Mads Rosendahl Thomsen aarhus university

World literature studies has to navigate between idealism and realism:the idealism of creating a broader and more inclusive understanding of the world's literature,and the realism ofhow literature circulatesand has to overcome manythresholds to *** increased recognition of how translation is a necessary part of world literature has done much to lay the grounds for an increased engagement with literature in non-European languages.I propose that an understanding of key patterns in the interational circulation of literary works can provide a better critique of the imbalances of canonization,and the inspiration for the inclusion of neglected works in the future.

关键词： canonization literary form translation migration

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