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Linkage of microbial living communities and residues to soil organic carbon accumulation along a forest restoration gradient in southern China

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第4期8卷 765-777页

作者： Shuo Zhang Qi Deng Ying-Ping Wang Ji Chen Mengxiao Yu Xi Fang Hongbo He Jinlei Chen Pingping Xu Shenhua Wang Junhua Yan Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences510650 GuangzhouChina university of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 BeijingChina Department of Agroecology Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere PMB 1Victoria 3195 AspendaleAustralia aarhus university centre for circular bioeconomy Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary centre for Climate Change Aarhus University4000 RoskildeDenmark Faculty of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and Technology410004 ChangshaChina Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences110016 ShenyangChina

Background:Forest restoration has been considered an effective method to increase soil organic carbon(SOC),whereas it remains unclear whether long-term forest restoration will continuously increase *** large uncertainties may be mainly due to the limited knowledge on how soil microorganisms will contribute to SOC accumulation over ***:We simultaneously documented SOC,total phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs),and amino sugars(AS)content across a forest restoration gradient with average stand ages of 14,49,70,and>90 years in southern ***:The SOC and AS continuously increased with stand *** ratio of fungal PLFAs to bacterial PLFAs showed no change with stand age,while the ratio of fungal AS to bacterial AS significantly *** total microbial residue-carbon(AS-C)accounted for 0.95-1.66% in SOC across all forest restoration stages,with significantly higher in fungal residue-C(0.68-1.19%)than bacterial residue-C(0.05-0.11%).Furthermore,the contribution of total AS-C to SOC was positively correlated with clay content at 0-10 cm soil layer but negatively related to clay content at 10-20 cm soil ***:These findings highlight the significant contribution of AS-C to SOC accumulation along forest restoration stages,with divergent contributions from fungal residues and bacterial *** clay content with stand age significantly affects the divergent contributions of AS-C to SOC at two different soil layers.

关键词： Soil carbon stock Microbial biomass Microbial residues Forest restoration Soil clay content Soil layer

Reinforcement learning for wind-farm flow control:Current state and future actions

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2023年第6期13卷 455-464页

作者： Mahdi Abkar Navid Zehtabiyan-Rezaie Alexandros Iosifidis Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering Aarhus UniversityAarhus N8200Denmark Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus UniversityAarhus N8200Denmark centre for Digitalization Big Dataand Data AnalyticsAarhus UniversityAarhus N8200Denmark

Wind-farm flow control stands at the forefront of grand challenges in wind-energy *** central issue is that current algorithms are based on simplified models and,thus,fall short of capturing the complex physics of wind farms associated with the high-dimensional nature of turbulence and multiscale wind-farm-atmosphere *** learning(RL),as a subset of machine learning,has demonstrated its effectiveness in solving high-dimensional problems in various domains,and the studies performed in the last decade prove that it can be exploited in the development of the next generation of algorithms for wind-farm flow *** review has two main ***,it aims to provide an up-to-date overview of works focusing on the development of wind-farm flow control schemes utilizing RL *** examining the latest research in this area,the review seeks to offer a comprehensive understanding of the advancements made in wind-farm flow control through the application of RL ***,it aims to shed light on the obstacles that researchers face when implementing wind-farm flow control based on *** highlighting these challenges,the review aims to identify areas requiring further exploration and potential opportunities for future research.

关键词： Wind-farm flow control Turbine wakes Power losses Reinforcement learning Machine learning

Analysis of Venezuela's oil-oriented economy: from the perspective of entropy

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Petroleum Science 2018年第1期15卷 200-209页

作者： Xian-Zhong Mu Guang-Wen Hu Institute of circular Economy Beijing University of Technology

To investigate the efficiency and stability of Venezuela＇s oil-oriented economy, this paper applied entropy to the *** on this method, Venezuela＇s oil-centered industry, inefficient regulatory system, and insensitive response to external changes are recognized as an increase in the country＇s entropy. According to these facts, a dissipative structure model is constructed to analyze the efficiency and stability of the Venezuela＇s economic system. The results show that financial assistants（fund flow）, policy reform（policy flow）, and advanced technology（technology flow） can perform as negative entropy inflows（NEIFs）. These NEIFs will promote a series of influence and feedback reactions, which will contribute to recovering Venezuela＇s system efficiency and stability.

关键词： Venezuela Oil-oriented economy system Resource curse Entropy Dissipative structure

Trade-off between microbial carbon use efficiency and specific nutrient-acquiring extracellular enzyme activities under reduced oxygen

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Soil Ecology Letters 2023年第2期5卷 43-53页

作者： Ji Chen Irene Cordero Daryl L.Moorhead Jennifer K.Rowntree Lorae T.Simpson Richard D.Bardgett Hayley Craig Department of Agroecology Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark aarhus university centre for circular bioeconomy Aarhus University8830 TjeleDenmark iCLIMATE Interdisciplinary centre for Climate Change Aarhus University4000 RoskildeDenmark Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM139PTUK Department of Environmental Sciences University of Toledo2801 W.Bancroft St.ToledoOH 43606-3390USA School of Biological and Marine Sciences University of PlymouthDrake CircusPlymouthPL48AAUK Florida Oceanographic Society 890 NE Ocean BlvdStuartFL 34996USA NatureMetrics Occam CourtSurrey Research ParkGuildfordGU27HJUK

Mangroves are one of the most ecologically sensitive ecosystems to global climate change,which have cascading impacts on soil carbon(C),nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)***,mangroves are experiencing increasing N and P loadings and reduced oxygen availability due to intensified climate change and human ***,both direct and interactive effects of these perturbations on microbially mediated soil C,N and P cycling are poorly ***,we simultaneously investigated the effects of N and P loadings and reduced oxygen on microbial biomass,microbial respiration,and extracellular enzyme activities(EEAs)in mangrove *** calculated the microbial metabolic quotient(qCO_(2)),which is regarded as a useful inverse metric of microbial C use efficiency(CUE).Our results show that reduced oxygen significantly increases both qCO_(2) and microbial specific EEAs(enzyme activity per unit of microbial biomass)for C-,N-and P-acquisition regardless of N or P ***,we found that qCO_(2) positively correlated with microbial specific EEAs under reduced oxygen,whereas no clear relationship was detected under ambient *** results suggest that reduced oxygen increases microbial specific EEAs at the expense of increasing microbial respiration per unit biomass,indicating higher energy cost per unit enzyme production.

关键词： reduced oxygen extracellular enzyme microbial respiration nutrient acquisition nutrient addition mangrove

Emerging wet electrohydrodynamic approaches for versatile bioactive 3D interfaces

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Nano Research 2020年第2期13卷 315-327页

作者： Mehmet Berat Taskin Lasse Hyldgaard Klausen Mingdong Dong Menglin Chen Department of Engineering Aarhus University8000 Aarhus CDenmark Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center aarhus university 8000 Aarhus CDenmark

There is a compelling need for delicate nanomaterial design with various intricate functions and *** applies electrostatic force to overcome the surface tension of a liquid jet,shrinking the jet through intrinsic jetting instabiity into submicron fibers or spheres,with versatilty from a huge selection of materials,feasibllity of extracellular matrix structure mimicry and multicompartmentalization for tissue engineering and drug *** process typically involves the collection and drying of fibers at a solid substrate,but the introduction of a liquid phase collection by replacing the solid collector with a coagulation bath can introduce a variety of new opportunities for both chemical and physical functionalizations in one single *** so-called wet electrohydrodynamics is an emerging technique that enables a facile,homogeneous functionalization of the intrinsic large surface area of the submicron fibers/*** a thorough literature sweep,we herein highlight the three main engineering features integrated through the single step wet electrospinning process in terms of creating functional biomaterials:(i)The fabrication of 3D macrostructures,(ii)in situ chemical functionalization,and(iii)tunable *** an emerging technique,wet electrohydrodynamics has demonstrated a great potential in interdisciplinary research for the development of functional 3D interfaces and materials with pertinent applications in all fields where secondary structured,functional surface is *** these,engineered biomaterials bridging materials science with biology have already shown particular potential..

关键词： wet-electrohydrodynamics 3D macrostructure in-situ functionalization nanotopographical alteration tissue engineering nanotechnology

Validation of the Danish version of the musculoskeletal tumour society score questionnaire

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2019年第1期10卷 23-32页

作者： Casper Kloster Pingel Saebye Johnny Keller Thomas Baad-Hansen Sarcoma centre of aarhus university Hospital Department of Orthopedic Surgery Aarhus University Hospital

BACKGROUND The musculoskeletal tumour society score(MSTS) is a well-known questionnaire for measuring functional outcome in patients with neoplasms in the *** guidelines for cross-cultural translation and validation ensure the equivalence of content between the original and translated versions. The translation and validation provide the possibility to compare different sarcoma populations on an international level. This study is based on the hypothesis that the Danish MSTS questionnaire is a valid tool for measuring the end result after surgery for neoplasms in the *** To validate the Danish version of the upper and lower extremity version of the *** The translation of the MSTS was conducted in accordance with international guidelines. Patients operated for sarcomas and aggressive benign tumors were invited to participate in the study. The psychometric properties of the Danish version of the MSTS were tested in terms of validity and reliability and for the risk of floor or ceiling effect. Spearman's rank coefficient was used to test the validity by comparing with the Toronto Extremity Salvage Score(TESS). The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient(ICC) was used to evaluate inter-rater reliability. Cronbach's alpha was used to test for internal consistency. Spearman's rank coefficient was used to compare the MSTS lower extremity version with the objective test, Timed Up and Go(TUG).RESULTS The upper extremity version demonstrated an ICC of 0.95 in the inter-rater reliability test. The lower extremity version had an ICC of 0.88 in the inter-rater reliability test, respectively. Both MSTS versions showed a ceiling effect. Thevalidity of the MSTS was measured by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient by comparing the MSTS with the TESS and found it to be of 0.80(P < 0.01) and 0.83(P < 0.01) for the upper extremity and lower extremity version, respectively. A Spearman's rank correlation coefficient of-0.26(P < 0.01) was found betwee

关键词： Sarcoma Patient outcome assessment Clinical oncology Surgical oncology Patient satisfaction

Persistent organic pollutants and male reproductive health

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 71-80页

作者： Anne Vested Aleksander Giwercman Jens Peter Bonde Gunnar Toil- Department of Occupational Medicine Danish Ramazzini Centre Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark Reproductive Medicine centre Lund University Skane University Hospital Malm6 Sweden Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Bispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University

Environmental contaminants such as persistent organic pollutants （POPs） are man-made bioaccumulative compounds with long half-lives that are found throughout the world as a result of heavy use in a variety of consumer products during the twentieth century. Wildlife and animal studies have long suggested adverse effects of exposure to these compounds on human reproductive health, which, according to the endocrine disrupter hypothesis, are ascribed to the compounds＇ potential to interfere with endocrine signaling, especially when exposure occurs during certain phases of fetal and childhood development. An extensive number of epidemiological studies have addressed the possible effects of exposure to POPs on male reproductive health, but the results are conflicting. Thus far, most studies have focused on investigating exposure and the different reproductive health outcomes during adulthood. Some studies have addressed the potential harmful effects of fetal exposure with respect to malformations at birth and/ or reproductive development, whereas only a few studies have been able to evaluate whether intrauterine exposure to POPs has long-term consequences for male reproductive health with measurable effects on semen quality markers and reproductive hormone levels in adulthood. Humans are not exposed to a single compound at a time, but rather, to a variety of different substances with potential divergent hormonal effects. Hence, how to best analyze epidemiological data on combined exposures remains a significant challenge. This review on POPs will focus on current knowledge regarding the potential effects of exposure to POPs during fetal and childhood life and during adulthood on male reproductive health, including a critical revision of the endocrine disruption hypothesis, a comment on pubertal development as part of reproductive development and a comment on how to account for combined exposures in epidemiological research.

关键词： endocrine disruption male reproduction persistent organic compounds reproductive hormones semen quality

Oxidation controlled lift-off of 3D chiral plasmonic Au nano-hooks

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Nano Research 2019年第7期12卷 1635-1642页

作者： Gunnar Klos Amanda Andersen Matteo Miola Henrik Birkedal Duncan S. Sutherland Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO) Aarhus UniversityAarhus C 8000Denmark Department of Chemistry and iNANO Aarhus UniversityAarhus C 8000Denmark Carbon Dioxide Activation Center (CADIAC)- iNANO Aarhus UniversityAarhus C 8000Denmark

Colloidal suspensions of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) are a well-established tool for biomedical applications and enhanced spectroscopy because of their strong optical *** specific response is greatly dependent on the NP *** strong optical activity of chiral NPs has created special interest but fabrication of chiral NPs in solution remains ***,we present an approach whereby three-dimensional (3D) chiral Au nano-hooks,fabricated with the parallel hole-mask colloidal lithography (HMCL) method,can be lifted off from a glass substrate in a controllable manner by using a combined treatment with oxygen plasma oxidation and a reduction step in *** method has the advantage of being based on established techniques and not requiring strong acids or complex substrates as in etching based *** furthermore demonstrate the integration of the hook NPs into reversibly cross-linked hydrogels inspired by mussel catechol chemistry but containing an oxidation resistant catechol analogue grafted onto poly(allylamine) crosslinked by coordination of Al^3+ and how this facilitates the remote analysis of hydrogel microenvironment,*** water *** suspended particles are promising candidates for optically active surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS),asymmetric photo catalysis or aggregation *** integration into hydrogels to produce functional hydrogels holds benefits for applications of metamaterials in optics,sensing or activation in environmental remediation or drug delivery.

关键词： chiral nanostructures circular dichroism plasmonic sensor hole-mask colloidal lithography

A review of the sentinel prey method as a way of quantifying invertebrate predation under field conditions

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Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 528-542页

作者： Gabor L. Lovei Marco Ferrante Department of Agroecology Flakkebjerg Research Centre Aarhus University Forsgsvej 1 DK-4200 Slagelse Denmark

Sentinel prey can provide a direct, quantitative measure of predation under field conditions. Live sentinel prey provides more realistic data but rarely allows the partitioning of the total predation pressure; artificial prey is less natural but traces left by different predators are identifiable, making it suitable for comparative studies. We reviewed the available evidence of the use of both types of invertebrate sentinel prey. Fifty- seven papers used real prey, usually measuring predation on a focal （often pest） species, with studies overwhelmingly from North America. The median predation was 25.8% d-1. Artificial sentinel prey （45 papers） were used in both temperate and tropical areas, placed more above ground than at ground level. The most commonly used artificial prey imitated a caterpillar. Up to 14 predator groups were identified, registering a median of 8.8% d J predation; half the studies reported only bird predation. Predation on real prey was higher than on artificial ones, but invertebrate predation was not higher than vertebrate predation. Invertertebrate but not vertebrate predation was negatively related to prey size. Predation near the Equator was not higher than at higher latitudes, nor in cultivated than noncultivated habitats. The use of sentinel prey is not yet standardised in terms of prey size, arrangement, exposure period or data reporting. Due to the simplicity and ease of use of the method, such standardisation may increase the usefulness of comparative studies, contributing to the understanding of the importance and level of predation in various habitats worldwide.

关键词： arthropods artificial caterpillar biological control ecosystem service mortality top-down effects