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High-aspect 3D two-photon polymerization structuring with widened objective working range (WOW-2PP)

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 9-12页

作者： Kotaro Obata Ayman el-Tamer Lothar Koch Ulf Hinze Boris N Chichkov Laser Zentrum Hannover e.v. 30419 HannoverGermany

We developed a novel two-photon polymerization(2PP)configuration for fabrication of high-aspect three-dimensional(3D)structures,with an overall height larger than working distance of the microscope objective used for laser beam focusing into a photosensitive *** method is based on a modified optical 2PP setup,where a microscope objective(1003 high N.A.),immersion oil and cover glass can be moved together into the photosensitive material,resulting in an effective higher and wider objective working range(WOW-2PP).The proposed technique enables the fabrication of high-aspect structures with sub-micrometer process resolution.3D structures with a height of 7 mm are demonstrated,which could hardly be built with the conventional 2PP set-up due to refractive index mismatch and laser beam disturbances.

关键词： femtosecond laser large-scale structuring laser material processing photochemistry two-photon polymerization

Boosting propane dehydrogenation by gallium hydride species formed in situ

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 1753-1755页

作者： evgenii v.Kondratenko Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.v. Albert-Einstein-Str.29aRostock18059Germany

An inspiring paper recently published in Nature Chemistry[1]by the group of *** Gong at Tianjin University is the motivation for this highlight *** reported results show that the understanding of reaction-induced restructuring of heterogeneous catalysts is of great importance for their targeted development because usually unstable compounds can be formed and stabilized under reaction conditions.

关键词： conditions hydride stabilized

Human Performance in Critical Scenarios as a Benchmark for Highly Automated vehicles

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Automotive Innovation 2021年第3期4卷 274-283页

作者： Laura Quante Meng Zhang Katharina Preuk Caroline Schießl Institute of Transportation Systems German Aerospace Center(DLR e.V.)Lilienthalplatz 738108 BraunschweigGermany

Before highly automated vehicles(HAvs)become part of everyday traffic,their safety has to be *** use of human performance as a benchmark represents a promising approach,but appropriate methods to quantify and compare human and HAv performance are *** adapting the method of constant stimuli,a scenario-based approach to quantify the limit of(human)performance is *** method is applied to a driving simulator study,in which participants are repeatedly confronted with a cut-in manoe.v.e on a *** systematically manipulating the criticality of the manoe.v.e in terms of time to collision,humans’collision avoidance performance is *** limit of human performance is then identified by means of logistic *** calculated regression curve and its inflection point can be used for direct comparison of human and HAv ***,the presented approach represents one means by which HAvs’safety performance could be proven.

关键词： Highly automated vehicles Automated driving Proof of safety Human performance Driving performance

Laser-induced plasma formation in water with up to 400 mJ double-pulse LIBS

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第1期26卷 93-100页

作者： Marion HeNKeL Michelle SIeMeNS Ralf MeTHLING Benjamin eMDe Jörg HeRMSDORF Steffen FRANKe Diego GONZALeZ Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology(INP) Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 2Greifswald 17489Germany Laser Zentrum Hannover e.v.(LZH) Hollerithallee 8Hannover 30419Germany

Double-pulse LIBS is a promising technique for deep-sea *** measurements in shallow water with up to 400 mJ each pulse were done to select laser parameters which promote optimized spectral line emission from plasma even at elevated pressures,where line broadening until loss of most of the spectral information can *** emission spectroscopy,using a Czerny-Turner spectrometer,has been applied to investigate the dependence of the emitted radiation on laser parameters and hydrostatic *** has been found,that higher laser pulse energies,especially with short pulse delay as required in high water pressure,can also have an adverse effect on the measured spectrum.

关键词： double-pulse LIBS underwater plasma formation emission spectrosocpy

Palladium-catalysed efficient synthesis of primary alkyl halides from terminal and internal alkenes

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 63-65页

作者： Han-Jun Ai Matthias Beller Xiao-Feng Wu Dalian National Laboratory for Clean energy Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.v.

The development of remote functionalization of alkenes has recently gained considerable attention as it offers the op-portunity to directly transform a mixture of unrefined olefin isomers into a single.v.luable fine c...

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Self-assembled formation of long, thin, and uncoalesced GaN nanowires on crystalline TiN films

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Nano Research 2018年第1期11卷 565-576页

作者： David van Treeck Gabriele Calabrese Jelle J. W. Goertz vladimir M. Kaganer Oliver Brandt Sergio Fernandez-Garrido, Lutz Geelhaar PauI-Drude-lnstitut f~r Festk6rperelektronik Leibniz-lnstitut im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V. Hausvogteiplatz 5-7 I 0117 Berlin Germany

We investigate in detail the self-assembled nucleation and growth of vertically oriented GaN nanowires by molecular beam epitaxy on crystalline TiN films. We demonstrate that this type of substrate allows for the growth of long and thin GaN nanowires that do not suffer from coalescence, a problem common to the growth on Si and other substrates. Only beyond a certain nanowire length that depends on the nanowire density and exceeds here 1.5 bun, coalescence takes place by bundling, i.e. the same process as on Si. By analyzing the nearest neighbor distance distribution, we identify the diffusion-induced repulsion of neighboring nanowires as the main mechanism limiting nanowire density during nucleation on TiN. Since on Si the final density is determined by shadowing of the impinging molecular beams by existing nanowires, it is the difference in adatom surface diffusion that enables the formation of nanowire ensembles with reduced density on TiN. These nanowire ensembles combine properties that make them a promising basis for the growth of core-shell heterostructures.

关键词： nanocolumn gallium nitride nucleation metal substrate coalescence core-shell

Development of Bulk Organic Chemical Processes—History,Status,and Opportunities for Academic Research

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CCS Chemistry 2021年第3期3卷 512-530页

作者： Carolin Schneider Thomas Leischner Pavel Ryabchuk Ralf Jackstell Kathrin Junge Matthias Beller Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.v. 18059 Rostock Galapagos Nv 2800 Mechelen

The production of bulk organic chemicals has a strong impact on our daily *** this review,an ove.v.ew of important industrial processes using homogeneous catalysts is *** specific carbonylation and hydrogenation case studies,we want to show how basic research can contribute to the development of such processes and what challenges exist in this area of academic research.

关键词： catalysis bulk chemicals chemical processes sustainability methanol carbonylation hydrogenation

过渡金属催化的羰基化的杂环化合成和官能团化（英文）

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有机化学 2019年第3期39卷 573-590页

作者：尹志平王泽超吴小锋 Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.v. an der Universit?t Rostock

杂环化合物广泛的存在于天然产物、药物、有机材料以及其他官能团化的分子中.所以发展杂环合成的新的方法学有着极其重要的意义.在所有的有机合成策略中,过渡金属催化的反应,由于其相对温和的反应条件和高效的原子利用率,无疑是一种理... 详细信息

杂环化合物广泛的存在于天然产物、药物、有机材料以及其他官能团化的分子中.所以发展杂环合成的新的方法学有着极其重要的意义.在所有的有机合成策略中,过渡金属催化的反应,由于其相对温和的反应条件和高效的原子利用率,无疑是一种理想的选择.这其中,过渡金属催化的羰基化反应又是一个比较理想的反应.自从20世纪30年代首度报道以来,羰基化反应经历了长足的发展.时至今日,各种羰基化反应类型都得到发展.反应底物也囊括了卤代芳烃、烯烃、炔烃及其它未经活化的化合物.羰基来源也从一氧化碳气体拓展到了其他原位释放一氧化碳的化合物,例如甲酸、醇、醛、生物质等.对我们课题组在过去5年中在过渡金属催化的羰基化合成杂环及杂环的官能团化领域的工作进行了总结.使用铜、钯、铑、钌和铱作为催化剂,基于碳卤键和碳氢键的活化,各种杂环化合物都能被高效的合成.

关键词：过渡金属催化羰基化杂环合成羰基来源环化反应多米诺反应

TAX MORALe IN CLASSICAL ATHeNS

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2019年第2期34卷 273-288,330页

作者： Wolfgang Franzen Forschungsstelle für empirische Sozialökonomik e.v.(fores)(Office for empirical Research on Social economics Cologne)

Tax psychology is an interdisciplinary approach to explain attitudes and behavior of *** tax-psychological surveys usually focus on empirical data from contemporary societies,this article relies on historical studies of classical *** suggest that,due to specific political,social,and cultural conditions,in classical Athens tax morale has been positive and tax compliance rather high.

关键词： CLASS contemporary explain