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RNAi,a new therapeutic strategy against viral infection

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Cell Research 2004年第6期14卷 460-466页

作者： Fischer L.TAN,James Q.YIN Institute of Biophysics Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 15 Datun Road Beijing 100101 China. Chinese Academy of Sciences 15 Datun Road Beijing 100101 China.

RNA interference (RNAi) is an adaptive defense mechanism triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). It is a powerful reverse genetic tool that has been widely employed to silence gene expression in mammalian and human cells. RNAi-based gene therapies, especially in viral diseases have become more and more interesting and promising. Recently, small interfering RNA (siRNA) can be used to protect host from viral infection, inhibit the expression of viral antigen and accessory genes, control the transcription and replication of viral genome, hinder the assembly of viral particles, and display influences in virus-host interactions. In this review, we attempt to present recent progresses of this breakthrough technology in the above fields and summarize the possibilities of siRNA-based drugs.

关键词： RNAi siRNA viral infection gene therapy.

Sclerosing cholangitis associated with autoimmune pancreatitis differs from primary sclerosing cholangitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第19期15卷 2357-2360页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Kensuke Takuma Hajime Anjiki Naoto Egawa Masanao Kurata Goro Honda Kouji Tsuruta Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital3-18-22 HonkomagomeBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8677Japan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital3-18-22 HonkomagomeBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8677Japan

AIM:To clarify the characteristic features of biliary le-sions in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis(AIP) and compare them with those of primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) .METHODS:The clinicopathological characteristics of 34 patients with sclerosing cholangitis(SC) associated with AIP were compared with those of 4 patients with ***:SC with AIP occurred predominantly in el-derly *** jaundice was the most frequent initial symptom in SC with *** SC patients with AIP had elevated serum IgG4 levels,and sclerosing diseases were more frequent in these *** pa-tients with AIP responded well to steroid ***-mental stenosis of the lower bile duct was observed only in SC patients with AIP,but a beaded and pruned-tree appearance was detected only in PSC *** infi ltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells was de-tected in the bile duct wall and the periportal area,as well as in the pancreas,of SC patients with ***:SC with AIP is distinctly different from *** two diseases can be discriminated based on cholangiopancreatographic findings and serum IgG4 levels.

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis IgG4 Primarysclerosing cholangitis Sclerosing cholangitis

Production of metallic iron nanoparticles in a baffled stirred tank reactor: Optimization via computational fluid dynamics simulation

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Particuology 2020年第5期18卷 83-96页

作者： Giorgio Vilardi Nicola Verdone Sapienza University of Rome Department of Chemical Engineering Materials EnvironmentVia Eudossiana 1800184RomeItaly

The aim of this work is to optimize iron nanoparticle production in stirred tank reactors equipped with two classical impellers:Rushton and four-pitched blade turbines,which are largely used in batch industrial synthesis and efficient *** main operative parameters of nanoparticle synthesis are the precursor initial concentration,reducing agent/precursor molar ratio,impeller-tank clearance,and impeller rotational *** parameters were varied during the synthesis to find the optimal operating values based on the Fe(0)(%)production,zeta potential,particle size distribution,and powder X-ray diffraction pattern *** found that the optimal operating conditions for nanoparticle production were an impeller velocity of 1500 rpm,initial iron precursor concentration of 20 mM,molar ratio of reducing agent to iron precursor of 3 mol/mol,and impeller clearance of 0.25 and 0.4 times the vessel diameter for Rushton and four-pitched blade impellers,*** these conditions achieved a total conversion of 0.94-0.98 and yielded a product with a unimodal size distribution and average diameters in the range 30-50 *** computational fluid dynamics results agreed with the expectations,and the obtained mixing Damkohler numbers show that the process is mixed controlled.

关键词： Nano zero-valent iron Computational fluid dynamics Turbulence Micromixing Length scale

ON MODELING THE GROWTH DYNAMICS OF A STAGE STRUCTURED POPULATION

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2013年第6期6卷 29-52页

作者： GIUSEPPE BUFFONI SARA PASQUALI CNR-IMATI Via Bassini 15 20133 Milano Italy

A Lagrangian modeling approach is applied to the numerical simulation of the temporal dynamics of a stage-structured population. The growth dynamics is determined only by the main biological processes： development of an individual, mortality, reproduction. Different approaches in modeling the development process of an individual are implemented： stochastic advection-diffusion models （backward-forward dispersion models）, and stochastic development models where regression effects, defined as negative development on the status of an individual, are forbidden （forward dispersion models）. Some properties of the residence times of an individual in a stage are investigated： in particular, their role in the calibration of the development models and in the estimation of some parameters introduced in the model equation. As a study case a multi-stage pelagic copepod population is considered. Trying to separate the effects of the main biological processes on the temporal dynamics, numerical simulations have been carried out in some idealized situations： first only the development of the individuals, neglecting mortality and reproduction, is considered; then the mortality process is introduced, and finally both the mortality and reproduction processes. The results of the numerical simulations, are compared and discussed.

关键词： Stage structure residence time in a stage stochastic development models

Balancing efficiency and transparency in organic transparent photovoltaics

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npj Flexible Electronics 2022年第1期6卷 391-400页

作者： Ruiqian Meng Qianqing Jiang Dianyi Liu Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310013 Zhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province Research Center for Industries of the Future and School of EngineeringWestlake University18 Shilongshan RoadHangzhou 310024 Zhejiang ProvinceChina Institute of Advanced Technology Westlake Institute for Advanced Study18 Shilongshan RoadHangzhou 310024 Zhejiang ProvinceChina

The challenges in transparent photovoltaic(TPV)fields are still that the device transparency and efficiency are difficult to be balanced to meet the requirements of practical *** this study,we systematically investigated the interrelationship between photovoltaic film properties,optical transmission,and photovoltaic performances in the near-infrared harvesting organic *** results indicate that the photovoltaic film thickness determines the TPV’s transparency and meanwhile affects the device efficiency;by contrast,the donor-acceptor ratio only affects device efficiency and has little effect on *** controlling the film thickness and donor-acceptor ratio,the average visible transmission(AVT)of TPVs can be precisely managed in the range of 40%-85%,and the device efficiency can achieve as high as 4.06%and 2.38%while the AVT exceeds 70%and 80%,***,the large area(~10 cm^(2))TPV modules and ultra-flexible devices were then successfully prepared based on the systematical study.

关键词： transparent transparency donor

Mathematical model of absorption and hybrid heat pump

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第10期25卷 1492-1504页

作者： Grazia Leonzio Department of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics University of L'Aquila Via Giovanni Gronchi 18 67100 UAquila Italy

Recovering waste heat from industrial processes is bene ficial in order to reduce the primary energy demands and heat pumps can be used to this *** heat pumps are energy-saving and environment-friendly because use working fluids that do not cause ozone depletion and can reduce the global warming *** hybrid heat pump processes combine the conventional vapor-compression and the absorption heat pump *** about the simulations and modeling of hybrid heat pumps are few in *** this research a mathematical model for single effect absorption and hybrid heat pump is carried out with Chem Cad? ***–H_2O is used as working fluid while electrolytic NRTL and electrolytes latent heat are used as thermodynamic model due to the better *** parameters of activity coef ficients are regressed from experimental vapor pressure data while default constants are used for the solubility expressions.A design of heat pumps is developed and a new modeling of generator is *** coef ficient of performance of absorption heat pump and hybrid heat pump is equal to 0.7 and 0.83 *** absorption heat pump a sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the effect of temperature and pressure generator,the concentration of Li–Br solution on coef ficient of performance,cooling capacity and working fluid *** hybrid heat pump,the different coef ficients of performance,the primary energy ratio,the generator heat,and the compressor power are analyzed for different values of compressor *** show that comparing the two systems the hybrid pump allows to save more primary energy,costs and carbon dioxide emissions with respect to absorption heat pump with the increasing of compressor proportion *** researches should focus on the construction of this heat pumps integrated in chemical processes as a biogas plant or trigeneration systems.

关键词： Absorption heat pumps Hybrid heat pumps LiBr–H2O modeling Energy efficiency Process simulation Mathematical model

Involvement of pancreatic and bile ducts in autoimmune pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第4期12卷 612-614页

作者： TerumiKamisawa YuyangTu NaotoEgawa HitoshiNakajima KoujiTsuruta AtsutakeOkamoto Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital3-18-22 HonkomagomeBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8677Japan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital3-18-22 HonkomagomeBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8677Japan

AIM：To examine the involvement of the pancreatic and bile ducts in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis. METHODS： Clinical and cholangiopancreatographic findings of 28 patients with autoimmune pancreatitis were evaluated. For the purposes of this study, the pancreatic duct system was divided into three portions： the ventral pancreatic duct, the head portion of the dorsal pancreatic duct; and the body and tail of the dorsal pancreatic duct. RESULTS： Both the ventral and dorsal pancreatic ducts were involved in 24 patients, while in 4 patients only the dorsal pancreatic duct was involved. Marked stricture of the bile duct was detected in 20 patients and their initial symptom was obstructive jaundice. Six patients showed moderate stenosis to 30%-40% of the normal diameter, and the other two patients showed no stenosis of the bile duct. Although marked stricture of the bile duct was detected in 83% （20/24） of patients who showed narrowing of both the ventral and dorsal pancreatic ducts, it was not observed in the 4 patients who showed involvement of the dorsal pancreatic duct alone （P = 0.0034）. CONCLUSION： Both the ventral and dorsal pancreatic and bile ducts are involved in patients with autoimmune pancreatitis.

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis Dorsal pancreatic duct Ventral pancreatic duct

Reflection-Asymmetric Shell Model Description of the Neutron-Rich^142，145Ba Nuclei

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Chinese Physics Letters 2005年第6期22卷 1362-1365页

作者：陈永静陈永寿朱胜红高早春图雅 DepartmentofPhysics TsinghuaUniversityBeijing100084 China-InstituteofAtomicEnergy POBox275(18)Beijing102413

The reflection asymmetric shell model has been applied to describe the octupole deformed bands in neutron-rich even-even 142Ba and odd-N 145Ba nuclei. The alternating parity bands of 142Ba and the simplex s=-i bands of 145Ba are calculated and compared with the available experimental data. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The spin and parity assignments of ground-state of 145Ba are discussed. The results show that the present work is a useful attempt to further explore the nuclear reflection asymmetry in neutron rich region.

关键词： RASM model explain

Controllable generation of large-scale highly regular gratings on Si films

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2021年第3期2卷 88-96页

作者： Jiao Geng Xiaoguo Fang Lei Zhang Guangnan Yao Liye Xu Fengjiang Liu Weiwei Tang Liping Shi Min Qiu Key Laboratory of 3D Micro/Nano Fabrication and Characterization of Zhejiang Province School of EngineeringWestlake University18 Shilongshan RoadHangzhou 310024Zhejiang ProvinceChina Institute of Advanced Technology Westlake Institute for Advanced Study18 Shilongshan RoadHangzhou 310024Zhejiang ProvinceChina

The application of femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface texturing has significant potential in medicine,optics,tribology,and biology,among other ***,when irradiated by a large intense laser spot,the periodic structures usually exhibit an uncontrollable regularity,forming bifurcated patterns,thus limiting their widespread *** originates from numerous independent branching *** usual solution to this problem is to utilize the quasi-direct laser writing technique,that is,by limiting the laser beam size(diameter of100 wavelengths).Surprisingly,some unconventional complex patterns,such as radial,annular,and spiral gratings,can also be easily produced by structured light fields with unprecedented *** diameters reach up to>500μ***,we can artificially control the initial seeding structure to further improve the regularity of the gratings,defined by dispersion in the ripple orientation angle in their 2D Fourier *** a result,the regularity in our experiments produced by a large laser spot is even higher than that scanned by a tiny *** and highly regular ripples are beneficial to the structural coloring effects because they arise from the light diffraction by subwavelength gratings.

关键词： regularity limiting utilize