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Fluids double-fracturing genetic mechanism and mineralization of gold-copper of the breccia pipe at qibaoshan in Shandong Province

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Science China Earth Sciences 2000年第2期43卷 113-121页

作者：徐兴旺蔡新平秦大军王杰梁光河张小允刘立金 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100029 Beijing China 2. qibaoshan gold corporation Shandong Province 262321 Wuliang China

After studying the characteristics and special texture of the fluidogenous tectonics, mineral assemblage in the cemented vein between breccia and their special distribution, and stress analyzing the joint structures in and around the breccia pipe, it is found that the observed phenomena are caused by a new tectonic dynamic mechanics of fluid——double-fracturing caused bytemperature and pressure of fluids and pulsating expansion. Under the actions of thermal stress and the pressure of fluids, thermal cracks and joints that developed along parts of the thermal cracks formed systematically in the rocks. Under these conditions, up-arching fracture zones that pulsatively expanded upward and cylindrical pressing breccia body were formed. Rocks at the peak of the pyramidal fractures zone break down instantly. Where the difference between pressure of fluids and the overburden pressure exceeded greatly the competence of the rocks, fluid junctions occurred and the velocity of the fluid flow increased as a result. Explosive body expanded upward in the shape of an inverse cone, cone-like explosive breccia body and cover-like shattering breccia body located on the upper part of the breccia pipe were ultimately formed. gold-rich fluids were enriched and mineralized near the boiling surface in the lower part of the inverse cone-like explosive breccia body where temperature and pressure decreased rapidly, while copper-rich fluids were enriched and mineralized in the junction area where temperature and pressure were relatively high.

关键词： breccia pipe double-fracturing of fluids genetic mechanism mineralization of gold-copper deposit Qi-baoshan.

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Safe mining practices under wide spans in underground non-caving mines——Case studies

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第4期29卷 535-540页

作者： J.J.Ran Kinross gold corporation

Mining under wide span is of concern as it increases the probability of back caving causing personnel injury and equipment damage in underground mines in open stoping and underhand drift-and-fill *** restricting personnel access to well supported lateral development is commonly practiced,it is not always possible to implement this requirement due to various factors such as ore loss control,drilling equipment limitations,availability of remote operating capacity and consideration of *** with rules implemented to limit personnel entry into openings with wide spans,the hazards of equipment damage and back caving still *** the years,different practices have been reported and adopted to minimize risks associated with exposure to large spans in various underground *** from these practices are beneficial to current and future mines with challenges of safe extraction of thick deposits in a non-caving *** paper briefly summarizes practices in mining wide orebodies using the open stoping method without personnel access and underhand mining using the drift-andfill method with personnel exposure in the industry and presents cases from Kinross mines where the hanging pillar design was tested,and stope backs were naturally and artificially supported for extraction under wide spans using the open stoping method.

关键词： Mine safety Wide span Back stability Underhand mining Hanging pillar

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Typomorpic Characteristics of the Major Minerals in the Puziwan gold Deposit,Datong,Shanxi,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2008年第4期82卷 781-787页

作者： QING Min NIU Cuiyi LEI Shibin gold Geological Institute of Chinese Army Police Force Langfang Hebei 065000 Zhongjin gold corporation Limited Beijing 100011 gold Headquarters of Chinese Army Police Force Beijing 100010

Utilizing theories of minerageny and prospecting mineralogy, the authors studied the attitude, morphotype and chemical composition of metallic minerals of pyrite, gold, chalcopyrite, galena and sphalerite, non-metallic minerals of quartz, carbonate, dolomite and rutile in the Puziwan gold deposit. The study shows the following results. （1） The mineral assemblage is complex and the species of sulfide are abundant with occurrences of sulfosalt minerals. （2. The composition in the minerals is complex and there rich micro elements, including As, Sb, Bi, Se, Te, Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cr, Ni, V. The typomorphic characteristics of the association of the elements and their specific value suggest that gold mineralization is associated with shallow magmatic hydrothermal activity, the oreforming fluid is the mixture of abundant rising alkali magmatic water originating from the mantle or the lower crust and the descending acid atmospheric water. （3） Ankerite, Fe-rich sphalerite, granular Ti-rich rutile are widely distributed, which indicate great denudation depths, high mineralization temperature. The deposit is found in the middle and shallow positions of the porphyry series. The deep layers are not favorable for gold mineralization. （4） Copper minerals are rich in the ores and sulfides have high content of copper, suggesting possible porphyry-type Cu （Au） mineralization in deep positions and the surrounding areas.

关键词： typomorphic characteristics of minerals cryptoexplosive breccia-hosted gold deposit,Puziwan Yanggao of Shanxi

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Effect of chloride ion on bacterial pre-oxidation of arsenic-containing gold concentrate

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Journal of Central South University 2011年第5期18卷 1418-1424页

作者：杨玮覃文庆刘瑞强任允超 School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering Central South University Refinery of Shandong gold Mining Co. Ltd. Engineering Design and Research Co. Ltd.Shandong Gold Corporation

The bacterial pre-oxidation process of arsenic-containing gold concentrates and the bacterial activity under different chloride ion concentrations were studied by using a mixture of thermophilic strains TCJ domesticated in *** experimental result shows that with different samples and leaching systems,the adaptability and Cl- tolerance of bacteria are different,and that appropriate chloride ion concentration is conductive to bacterial oxidation,while higher chloride ion concentration will inhibit the bacterial activity and affect the pre-oxidation *** the present production conditions,TCJ can adapt to the changes of water quality in the source of water and its critical chloride ion tolerance value is 2.7 g/L.

关键词： chloride ions arsenic-containing gold concentrate pre-oxidation bacterial adaptation critical concentration

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Passive behavior of gold in sulfuric acid medium

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第6期25卷 2037-2046页

作者：张伟 Ahmet Deniz BAS Edward GHALI Yeonuk CHOI Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringLaval University Barrick gold corporation

Anodic behavior of pure Au as compared to platinum （Pt） in H2.O4 solutions was considered by different electrochemical techniques for an appropriate insight. Cyclic voltammetry studies showed two oxidation and one film reduction peaks for Au, while one oxygen evolution reaction for Pt. Increasing H2.04 concentration （from 0.5 to 1 mol/L） caused 2.fold increases in peak current density of Au. Increase in agitation promoted passive zone of Au, while it was negligible for Pt by potentiodynamic studies. Potentiostatic studies （2.h） at three anodic passive potentials in 1 mol/L H2.O4 showed that the admittance of Au was found to be the lowest at 1.4 V. Electrochemical noise measurements during the decay periods （16 h） after polarization showed that the thin passive film formed during potentiostatic polarization has been dissolved.

关键词： gold passivation sulfuric acid electrochemical noise

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Calculation of stratum surface principal curvature based on a moving least square method

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Journal of China University of Mining and Technology 2008年第1期18卷 59-63页

作者： LI Guo-qing MENG Zhao-ping MA Feng-shan ZHAO Hai-jun DING De-min LIU Qin WANG Cheng Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China School of Mmeral Resources and Safety Engmeertng China University of Mining ＆ Tecl~nology BeOing 100083 China Sanshandao gold Mine Shandong Gold Group Corporation Limited Laizhou Shandong 261442 China

With the east section of the Changji sag Zhunger Basin as a case study, both a principal curvature method and a moving least square method are elaborated. The moving least square method is introduced, for the first time, to fit a stratum surface. The results show that, using the same-degree base function, compared with a traditional least square method, the moving least square method can produce lower fitting errors, the fitting surface can describe the morphological characteristics of stratum surfaces more accurately and the principal curvature values vary within a wide range and may be more suitable for the prediction of the distribution of structural fractures. The moving least square method could be useful in curved surface fitting and stratum curvature analysis.

关键词： principal curvatures moving least square method surface fitting structural fractures

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Calculation and Management for Mining Loss and Dilution under 3D Visualization Technical Condition

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2011年第5期4卷 329-334页

作者： Weijing Wang Shaofeng Huang Xiaobo Wu Qingfei Ma University of Science & Technology China National gold Group corporation

The mining loss rate and dilution rate are the key indicators for the mining technology and management level of mining enterprises. Aiming at the practical problems such as the large workload but inaccurate data of the traditional loss and dilution calculation method, this thesis introduces the operating principle and process of calculating the loss rate and dilution rate at the mining fields by adopting geological models. As an example, authors establishes 3D models of orebody units in the exhausted area and mining fields in Yangshu gold Mine in Liaoning Province, and conduct Boolean calculation among the models to obtain the calculation parameters of loss and dilution, and thereby calculate out the dilution rate and loss rate of the mining fields more quickly and accurately.

关键词： Calculation and Management Mining Loss and Dilution 3D Visualization Introduction

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Active and passive behaviors of gold in cyanide solutions

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第10期25卷 3442-3453页

作者： Ahmet Deniz BAS Fariba SAFIZADEH Wei ZHANG Edward GHALI Yeonuk CHOI Department of Mining Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringLaval University Barrick gold corporation Suite 3700161 Bay Street P.O.Box 212 TorontoOntario M5J 2S1Canada

Active and passive behaviors of pure gold（Au） and roasted gold ore（RGO） electrodes were investigated at 2. °C in de-aerated agitated cyanide *** voltammetry and potentiodynamic polarization with agitation at 100 r/min in 0.04 mol/L NaCN solution showed different peak positions and current *** tests illustrate that the peak current densities increase greatly with increasing the cyanide *** the pH value from 10 to 11 resultes in a great decrease of current density,while it increases noticeably by decreasing the agitation from 100 to 60 r/*** the presence of oxygen,Au and RGO electrodes show different characteristics of peak positions and corrosion *** potentiostatic studies show that increasing the potential from 1 to 1.4 V at pH value of 11 results in an 80% decrease of current density while decreasing the pH value from 11 to 10 at 1 V gives a 1.7 fold increase of current density,possibly due to more effective passive *** polarization,electrochemical noise measurements（ENM） during decay periods show that Au results in more passive states at high potentials,showing pitting *** ENM results show that this technique can be a promising tool for a better understanding of gold *** XPS studies prove the presence of passive oxides.

关键词： pure gold roasted gold ore cyanide passivation electrochemical noise

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Paleogene Tectonic Evolution Controls on Sequence Stratigraphic Patterns in the Central Part of Deepwater Area of Qiongdongnan Basin, Northern South China Sea

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Journal of Earth Science 2014年第2期25卷 275-288页

作者： Guangzeng Song Hua Wang Huajun Gan Zhipeng Sun Xiaolong Liu Meng Xu Jinfeng Ren Ming Sun Di Sun Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources China University of Geosciences Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences Research Institute of China National Offshore Oil corporation Ltd.-Zhanjiang Research Institute of China National Offshore Oil corporation Ltd. Shandong Province Experimental Institute of Geological Sciences Key Laboratory of Gold Mineralization Process and Resources Utilization Ministry of Land and Resources Petroleum Development Centre Shengli Oilfield Company SINOPEC

In active rift basins, tectonism is extremely important for sequence stratigraphic patterns, affecting both the sequence architecture and internal makeup. Sequence stratigraphic framework of a Paleogene rift succession in Qiongdongnan Basin, northern South China Sea, was built using seismic profiles, complemented by well logs and cores. One first-order and three second-order sequences were identified on the basis of basin-scale unconformities, and seven third-order sequences are defined by unconformities along the basin margins and correlative conformities within the central basin. Through unconformity analysis and backstripping procedure, the Paleogene synrift tectonic evolution of deep- water area of Qiongdongnan Basin was proved to be episodic, which can be divided into rifting stage-I, rifting stage-II and rifting stage-III. Episodic rifting resulted in the formation of various types of struc- tural slope break belts, which controlled different architectures and internal makeup of sequences. This study enhances the understanding of the control of tectonic evolution on sequence stratigraphic pat- terns and establishes relevant patterns in a typical rift basin, and further proposes the favorable sand- stone reservoirs developing in different sequence stratigraphic patterns, which will be pretty helpful for subtle pool exploration in deepwater area of petroliferous basins.

关键词： South China Sea deepwater area tectonic evolution structural slope break belt se-quence stratigraphic pattern.

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SOI-based radial-contour-mode micromechanical disk resonator

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Journal of Semiconductors 2011年第11期32卷 72-76页

作者：贾英茜赵正平杨拥军胡晓东李倩 School of Information Engineering Hebei University of Technology The 13th Research Institute China Electronics Technology Group Corporation China Electronics Technology Group corporation

This paper reports a radial-contour-mode micromechanical disk resonator for radio frequency applications. This disk resonator with a gold plated layer as the electrodes, was prepared on a silicon-on-insulator wafer, which is supported by an anchor on another silicon wafer through Au-Au thermo-compression bonding. The gap between the disk and the surrounding gold electrodes is 100 nm. The radius of the disk is 2.μm and the thickness is 4.5 μm. In results, the resonator shows a resonant frequency of 143 MHz and a quality factor of 5600 in vacuum

关键词： RF-MEMS micromechanical disk resonator SOI, thermo-compression bonding

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