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RECONSIDERATION OF THE URBANIZATION RESEARCH IN CHINA

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Chinese Geographical Science 2000年第2期10卷 119-124页

作者： ZHANG Jing-xiang(department of Urban and {1. Science, Nanjing University, Nanjng 21.093, P R. China) department of Urban and {1. Science Nanjing University Nanjing P. R. China

By restudying some ideas existing in the current urbanization research field in China, this article truly puts forward the inquisitive opinion with respect to the urbanization progress, urban scale, spatial transfer of urbanization and suburbanization in China, etc. It indicates that the urbanization shall abide by the economic laws, but government should bring the appropriate adjustment and control into play as well; the urbanization shall not be limited to the west ern pattern and simple phenomenal analysis, but to pursue the virtually healthy, orderly and sustainable development of cities is the man aim for urbanization. The main views of this article are as follows: 1.) As far as Chinese urbanization is concerned, it is in a different age compared with the west, and it has one special domestic background, so its speed and mode are different from the west and the speed can’ t be too fast. 2) External extending economic evelopment will still last for a Period. And the urbanization development has big spatial requirements. Therefore, intensive development mode of space should be explored. 3) The suburbanization in China has special forming mechanism and relevant social problems, which should be treated seriously.

关键词： urbanization suburbanization urban scale

COVID-1. vaccine updates for people under different conditions

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 2323-2343页

作者： Yijiao Huang Weiyang Wang Yan Liu Zai Wang Bin Cao National Center for Respiratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Institute of Respiratory Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Center of Respiratory Medicine China-Japan Friendship Hospital School of Basic Medical Sciences Tsinghua Medicine Tsinghua University Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences Tsinghua University Peking Union Medical College Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences department of Infectious Disease The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences China-Japan Friendship Hospital Changping Laboratory department of Respiratory Medicine Capital Medical University New Cornerstone Science Laboratory China-Japan Friendship Hospital

SARS-Co V-2 has caused global waves of infection since December 201. and continues to persist today. The emergence of SARS-Co V-2variants with strong immune evasion capabilities has compromised the effectiveness of existing vaccines against breakthrough ***, it is important to determine the best utilization strategies for different demographic groups given the variety of vaccine options available. In this review, we will discuss the protective efficacy of vaccines during different stages of the epidemic and emphasize the importance of timely updates to target prevalent variants, which can significantly improve immune protection. While it is recognized that vaccine effectiveness may be lower in certain populations such as the elderly, individuals with chronic comorbidities(e.g., diabetes with poor blood glucose control, those on maintenance dialysis), or those who are immunocompromised compared to the general population,administering multiple doses can result in a strong protective immune response that outweighs potential risks. However, caution should be exercised when considering vaccines that might trigger an intense immune response in populations prone to inflammatory flare or other complications. In conclusion, individuals with special conditions require enhanced and more effective immunization strategies to prevent infection or reinfection, as well as to avoid the potential development of long COVID.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 vaccine variants of concern elderly immunocompromised

The renewability and quality of shallow groundwater in Sanjiang and Songnen Plain, Northeast China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第1期16卷 229-238页

作者： ZHANG Bing SONG Xian-fang ZHANG Ying-hua HAN Dong-mei TANG Chang-yuan YANG Lihi WANG Zhong-liang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water resources and Environment Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387 P.R.China Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 P.R.China departments of Environmental Science & Landscape Architecture Faculty of Horticulture Chiba University Chiba 271-8510 Japan

Groundwater is a key component for water resources in Sanjiang and Songnen Plain, an important agriculture basement in China. The quality and the renewability of irrigation groundwater are essential for the stock raising and agricultural production. Shallow groundwater was sampled and analyzed for various variables. The salinity sodium concentration and bicarbonate hazard, were examined with regard to the United States {1. of Agriculture （USDA） irrigation water standards. The concentration of chlorofluorocarbons （CFCs） was determined to analyze the age of groundwater. Most groundwater samples labeled as excellent to good for irrigation with low salinity hazard or medium salinity hazard. Four groundwater samples were good and suspected for irrigation with high salinity hazard. Generally groundwater in Sanjiang Plain was younger than the groundwater in Songnen Plain. Meanwhile, groundwater nearby river is younger than the groundwater further away inside the watershed. The mean age of groundwater in Sanjiang Plain is in average of 44.1.47.9 and 32.8 years by CFC-1. （CCI3F）, CFC-1. （CCI2F2） and CFC-1.3 （C2CI3F3）, respectively. The mean ages of groundwater in Songnen Plain is in average of 46.1. 53.4, and 40.7 years by CFC-1., CFC-1. and CFC-1.3, respectively. Thus, groundwater nearby rivers could be directly exploited as irrigation water. Partial groundwater has to be processed to lower the salt concentration rather than directly utilized as irrigation water in Songnen Plain. Both water quality and renewability should be put in mind for sustainable agricultural development and water resources management.

关键词： groundwater irrigation water quality renewability agricultural development Sanjiang and Songnen Plain

Poly(ferulic acid)nanocarrier enhances chemotherapy sensitivity of acute myeloid leukemia by selectively targeting inflammatory macrophages

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第9期35卷 289-295页

作者： Weijian Zhang Xianyu Deng Liying Wang Jian Wang Xiuting Guo Lianggui Huang Xinyi Wang Jun Wu Linjia Jiang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China department of Otolaryngology Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China department of Hematology The Seventh Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China department of Pediatrics Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510120China Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)NanshaGuangzhou 511400China Division of Life Science The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong SAR 999077China

Macrophages,as a subset of innate immune cells,play a pivotal role in the initiation,maintenance,and resolution of inflammatory responses during tissue damage repair,defense against infections,and tumor ***,the mechanisms by which macrophages regulate inflammation in acute myeloid leukemia(AML)and their involvement in the chemotherapeutic effect remain *** this study,we have identified that AML cells stimulate macrophage expansion by activating the colony-stimulating factor 1.receptor(CSF1.)*** expanded macrophages activate nuclear factor kappa-B(NFκB)to induce the expression of inflammatory factors,thereby maintaining leukemic cell quiescence and promoting cell survival following ***,we have successfully utilized a poly(ferulic acid)nanocarrier to selectively target macrophages for inhibiting the NFκB-mediated inflammation,ultimately enhancing chemotherapy efficacy against *** together,our findings highlight the crucial role of macrophage-induced inflammation in conferring chemoresistance to AML,and demonstrate the potential of a targeted nanocarrier specifically designed for inflammatory macrophages to improve the AML chemotherapeutic outcomes.

关键词： Acute myeloid leukemia Chemoresistance Macrophage Inflammation NFκB

Determining the spatial distribution of soil properties using the environmental covariates and multivariate statistical analysis: a case study in semi-arid regions of Iran

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第4期11卷 551-566页

作者： Mojtaba ZERAATPISHEH Shamsollah AYOUBI Magboul SULIEMAN JesusRODRIGO-COMINO department of Soil Science College of AgricultureIsfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan84156-83111Iran Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions College of Environment andPlanningHenan UniversityKaifeng475004China department of Soil Science Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of KhuzestanAhvaz***Iran department of Soil and Environment Sciences Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of KhartoumShambat13314Sudan Instituto de Geomorfologia y Suelos Department of GeographyUniversity of MalagaMalaga29071Spain

natural soil-forming factors such as landforms, parent materials or biota lead to high variability in soil properties. However, there is not enough research quantifying which environmental factor(s) can be the most relevant to predicting soil properties at the catchment scale in semi-arid areas. Thus, this research aims to investigate the ability of multivariate statistical analyses to distinguish which soil properties follow a clear spatial pattern conditioned by specific environmental characteristics in a semi-arid region of Iran. To achieve this goal, we digitized parent materials and landforms by recent orthophotography. Also, we extracted ten topographical attributes and five remote sensing variables from a digital elevation model(DEM) and the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper(ETM), respectively. These factors were contrasted for 334 soil samples(depth of 0–30 cm). Cluster analysis and soil maps reveal that Cluster 1.comprises of limestones, massive limestones and mixed deposits of conglomerates with low soil organic carbon(SOC) and clay contents, and Cluster 2 is composed of soils that originated from quaternary and early quaternary parent materials such as terraces, alluvial fans, lake deposits, and marls or conglomerates that register the highest SOC content and the lowest sand and silt contents. Further, it is confirmed that soils with the highest SOC and clay contents are located in wetlands, lagoons, alluvial fans and piedmonts, while soils with the lowest SOC and clay contents are located in dissected alluvial fans, eroded hills, rock outcrops and steep hills. The results of principal component analysis using the remote sensing data and topographical attributes identify five main components, which explain 73.3% of the total variability of soil properties. Environmental factors such as hillslope morphology and all of the remote sensing variables can largely explain SOC variability, but no significant correlation is found for soil texture and calcium carbon

关键词： soil properties remote sensing data topographical attributes multivariate statistical analyses geographic information systems land management

Evaluation of the Anti-Poaching Programme of the Cross River National Park Okwango Division, Nigeria 2002 to 201.

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Open Journal of forestry 2014年第5期4卷 507-511页

作者： Augustine Ugar Ogogo Sijah Agbor Asuk Rebecca Victor Ikpeme department of {1. and Wildlife resources Management University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Cross River National Park Headquarters Akamkpa Nigeria

Poaching of wildlife has continued to be the major problem confronting national parks managers in Nigeria in spite of effort being made to curb the ugly trend. This paper examined the anti-poaching programme of the Cross River National Park Okwango Division Nigeria from 2002 to 201., with a view to making recommendations for the improvement of the programme. Focused group discussions, personal interviews, review of official records and structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Analysis of variance using randomized complete block design and student’s t-test were used to analyse data. Result showed that 1.- 5 arrests of poachers per month per patrol station was significantly (P 0.05) in the number of poachers arrested and fined between 2002 to 2006 and 2007 to 201.. The low performance of the anti-poaching programme was attributed to poorly equipped rangers’ posts as well as well the absence of alternative livelihood options in the enclave and surrounding communities. It was recommended that more rangers should be employed, and the rangers should be adequately kitted, well equipped patrol stations be constructed and the enclave and surrounding communities be involved in the management of the National Park in addition to providing them with alternative livelihood options.

关键词： Evaluation Anti-Poaching Cross River National Park Okwango Nigeria

A review of selected parasitic plants in Nigeria:converting harms to benefits

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natural Therapy Advances 2024年第3期7卷 14-28页

作者： Funmilayo I.D.Afolayan Ridwan A.Salaam Ebenezer S.Oladokun Samson D.Adesoye department of Zoology University of IbadanIbadan 200132Nigeria

Parasitic plants are challenging to agricultural crops and forestry development,which are sources of major revenues in several countries,including ***,parasitic plants are important to human society as they have an abundance of bioactive compounds with pharmacological ***,it becomes expedient to know the benefits of these plants and potential means of *** review discusses four selected parasitic plants in Nigeria,namely Viscum album,Striga hermonthica,Tapinanthus bangwensis and Cuscuta *** information about their pharmacological relevance and biocontrol was obtained from credible databases,including the National Library of Medicine,SCOPUS,and Google *** review showed that all four plants have been extensively studied for their antioxidant and antitumor ***,antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities are common pharmacological values among parasitic *** are largely due to the presence of abundant beneficial classes of ***,there is an increasing number of biocontrol studies on the use of microorganisms,such as Phaeobotryosphaeria visci,Sphaeropsis visci,Pandoraea pulminicol,Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,and Fusarium oxysporum in controlling and managing these seemingly disastrous *** is hoped that this review will spur further studies into the conservation and proper management of parasitic plants using strategically developed biocontrol.

关键词： parasitic plants pharmacological values biocontrol plant management and control ethnopharmacology

Palladium-catalyzed S_(N)2 glycosylation of phenols

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1037-1038页

作者： Yu Zhu P.Andrew Evans department of Chemistry Queen’s University90 Bader LaneKingstonK7L 3N6Canada Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South UniversityChangsha 410013China

Glycosides are essential structural motifs present in an array of important medicines,materials,and natural products[1..Nevertheless,the chemo-and stereoselective construction of the glycosidic linkage is a long-standing challenge because relatively minor variations in the glycosyl donor or acceptor’s structure can impact stereoselectivity,thus influencing the product's functional properties.

关键词： properties Palladium catalyzed

Spatial Prediction of Soil Salinity in a Semiarid Oasis: Environmental Sensitive Variable Selection and Model Comparison

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Chinese Geographical Science 2019年第5期29卷 784-797页

作者： LI Zhen LI Yong XING An ZHUO Zhiqing ZHANG Shiwen ZHANG Yuanpei HUANG Yuanfang College of resources and Environment Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China School of Earth and Environment Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan232001China Institute of Crop Sciences Ningxia Academy ofAgricultural and Forestry SciencesYinchuan750002China

Timely monitoring and early warning of soil salinity are crucial for saline soil management. Environmental variables are commonly used to build soil salinity prediction model. However, few researches have been done to summarize the environmental sensitive variables for soil electrical conductivity(EC) estimation systematically. Additionally, the performance of Multiple Linear Regression(MLR), Geographically Weighted Regression(GWR), and Random Forest regression(RFR) model, the representative of current main methods for soil EC prediction, has not been explored. Taking the north of Yinchuan plain irrigation oasis as the study area, the feasibility and potential of 64 environmental variables, extracted from the Landsat 8 remote sensed images in dry season and wet season, the digital elevation model, and other data, were assessed through the correlation analysis and the performance of MLR, GWR, and RFR model on soil salinity estimation was compared. The results showed that: 1. 1. of 1. imagery texture and spectral band reflectivity environmental variables extracted from Landsat 8 image in dry season were significantly correlated with soil EC, while only 3 of these indices extracted from Landsat 8 image in wet season have significant correlation with soil EC. Channel network base level, one of the terrain attributes, had the largest absolute correlation coefficient of 0.47 and all spatial location factors had significant correlation with soil EC. 2) Prediction accuracy of RFR model was slightly higher than that of the GWR model, while MLR model produced the largest error. 3) In general, the soil salinization level in the study area gradually increased from south to north. In conclusion, the remote sensed imagery scanned in dry season was more suitable for soil EC estimation, and topographic factors and spatial location also play a key role. This study can contribute to the research on model construction and variables selection for soil salinity estimation in arid and se

关键词： soil salinity environmental variable random forest regression geographic weighted regression Yinchuan Plain irrigation oasis