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Effect of tillage state of paddy soils with heavy metal pollution on the nosZ gene of N_(2)O reductase

Journal of environmental {1. 2024年第3期137卷 469-477页

作者： Liping Jiang Shiguang Liu Shanyun Wang Libo Sun Guibing Zhu Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China School of environmental and Civil {1. Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Paddy soils are an important source of atmospheric nitrous oxide(N_(2)O).However,numerous studies have focused on N_(2)O production during the soil tillage period,neglecting the N_(2)O production during the dry fallow *** this study,we conducted an incubation experiment using the acetylene inhibition technique to investigate N_(2)O emission and reduction rates of paddy soil profiles(0-1.m)from Guangdong Province and Jinlin Province in China,with different heavy-metal pollution *** abundance and community structures of denitrifying bacteria were determined via quantitative-PCR and Illumina MiSeq sequencing of nosZ,nirK,and nirS *** results showed that the potential N_(2)O emission rate,N_(2)O production rate,and denitrification rate have decreased with increasing soil vertical depth and heavy-metal *** importantly,we found that the functional gene type of N_(2)O reductase switched with the tillage state of paddy soils,which cladeⅡnos Z genes were the dominant gene during the tillage period,while cladeⅠnos Z genes were the dominant gene during the dry fallow *** heavy-metal pollution has less effect on the niche differentiation of the nos Z *** N_(2)O emission rate was significantly regulated by the genus Bradyhizobium,which contains both N_(2)O reductase and nitrite reductase *** findings suggests that the nos Z gene of N_(2)O reductase can significantly impact the N_(2)O emission from paddy soils.

关键词： Pappy soils N_(2)O reductase nosZ gene Heavy-metal pollution

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CCaP1.CCaP2/CCaP3 interact with plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPases and promote thermoresponsive growth by regulating cell wall modification in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2024年第7期5卷 90-105页

作者： Jing-Jing Wang Juan Gao Wei Li Jian-Xiang Liu State Key Laboratory of Plant environmental Resilience College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China college of {1. and Resource sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Arabidopsis plants adapt to warm temperatures by promoting hypocotyl growth primarily through the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor PIF4 and its downstream genes involved in auxin responses,which enhance cell *** the current study,we discovered that cell wall-related calcium-binding protein 2(CCaP2)and its paralogs CCaP1.and CCaP3 function as positive regulators of thermo-responsive hypocotyl growth by promoting cell elongation in ***,mutations in CCaP1.CCaP2/CCaP3 do not affect the expression of PIF4-regulated classic downstream ***,they do noticeably reduce the expression of xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase genes,which are involved in cell wall *** also found that CCaP1.CCaP2/CCaP3 are predominantly localized to the plasma membrane,where they interact with the plasma membrane H^(+)-ATPases AHA1.***,we observed that vanadate-sensitive H^(+)-ATPase activity and cell wall pectin and hemicellulose contents are significantly increased in wild-type plants grown at warm temperatures compared with those grown at normal growth temperatures,but these changes are not evident in the ccap1.1.ccap2-1.ccap3-1.triple ***,our findings demonstrate that CCaP1.CCaP2/CCaP3 play an important role in controlling thermo-responsive hypocotyl growth and provide new insights into the alternative pathway regulating hypocotyl growth at warm temperatures through cell wall modification mediated by CCaP1.CCaP2/CCaP3.

关键词： AHA1.AHA2 CCaP1.CCaP2/CCaP3 cell wall modification hypocotyl growth thermomorphogenesis warm temperature

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Storage, form, and influencing factors of karst inorganic carbon in a carbonate area in China

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Science China Earth sciences 2024年第3期67卷 725-739页

作者： Chaochao DU Xiaoyong BAI Yangbing LI Qiu TAN Cuiwei ZHAO Guangjie LUO Luhua WU Fei CHEN Chaojun LI Chen RAN Sirui ZHANG Lian XIONG Fengjiao SONG Biqin XIAO Zilin LI Yingying XUE Mingkang LONG Qing LUO Xiaoyun ZHANG Minghui LI Xiaoqian SHEN Shu YANG State Key Laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China School of Geography and environmental {1. Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi'an 710061China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic State Monitoring of Watershed Guizhou Normal CollegeGuiyang 550018China college of Resources and {1. engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China

Carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sinks reduce the rate of increase of the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and global warming. However, uncertainty still exists in the estimation results of carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sink fluxes(CCSF), and the contributions of climate change and ecological restoration to the CCSF are not clear. To this end, we compiled published site data on ion concentrations in different watersheds in China and used a classical thermodynamic dissolution model to reassess the potential and spatial and temporal patterns of the CCSF in China from 1.91.to 2020. We quantified the contributions of temperature(MAT), precipitation(MAP), evapotranspiration(ET), soil water(SM), and the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) to the CCSF. The results revealed that(1. China's CCSF was 22.76 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1., which was higher than the global average(1..77 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1.). The total carbonate rock chemical weathering carbon sink(CCS) was 4772.67×1.^(4)t CO_(2), contributing 1..91. of the global CCS through a carbonate rock area of 252.98×1.^(4)km^(-2).(2) China's CCSF decreased gradually from southeast to northwest, with values of 33.1., 1..93, and7.27 t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1.in the southern karst, Qinghai-Tibetan karst, and northern karst regions, respectively.(3) The overall CCSF in China exhibited an increasing trend from 1.91.to 2020, with a rate of increase of 0.1. t CO_(2)km^(-2)yr^(-1..(4) The contributions of the MAP, MAT, ET, SM, and NDVI to the CCSF were 63.3%, 3.02%, 27.5%, 3.1., and 3.05%, respectively. Among them, the increase in precipitation was the main contributor to the increase in the CCSF in China over the last 30 years, while the enhancement of ET offset part of the positive contribution of the increase in precipitation to the CCSF. In conclusion, the results of this study provide a systematic quantification of the magnitude, the patterns, and the influencing factors of CCS over a long time series in

关键词： Carbonate rocks Carbon sinks Patterns Influencing factors Thermodynamic dissolution modeling

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Efficient reduction and adsorption of Cr(Ⅵ)using FeCl_(3)-modified biochar:Synergistic roles of persistent free radicals and Fe(Ⅱ)

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Journal of environmental {1. 2024年第3期137卷 626-638页

作者： Shujie Hu Chengshuai Liu Hongling Bu Manjia Chen Ying-heng Fei National-Regional Joint engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and ManagementInstitute of Eco-environmental and Soil SciencesGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China State Key Laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of ScienceGuiyang 550081China School of Environment Science and engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China college of Resources and Environment Chongqing SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China School of environmental Science and {1. Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

Transition metal iron and persistent free radicals(PFRs)both affect the redox properties of biochar,but the electron transfer relationship between them and the coupling reduction mechanism of Cr(Ⅵ)requires further *** untangle the interplay between iron and PFRs in biochar and the infuences on redox properties,FeCl_(3)-modified rice husk biochar(FBCs)was prepared and its reduction mechanism for Cr(Ⅵ)without light was *** FBCs had higher surface positive charges,oxygen-containing functional groups,and PFRs compared with pristine rice husk biochar(BC).Phenoxyl PFRs with high electrondonating capability formed in *** pronounced electron paramagnetic resonance signals showed that the PFRs preferred to form at lower Fe(Ⅲ)*** a high concentration of Fe(Ⅲ)would be reduced to Fe(Ⅱ)and consumed the formed *** kinetics and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated that the FBCs effectively enhanced the Cr(Ⅵ)removal efficiency by 1.54-8.20 fold and the Cr(Ⅵ)reduction efficiency by 1.88-9.29 fold compared to those of *** quenching and competitive reductant addition experiments revealed that the higher Cr(Ⅵ)reduction performance of FBCs was mainly attributed to the formed PFRs,which could contribute to~74.0%of Cr(Ⅵ)reduction by direct or indirect electron *** PFRs on FBCs surfaces could promote the Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)cycle through single electron transfer and synergistically accelerate~52.3%of Cr(Ⅵ)*** study provides an improved understanding of the reduction mechanism of iron-modified biochar PFRs on Cr(Ⅵ)in environments.

关键词： Biochar Iron-modification Cr(Ⅵ) Electron transfer Reduction mechanism

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Sedimentary Environment and Mineralization of the Black Shale Polymetallic Layer in the Early Cambrian,SW China:Constraints from in situ LA-ICP-MS Analysis of Pyrite

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第2期98卷 416-429页

作者： YANG Zhen FU Yong LI Chao CAI Xi GUO Chuan college of Eco-{1. engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China college of Resources and {1. engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and the Environment Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 500025China National Research Center for Geoanalysis Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China

A polymetallic layer is usually developed at the bottom of the early Cambrian black shale in Guizhou *** mineral that makes up the polymetallic layer is related to the sedimentary *** analyze the differentiation mechanism between polymetallic deposits(Ni-Mo and V),the Zhijin Gezhongwu profile located in the outer shelf and the Sansui Haishan V deposit located in the lower slope are selected to study the in situ sulfur isotopes and trace elements of *** results show that δ^(34)S values of pyrite vary widely from−7.8‰to 28‰in the Gezhongwu profile,while the δ^(34)S values are relatively uniform(from 27.8‰to 38.4‰)in the Haishan *** isotopic S composition is consistent with the transition that occurs in the sedimentary phase from the shelf to the deep sea on the transgressive Yangtze platform;this indicates that the δ^(34)SO_(4)^(2−)values in seawater must be differently distributed in depositional *** sulfur in the Ni-Mo layer is produced after the mixing of seawater and hydrothermal fluid,while the V layer mainly originates from ***,the Ni-Mo and V deposits have been differentiated primarily on the basis of the combined effect of continental weathering and hydrothermal fluid.

关键词： sedimentary environment black shale polymetallic layer pyrite early Cambrian

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NFXL1.functions as a transcriptional activator required for thermotolerance at reproductive stage in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 54-65页

作者： Qiao‐Yun Zhu Lin‐Lin Zhang Jian‐Xiang Liu State Key Laboratory of Plant environmental Resilience College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Plants are highly susceptible to abiotic stresses,particularly heat stress during the reproductive ***,the specific molecular mechanisms underlying this sensitivity remain largely *** the current study,we demonstrate that the Nuclear Transcription Factor,X-box Binding Protein 1.Like 1.NFXL1.,directly regulates the expression of DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN 2A(DREB2A),which is crucial for reproductive thermotolerance in ***1.is upregulated by heat stress,and its mutation leads to a reduction in silique length(seed number)under heat stress ***-Seq analysis reveals that NFXL1.has a global impact on the expression of heat stress responsive genes,including DREB2A,Heat Shock Factor A3(HSFA3)and Heat Shock Protein 1..6(HSP1..6)in flower ***,NFXL1.is enriched in the promoter region of DREB2A,but not of either HSFA3 or *** experiments using electrophoretic mobility shift assay have confirmed that NFXL1.directly binds to the DNA fragment derived from the DREB2A ***,effector-reporter assays have shown that NFXL1.activates the DREB2A *** DREB2A mutants are also heat stress sensitive at the reproductive stage,and DEREB2A is epistatic to NFXL1.in regulating thermotolerance in flower *** is known that HSFA3,a direct target of DREB2A,regulates the expression of heat shock proteins genes under heat stress ***,our findings establish NFXL1.as a critical upstream regulator of DREB2A in the transcriptional cassette responsible for heat stress responses required for reproductive thermotolerance in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Arabidopsis DREB2A heat stress NFXL1 reproductive thermotolerance

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Underestimated Methane Emissions from Solid Waste Disposal Sites Reveal Missed Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Opportunities

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engineering 2024年第5期36卷 12-15页

作者： Yao Wang Chuanbin Zhou Ziyang Lou Houhu Zhang Abid Hussain Liangtong Zhan Ke Yin Mingliang Fang Xunchang Fei School of Civil and environmental {1. Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of environmental Science and {1. Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Nanjing Institute of environmental {1. Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentNanjing 210042China Department of Civil and environmental {1. Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Ministry of Education(MOE)Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental {1. Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of environmental {1. School of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of environmental Science and {1. Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

*** Cities are responsible for approximately 70%of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions and about 60%of all anthropogenic methane(CH4)emissions[1.2].Solid waste disposal sites(including landfills and dumpsites),which are prevalent in global cities,emit CH4 generated from the anaerobic biodegradation of municipal solid waste(MSW).Notably,the proportions of CH4 emissions from disposal sites surpass 50%of the total CH4 emissions in some megalopolises[3].CH4 has a high global warming potential(GWP),being 28 times stronger than carbon dioxide(CO_(2))over a 1.0-year period and 80 times stronger over a 20-year period[4].Understanding and mitigating CH4 emissions from solid waste disposal sites is particularly pertinent and pressing,considering that the latest Synthesis Report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC)emphasizes that the current pace of mitigation and adaptation policies and measures falls short of restraining global temperature rise to under 1.5℃ within the 21.t century[4].More than 1.0 countries signed the Global Methane Pledge at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow(COP26),which aims to reduce global annual CH4 emissions by 30%by 2030,compared with emissions in 2020[5].

关键词： landfill Solid restrain

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Data-driven interpretable analysis for polysaccharide yield prediction

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 91-99页

作者： Yushi Tian Xu Yang Nianhua Chen Chunyan Li Wulin Yang School of Resource and Environment Northeast Agriculture UniversityHarbin150030PR China college of {1. sciences and engineering Peking UniversityBeijing100871PR China

Cornstalks show promise as a raw material for polysaccharide production through *** and accurate prediction of polysaccharide yield can facilitate process optimization,eliminating the need for extensive experimentation in actual production to refine reaction conditions,thereby saving time and ***,the intricate interplay of enzymatic factors poses challenges in predicting and optimizing polysaccharide yield ***,we introduce an innovative data-driven approach leveraging multiple artificial intelligence techniques to enhance polysaccharide *** propose a machine learning framework to identify highly accurate polysaccharide yield prediction modeling methods and uncover optimal enzymatic parameter ***,Random Forest(RF)and eXtreme Gradient Boost(XGB)demonstrate robust performance,achieving prediction accuracies of 93.0%and 95.6%,respectively,while an independently developed deep neural network(DNN)model achieves 91.1.accuracy.A feature importance analysis of XGB reveals the enzyme solution volume's dominant role(43.7%),followed by time(20.7%),substrate concentration(1.%),temperature(1.%),and pH(5.6%).Further interpretability analysis unveils complex parameter interactions and potential optimization *** data-driven approach,incorporating machine learning,deep learning,and interpretable analysis,offers a viable pathway for polysaccharide yield prediction and the potential recovery of various agricultural residues.

关键词： Cornstalk Xylanase Polysaccharide yield prediction Machine learning Model interpretability

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Unraveling the role of formate in improving nitrogen removal via coupled partial denitrification-anammox

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Frontiers of environmental Science & {1. 2024年第9期18卷 79-90页

作者： Wanlu Zhu Rui Xiao Min Xu Wenbo Chai Wenlong Liu Zhengyu Jin David Ikumi Huijie Lu Key Laboratory of environmental Remediation and Ecological Health(Ministry of Education) College of Environmental and Resource SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China China National Nuclear Corporation Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and MetallurgyBeijing 100029China college of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas National Ethnic Affairs CommissionCollege of Life&Environmental SciencesMinzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China Water Research Group Department of Civil EngineeringUniversity of Cape TownRondebosch 7700South Africa Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and environmental Safety Hangzhou 310058China

The addition of traditional carbon sources(e.g.,acetate)could favor heterotrophic overgrowth in partial denitrification coupled with anammox(PD–A)systems,thus hindering the performance and stability of this novel wastewater nitrogen removal ***,it is necessary to develop an effective,environmentally friendly,and inexpensive *** study demonstrated the potential of formate to enhance the performance and community stability of PD–A under mainstream *** a laboratory-scale biofilm reactor,formate addition(COD/NO_(3)^(–)–N=1.75)improved nitrogen removal efficiency(from 72.1.3.5%to 81.7±2.7%),EPS content(from 1.6.3±8.1.to 1.3.0±1..5 mg/gVSS)and increased anammox bacteria growth(predominantly Candidatus Brocadia,from 29.5±0.7%to 34.5±5.4%)while maintaining stable heterotrophs dominated by methylotrophic ***–NanoSIMS revealed a formate uptake using *** and Desulfobacillus,with *** being the major contributor to partial nitrate reduction to *** can synthesize diverse hydrophobic amino acids and provide key nutrients for *** achieve comparable nitrogen removal,the cost of the formate-driven PD–A process should be 1..2%lower than that of *** results greatly enrich our understanding of C1.metabolism represented by formate in anammox communities and its application in the context of coupling partial denitrification–anammox toward enhanced nitrogen removal in global wastewater treatment systems.

关键词： Formate Mixotrophic growth Partial denitrification-anammox Metabolic interaction FISH-NanoSIMS

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Molecular Chain Flexibility and Dielectric Loss at High-Frequency:Impact of Ester Bond Arrangement in Poly(ester imide)s

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第8期42卷 1122-1133页

作者： Ya-Dong Li Hong Li Lu-Kun Feng Feng Bao Ming-Liang Wang Cai-Zhen Zhu Zhao-Hui Zheng Xiao-Bin Ding Jian Xu Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100081China Institute of Low-Dimensional Materials Genome Initiative College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

The evolution of high-frequency communication has accentuated the significance of controlling dielectric properties in polymer ***,it has been theorized that rigid molecular chains lead to lower dielectric ***,the validity of this proposition at high frequencies remains *** scrutinize the correlation between chain flexibility and dielectric properties,we synthesized six poly(ester imide)s(PEIs)with systematically varied molecular chain flexibilities by modifying the ester's substitution on the aromatic *** introduction of ester bonds bestowed all PEI films with a low dielectric dissipation factor(D_(f)),ranging from 0.0021.to 0.0038 at 1. GHz in dry *** dry D_(f)displayed a pattern consistent with volume polarizability(P/V).Unexpectedly,PI-mmm-T,featu ring the most flexible molecular chain,exhibited the lowest dielectric loss under both dry(0.0021.1. GHz)and hygroscopic(0.0029@1. GHz)***,the observed increase in D_(f)after humidity absorption suggests that the high dielectric loss of PEI in applications may be attributed to its hygroscopic *** simulations and characterization of the aggregation structure revealed that the smaller cavities within flexible molecular chains,after close stacking,impede the entry of water *** sacrificing high-temperature resistance,the precursor exhibited enhanced solubility properties and could be processed into high-quality *** research unveils new insights into the relationship between flexibility and highfrequency dielectric loss,offering innovative perspectives on synthesizing aromatic polymers with exceptional dielectric properties.

关键词： 5G communications Poly(ester imide)s Molecular chain flexibility Dielectric properties Humidity absorption

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