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Comparative effects of xylitol and erythritol on modulating blood glucose;inducing insulin secretion;reducing dyslipidemia and redox imbalance in a type 2 diabetes rat model

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第6期12卷 2052-2060页

作者： Nontokozo Z.Msomi Ochuko L.Erukainure Veronica F.Salau Kolawole A.Olofinsan Md.Shahidul Islam Department of Biochemistry University of KwaZulu-NatalWestville CampusDurban 4000South Africa Department of Pharmacology University of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300South Africa

xylitol and erythritol have been reported in numerous previous and recent studies as potential antidiabetic sweeteners,however,it is not certain which one is most effective in this *** the present study,the effects of xylitol and erythritol were comparatively investigated on blood glucose,insulin level,dyslipidemia,pancreatic islet morphology andβ-cell function,and redox imbalance in a type 2 diabetes(T2D)model of ***-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 8 groups:Normal Control(NC),Diabetic Control(DC),Diabetic xylitol 5%(DX5),Diabetic xylitol 10%(DX10),Diabetic xylitol 20%(DX20),Diabetic Erythritol 5%(DE5),Diabetic Erythritol 10%(DE10),and Diabetic Erythritol 20%(DE20).T2D was induced in the diabetic groups initially by feeding 10%fructose solution to induce insulin resistance followed by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(40 mg/kg body weight)dissolved in citrate buffer(pH 4.5)to induce partial pancreaticβ-cells *** animals in NC group were fed with normal drinking water and injected with citrate buffer *** the confi rmation of diabetes,the xylitol and erythritol with above-mentioned concentrations were supplied to the respective animal groups when the animals in NC and DC groups were supplied with normal drinking *** 8 weeks intervention period,the body weight,fl uid and water intake,blood glucose,serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,CK-MB and creatinine were signifi cantly decreased,while the serum insulin level,serum lipids,glucose tolerance ability,pancreatic islet morphology andβ-cell function,pancreatic and serum redox imbalance were improved in the most xylitol and erythritol fed groups compared to the DC group,when effects were better for xylitol compared to *** data of this study suggests that xylitol has better antioxidant and antidiabetic effects compared to ***,xylitol can be used as a preferrable dietary anti-diabetic sweetener

关键词： xylitol Erythritol Sweeteners Type 2 diabetes Oxidative stress

Efficient one-pot hydrogenolysis of biomass-derived xylitol into ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol over Cu–Ni–ZrO_2 catalyst without solid bases

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第1期28卷 101-106页

作者： Shenglin Li Yifan Zan Yuanyuan Sun Zhichao Tan Gai Miao L. Z. Kong Yuhan Sun CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai University

The directly selective hydrogenolysis of xylitol to ethylene glycol(EG) and 1,2-propylene glycol(1,2-PDO)was performed on Cu–Ni–ZrO_2 catalysts prepared by a co-precipitation method. Upon optimizing the reaction conditions(518 K, 4.0 MPaH_2 and 3 h), 97.0% conversion of xylitol and 63.1% yield of glycols were obtained in water without extra inorganic base. The catalyst still remained stable activity after six cycles and above 80% total selectivity of glycols was obtained when using 20.0% xylitol concentration. XRD, TEM and ICP results indicated that Cu–Ni–ZrO_2 catalysts possess favorable stability. Cu and Ni are beneficial to the cleavage of C–O and C–H bond, respectively. To reduce the hydrogen consumption, isopropanol was added as in-situ hydrogen source and 96.4% conversion of xylitol with 43.6% yield of glycols were realized.

关键词： Hydrogenolysis xylitol Glycols Cu-Ni-ZrO2 catalyst

Electrochimical determination of uric acid, xanthine and hypoxanthine by poly(xylitol) modified glassy carbon electrode

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第3期21卷 870-876页

作者：窦志宇崔丽莉何兴权 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Changchun University of Science and Technology

The novel covalently modified glassy carbon electrode with poly(xylitol) was prepared using an electropolymerization technique for the simultaneous determination of uric acid(UA), xanthine(XA) and hypoxanthine(HX). This new electrode presents an excellent electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of UA, XA and HX by cyclic voltammetry(CV) method. The oxidation peaks of the three compounds were well defined and had enhanced the peak currents. The separation potentials of the oxidation peak potentials for UA-XA and XA-HX were 380 and 370 mV in CV, respectively. Using differential pulse voltammetry(DPV) method, the calibration curves in the ranges of 5-55, 1.3-75.3 and 4-59 μmol/L were obtained for HX, XA and UA, respectively. The lowest detection limits(S/N=3) were 4.5, 0.75 and 3.75 μmol/L for HX, XA and UA, respectively. The practical application of the modified electrode was demonstrated by the determination of UA, XA, HX in human urine samples.

关键词： xylitol electropolymerization uric acid xanthine hypoxanthine

Alternatives of Small-Scale Biorefineries for the Integrated Production of xylitol from Sugarcane Bagasse

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第2期6卷 139-151页

作者： Nicolás M.Clauser Soledad Gutiérrez María C.Area Fernando E.Felissia María E.Vallejos Materials Institute of Misiones(IMAM) National University of Misiones–National Council of Scientific and Technical Research(UNaM–CONICET)1552 Félix de Azara St.(3300)PosadasMisionesArgentina Faculty of Engineering University of the Republic(UDeLaR)565 Julio Herrera y Reissig St.(11700)MontevideoUruguay

Small-scale biorefinery from sugarcane bagasse offers new possibilities to the sugar and ethanol *** aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a small-scale biorefinery for the production of xylitol from sugarcane *** liquid fraction from the autohydrolysis treatment was selected as the source of sugars for xylitol and two scenarios were analyzed for the residual solid:ethanol or pellet production.A technical-economic analysis of alternatives was *** internal rate of return(IRR)was used to compare the selected *** highest IRR values were obtained when processing 70,000 dry tons per year of *** results showed promising prospects for a small-scale biorefinery with capacities above 20,000 dry tons per year(xylitol and pellets),and above 50,000 dry tons per year(xylitol and ethanol).

关键词： Biorefinery sugarcane bagasse xylitol ethanol pellets

Purification and crystallization of xylitol from fermentation broth of corncob hydrolysates

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010年第1期4卷 57-64页

作者： Jinchao WEI Qipeng YUAN Tianxin WANG Le WANG State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

xylitol,a five-carbon sugar alcohol,is a valuable sugar substitute,and widely used in the pharmaceutical,odontological and food industry due to its interesting *** the past decades,the xylitol industry has grown rapidly and more attention has been focused on xylitol purification,which possesses an important proportion of the whole *** our paper,the purification and crystallization of xylitol fermentation broth by biotechnology using corncob hydrolysates as substance were *** initial xylitol fermentation broth was decolored with activated carbon(1%M-1,60℃,165 rpm),desalted with a combination of two ionexchange resins(732 and D301),and residual sugars were separated with UBK-555(Ca^(2+)).Then the solution was vacuum-concentrated up to supersaturation(750 g/L xylitol).After adding 1%xylitol crystal seeds,the supersaturated solution was cooled to-20℃for 48 *** crystalline xylitol of a regular tetrahedral shape with purity 95%and crystallization yield 60.2%was obtained from the clarified xylitol fermentation *** intact,economical and environmental-friendly route of purification and crystallization of xylitol from fermentation of corncob hydrolysates was obtained,and its experimental procedure and data provided a sound basis for large-scale industrial production.

关键词： xylitol corncob activated carbon ionexchange resin purification crystallization

Efficacy of xylitol and fluoride mouthrinses on salivary mutans streptococci

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第6期1卷 488-490页

作者： Malee Arunakul Boonyanit Thaweboon Sroisiri Thaweboon Yuwadee Asvanund Kesinee Charoenchaikorn Department of Pedriatic Dentistry Faculty of DentistryMahidol University Department of Oral Microbiology Faculty of DentistryMahidol University Private Clinic

Objective:To evaluate the level of salivary Mutatis streptococci(MS) after rinsing with xylitol, fluoride,and a combination of xylitol and fluoride solutions,compared with distilled water. Methods:Eighty healthy 8-9 years old subjects with high level of MS(> 10~5 CFU/mL) were equally divided into 4 *** rinsed their moutlis for 1 min with 10 mL of 0.05%(w/v) sodium fluoride(NaF),12.5%(w/v) xylitol or 0.05%(w/v) NoF + 12.5%(w/v) xylitol 3 times daily over 10 *** water rinsed group served as a ***-stimulated whole saliva samples were collected at baseline,5 weeks,and 10 weeks after rinsing to determine the level of salivary MS by culturing on Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin *** statistical significance was calculated by Kruskol Wallis,Mann Whitney U,and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests at a significant level of Pxylitol over other groups within 5 weeks and after 10 weeks and 12.5%xylitol alone after 10 weeks compared with ***:The present study provides evidence for the inhibitory effect of xylitol,used in combination with fluoride,delivered in the form of mouthrinse, on salivary MS in the group of schoolchildren.

关键词： xylitol Fluoride Mouthrinse Mutans streptococci Dental caries Salivary

Characterization of promoters in Escherichia coli and application for xylitol synthesis

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2015年第1期23卷 234-240页

作者：王翠薇李哲 Aamir Rasool 屈虹男戴大章李春 School of Life Science Beijing Institute of Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shihezi University

Promoters are the most important tools to control and regulate the gene expression in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. The expression of target genes in Escherichia coli is usually controlled by the high-strength inducible promoter with the result that the abnormally high transcription of these genes creates excessive metabolic load on the host, which decreases product formation. The constitutive expression systems are capable of avoiding these defects. In this study, to enrich the application of constitutive promoters in metabolic engineering, four promoters from the glycolytic pathway of E. coli were cloned and characterized using the enhanced green fluorescent protein as reporter. Among these promoters, Pgap Awas determined as the strongest one, the strength of which was about 8.92% of that of the widely used inducible promoter PT7. This promoter was used to control the expression of heterologous xylose reductase in E. coli for xylitol synthesis so as to verify its function in pathway engineering. The maximum xylitol titer(40.6 g·L-1) produced by engineered E. coli under the control of the constitutive promoter Pgap Awas obviously higher than that under the control of the inducible promoter PT7,indicating the feasibility and superiority of promoter Pgap Ain the metabolic engineering of E. coli.

关键词： Escherichia coli Promoter Characterization Xylose reductase xylitol

Lead electrodeposition from alkaline solutions containing xylitol

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2011年第6期21卷 1407-1413页

作者：古映莹周琼华杨天足刘伟张杜超中南大学化学化工学院长沙410083 中南大学有色金属资源化学教育部重点实验室长沙471003 中南大学冶金科学与工程学院长沙410083

The electrodeposition of lead in alkaline solutions containing xylitol （1, 2, 3, 4, 5-pentahydroxypentane） was studied. The lead electrodeposition and the chemical stability of xylitol in alkaline solutions were investigated by cyclic voltammetry. Apparent activation energy, apparent transfer coefficient and exchange current density were obtained by linear sweep voltammetry. Initial stages of lead electrocrystallization were determined by chronoamperometry. Voltammograms of a AISI 316 stainless steel electrode in xylitol solution exhibit no current in the potential range of-1.3 V to 0.75 V （vs Hg/HgO）, implying that xylitol is stable to oxidation and reduction. The apparent activation energy, apparent transfer coefficient and exchange current density were calculated to be 35.15 kJ/mol, 1.56 and 9.65x10^-5 A/m^2. Analysis of the chronoamperometric responses implies three-dimensional growth of nuclei, with the type of nucleation depending on overpotential.

关键词： lead xylitol electrodeposition cyclic voltammetry nucleation chronoamperometry

Electrodeposition of Sb(Ⅲ) in alkaline solutions containing xylitol

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2012年第4期22卷 949-957页

作者：刘伟杨天足周琼华张杜超雷存茂河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院洛阳471003 中南大学冶金科学与工程学院长沙410083

The electrodeposition of antimony in alkaline solutions containing xylitol was investigated using cyclic voltammetry,linear sweep voltammetry and *** antimony electrodeposition and the chemical stability of xylitol in alkaline solutions were studied by cyclic voltammetric *** activation energy,apparent transfer coefficient and exchange current density were obtained by linear sweep voltammetric *** stages of antimony electrocrystallization were determined by *** in alkaline solutions exhibits high chemical stability and there is no redox in solutions when the potential ranges from-1.20 V to ＋0.60 V（vs Hg/HgO）.There is no other redox reaction but hydrolysis occurring on stainless steel in the potential range of-1.75 V to 1.25 V（vs Hg/HgO） while the xylitol decomposition maybe take place on antimony electrode when potential is more negative than-1.70 V（vs Hg/HgO）.Cyclic voltammograms with different scan rates indicate that the antimony electrodeposition process is an electrocrystallization which is a completely irreversible electrode *** apparent activation energy,apparent transfer coefficient and exchange current density were calculated to be 46.33 kJ/mol,0.64 and 4.40×10-6 A/m2,*** analyses of the chronoamperometric responses support the view of a three-dimensional growth under progressive *** average diffusion coefficient of antimony was calculated to be 1.53×10-6 cm2/s.

关键词： antimony electrodeposition xylitol electrocrystallization cyclic voltammetry chronoamperometry