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wind dynamic environment and wind-sand erosion and deposition processes on different surfaces along the Dunhuang–Golmud railway,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第4期15卷 393-406页

作者： ZHANG Hongxue ZHANG Kecun AN Zhishan YU Yanping Dunhuang Gobi Desert Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy ofSciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou 730000China

The Dunhuang–Golmud railway passes through different deserts in arid areas,especially drifting-sand desert and sandy-gravel Gobi.The near-surface wind environment and wind-sand transport process vary due to different external factors,such as topography,vegetation,and regional climate,resulting in evident spatial differences in surface erosion and deposition.Consequently,the measures for preventing wind-sand hazards will differ.However,the mechanism and control theory of sand damage remain poorly understood.In this study,we used meteorological observation,three-dimensional(3D)laser scanning,and grain-size analysis to compare and evaluate the spatial distribution of wind conditions,sand erosion and deposition patterns,and grain composition in the drifting-sand desert and sandy-gravel Gobi along the Dunhuang–Golmud railway in China.Results show that the annual mean wind speed,the frequency of sand-driving wind,and the drift potential of sandy-gravel Gobi are higher than those of drifting-sand desert,indicating a greater wind strength in the sandy-gravel Gobi,which exhibits spatial heterogeneity in wind conditions.The major sediment components in sandy-gravel Gobi are very fine sand,fine sand,and medium sand,and that in drifting-sand desert are very fine sand and fine sand.We found that the sediment in the sandy-gravel Gobi is coarser than that in the drifting-sand desert based on mean grain size and sediment component.The spatial distributions of sand erosion and deposition in the sandy-gravel Gobi and drifting-sand desert are consistent,with sand deposition mainly on the west side of the railway and sand erosion on the east side of the railway.The area of sand deposition in the drifting-sand desert accounts for 75.83%of the total area,with a mean deposition thickness of 0.032 m;while the area of sand deposition in the sandy-gravel Gobi accounts for 65.31%of the total area,with a mean deposition thickness of 0.028 m,indicating greater deposition amounts in the drifting-sand desert due to the presence of more fine se

关键词： surface erosion and deposition wind environment three-dimensional(3D)laser scanner drift potential grain-size characteristic Dunhuang–Golmud railway

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wind environment around the setback building models

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Building Simulation 2021年第5期14卷 1525-1541页

作者： Amlan Kumar Bairagi Sujit Kumar Dalui Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpurHowrahIndia

The irregular shape of buildings always tenders an enormous challenge to the designers.The wind velocity at the pedestrian level has a specific approach from a comfortable point of view.This investigation highlighted the characteristic of the pedestrian level wind velocity for distinct types of asymmetrical setback buildings.The passed study explored the pedestrian level effect for the axisymmetric models,while this study is based on the models that have symmetry about a single axis.This study investigates the pedestrian level flow fluctuation of setback models with single and double side setbacks at multiple levels.The double-side double setback buildings are efficient to reduce 28%-30%velocity in front of the building and 68%-70%velocity behind the building.Finally it suggests that the double side double setback building is efficient to maintain the velocity at the pedestrian level,roof level,and backside of the building.The setback building can easily control the frequency of fluctuating velocity at downstream flow for both along and across wind conditions.

关键词： amplification factor pedestrian level flow setback model velocity spectra wind environment computational fluid dynamics(CFD)

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Numerical investigation of the wind environment around tall buildings in a central business district

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2019年第4期13卷 848-858页

作者： Pingzhi FANG Deqian ZHENG Ming GU Haifeng CHENG Bihong ZHU Shanghai Typhoon Institute of China Meteorological Administration Shanghai 200030China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Henan University of TechnologyZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Investigation Design&Research Institute Co.Ltd.Shanghai 200335China

The wind environment around tall buildings in a central business district(CBD)was numerically investigated.The district covers an area of-^4.0 km2 and features a high density of tall buildings.In this study,only buildings taller than 20 m were considered,resulting in 173 tall buildings in the analysis.The numerical investigation was realized using the commercial computational fluid dynamics code FLUENT with the realizable A-6:turbulence model.Special efforts were made to maintain inflow boundary conditions throughout the computational domain.The reliability of the numerical method was validated using results from an experimental investigation conducted in the core area of the CBD(〜1.5 km2).Experimental and numerical investigations of wind speed ratios at the center of the three tallest buildings in the CBD agree within an uncertainty factor of 2.0.Both the experimental and numerical results show that wind speed ratios in the wind field with exposure category D are higher than those from the wind field with exposure category B.Based on the above validation work,the wind environment around tall buildings in the whole CBD was then investigated by numerical simulation.Common flow phenomena and patterns,such as stagnation points,shielding effects,separation flow,and channeling flow,were identified around the tall buildings.The pedestrianlevel wind environment around tall buildings in the CBD was further evaluated using nearby meteorological wind data.The evaluation results show that some pedestrian activities,such as sitting at the center of the three tallest buildings,are unadvisable when the wind blows from the south-east.

关键词： wind environment pedestrian-level wind computational fluid dynamics wind speed ratio central business district

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Computational fluid dynamics evaluation of the effect of different city designs on the wind environment of a downwind natural heritage site

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第1期6卷 69-79页

作者： BenLi LIU JianJun QU QingHe NIU JunZhan WANG KeCun ZHANG Dunhuang Gobi & Desert Ecological and environmental Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

Disturbance in wind regime and sand erosion deposition balance may lead to burial and eventual vanishing of a site.This study conducted 3D computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations to evaluate the effect of a proposed city design on the wind environment of the Crescent Spring,a downwind natural heritage site located in Dunhuang,Northwestern China.Satellite terrain data from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer(ASTER)Digital Elevation Model(DEM)were used to construct the solid surface model.Steady-state Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations(RANS)with shear stress transport(SST)k-ωturbulence model were then applied to solve the flow field problems.Land-use changes were modeled implicitly by dividing the underlying surface into different areas and by applying corresponding aerodynamic roughness lengths.Simulations were performed by using cases with different city areas and building heights.Results show that the selected model could capture the surface roughness changes and could adjust wind profile over a large area.wind profiles varied over the greenfield to the north and over the Gobi land to the east of the spring.Therefore,different wind speed reduction effects were observed from various city construction scenarios.The current city design would lead to about 2 m/s of wind speed reduction at the downwind city edge and about 1 m/s of wind speed reduction at the north of the spring at 35-m height.Reducing the city height in the north greenfield area could efficiently eliminate the negative effects of wind spee.By contrast,restricting the city area worked better in the eastern Gobi area compared with other parts of the study area.wind speed reduction in areas near the spring could be limited to 0.1 m/s by combining these two abatement strategies.The CFD method could be applied to simulate the wind environment affected by other land-use changes over a large terrain.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics wind environment wind profile large terrain Crescent Spring

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Numerical Simulation Analysis and Ecological Evaluation on wind environment of Dwelling Groups in Severe Cold Regions

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2014年第5期21卷 15-19页

作者： Hong Jin Teng Shao School of Architecture Harbin Institute of Technology

The wind environment around residential building groups is increasingly concerned,while the dwelling groups as the elementary unit of planning design,its quality of surrounding wind environment will directly affect people's life. This study based on the climatic conditions of severe cold regions,selects four dwellings groups with different openings scale and position as the research objects,and then simulates and analyzes the wind speed distribution characteristics of each pattern. Meanwhile,it extracts the wind speed values of one hundred points of each pattern and applies the coefficient of uniformity method to the ecological evaluation. It has been found that grouping pattern of buildings has a dramatic effect on the resulting airflow behavior. Configurations that contain a T-shaped central space with small opened side can effectively prevent and contain airflow in the site offer. The interactive influence between layout of dwelling groups and wind environment are explored,so as to provide basis for the planning design of dwelling groups.

关键词： dwelling groups wind environment numerical simulation ecological evaluation

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Study on the Outdoor wind environment Simulation and Design Strategies of Rural Settlements in Cold Areas

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2014年第5期21卷 72-76页

作者： Ming Li Hong Jin Xin-Yu Zhang School of Architecture Harbin Institute of Technology

To improve the outdoor environment of rural settlement and reduce the energy consumption of rural houses in winterin cold areas,the seriously bad wind environment should been controlled and considered. This paper applies the method of numerical simulation to simulate the wind environment of some typical arrangement of building and courtyard in winter,and concludes the optimal building and courtyard arrangement types and strategies. It aims to provide some technical supports for improving the wind environment of rural settlements in cold regions.

关键词： rural settlements wind environment microclimate simulation analysis planning strategies

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A Computational Model for Pedestrian Level wind environment Around Tall Buildings

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Journal of Modern Transportation 1999年第1期16卷 56-64页

作者：祝兵 School of Civil Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031 China

A computational model has been developed for the simulation of pedestrian level wind environment around tall buildings by coupling the numerical simulation of the full scale site and meteorological station materials. In the first step, the hybrid/mixed finite element method is employed to solve the two dimensional Navier Stokes equation for the flow field around tall buildings, in view of the influence of fluctuating wind, the flow field is revised with the effective wind velocity. The velocity ratio is defined in order to relate numerical wind velocity to oncoming reference wind velocity. In the second step, the frequency occurred discomfort wind velocity as a suitable criterion is calculated by use of the coupling between the numerical wind velocity and the wind velocity at the nearest meteorological station. The prediction accuracy of the wind environment simulation by use of the computation model will be discussed. Using the available wind data at the nearest meteorological station as well as the established criteria of wind discomfort, the frequency of wind discomfort can be predicted. A numerical example is given to illustrate the application of the proposed method.

关键词： computational model wind environment tall building

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A case study of evidence-based design:Landscape design for based on the analytic study of wind environment

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西部人居环境学刊 2016年第S1期 1-10页

作者： Xiang Zhao Department of Architecture Fukuoka University

The majorities of the separate elements for this project are based on standard design,and will not be discussed in this paper.Rather,discussion will focus upon original elements within the overall design,introducing them as illustrations to show how EBD has been incorporated into the project.The landscape design method of this project proceeds by first raising questions,then finding evidence and tfinally proposing solutions.There are three underpinning points listed below.1) The landscape design is based on natural airflow characteristics advocated in my strategy of experiential landscape design developed for the case study.2) Human health is positioned as the primary purpose of landscape design in a residential area,especially aspects working for the growth and health of children.3) The visual aspects of landscape design are integrated with the surrounding context of the project location and local living conditions.

关键词： wind environment Analysis Living quarter Landscape design Psychology

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Review of Research Advances in CFD Techniques for the Simulation of Urban wind environments

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第2期18卷 449-462页

作者： Pengfei Ju Mingrui Li Jingying Wang Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control School of Mechanical EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin300384China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Education(Tianjin University of Technology) Tianjin300384China School of Energy and Power Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan250061China Shandong Engineering Laboratory for High-Efficiency Energy Conservation and Energy Storage Technology&Equipment Shandong UniversityJinan250061China

Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)has become the main method for the prediction of the properties of the external wind environment in cities and other urban contexts.A review is presented of the existing literature in terms of boundary conditions,building models,computational domains,computational grids,and turbulence models.Some specific issues,such as the accuracy/computational cost ratio and the exploitation of existing empirical correlations,are also examined.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics wind environment pre-processing settings

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Simulation and Optimization of Traditional Village wind environment under Epidemic Prevention and Control:Take Anziling Village of Handan as an example

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Journal of Landscape Research 2021年第5期13卷 51-53,56页

作者： YANG Wenbing GUO Jiahao School of Architecture and Art Hebei University of EngineeringHandanHebei 056000China Handan Key Laboratory of Building Physical environment and Regional Building Protection Technology HandanHebei 056000China

In the context of epidemic prevention and control,villages are the weakest part of epidemic prevention and control.Traditional villages,as representatives of villages,are often far away from cities,and medical conditions are relatively backward.Based on this background,epidemic prevention and control are particularly important.The quality of the environment is positively related to the spread of the virus.This article wanted to use CFD technology to simulate the wind environment of the traditional village street space,so as to propose measures to optimize the wind environment of the traditional village street space,and provide references for the future planning of village layout.

关键词： Traditional villages Epidemic prevention and control wind environment CFD

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