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Correlation and Quantitative Trait Loci Analyses of Total Chlorophyll Content and Photosynthetic Rate of Rice(Oryza sativa) under water stress.and Well-watered Conditions

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第9期51卷 879-888页

作者： Song-Ping Hu Ying Zhou Lin Zhang Xiu-Dong Zhu Lin Li Li-Jun Luo Guo-Lan Liu Qing-Ming Zhou College of Resource and Environmental Science Jishou University Hunan 416000 China Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center Shanghai 201106 China College of Agriculture Agricultural University of Hunan Changsha 410128 China

In order to explore the relevant molecular genetic mechanisms of photosynthetic rate （PR） and chlorophyll content （CC） in rice （Oryza sativa L.）, we conducted a series of related experiments using a population of recombinant inbred lines （Zhenshan97B x IRAT109）. We found a significant correlation between CC and PR （R = 0.19＊＊） in well-watered conditions, but no significant correlation during water stress.（r = 0.08）. We detected 13 main quantitative trait loci （QTLs） located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 10, which were associated with CC, including six QTLs located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 during water stress. and seven QTLs located on chromosomes 2, 3, 4, 6, and 10 in well-watered conditions. These QTLs explained 47.39% of phenotypic variation during water stress.and 56.19% in well-watered conditions. We detected four main QTLs associated with PR; three of them （qPR2, qPR10, qPR11） were located on chromosomes 2, 10, and 11 during water stress. and one （qPR10） was located on chromosome 10 in well-watered conditions. These QTLs explained 34.37% and 18.41% of the phenotypic variation in water stress.and well-watered conditions, respectively. In total, CC was largely controlled by main QTLs, and PR was mainly controlled by epistatic QTL pairs.

关键词： chlorophyll content photosynthetic rate quantitative trait loci rice water stress.

Brassica napus L. Homeodomain Leucine-Zipper Gene BnHB6 Responds to Abiotic and Biotic stress.s

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第10期47卷 1236-1248页

作者： Shun-Wu YU Li-Da ZHANG Kai-Jing ZUO Dong-Qin TANG Xiao-Fen SUN Ke-Xuan TANG Plant Biotechnology Research Center Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R＆D Center School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering School of Life Sciences Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R＆D Center Morgan-Tan International Center for Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

A homeodomain leucine-zipper （HD-Zip） gene BnHB6 （GenBank accession No. AY336103） was isolated from oilseed rape （Brassica napus L.） following drought treatment through rapid amplification of cDNA ends （RACE）. The full-length cDNA of BnHB6 was 1 611 bp and contained a 936-bp open reading frame encoding 311 amino acids. Sequence analysis indicated that BnHB6 belonged to the HD-Zip I subfamily. High-stringency Southern boltting analysis showed that BnHB6 appeared in rape as a single copy but had homologous genes. Semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） analysis revealed that BnHB6 was expressed in several tissues tested under control conditions, but that expression was significantly upregulated in shoots by mannitol, NaCI, cold treatment, anaerobic culture, wounding, H2O2, abscisic acid （ABA）, and salicylic acid （SA） treatments, but not by ultraviolet treatment. Further RT- PCR analysis revealed that BnHB6 was a late-responsive gene, the expression of which was not activated by NaCI, cold treatment, H2O2, ABA, and SA at an early time point （20 min） of treatment in the shoot. However, after a certain period of treatment, the induced expression culminated and then declined until the next peak occurred. Tissue-specific analysis revealed that BnHB6 was expressed at certain levels in the roots, shoots, and flowers, and the roots were found to respond to the osmotic stimuli more rapidly than shoots to increase the expression of BnHB6. The present study implies that BnHB6 plays a positive role as a regulator of biotic and abiotic stress.s on growth during seedling establishment.

关键词： Brassica napus homeodomain leucine-zipper gene water stress.

Role of Nitric Oxide Dependence on Nitric Oxide Synthase-like Activity in the water stress.Signaling of Maize Seedling

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第4期50卷 435-442页

作者： Gang-Ping Hao Yu Xing Jian-Hua Zhang Department of Biological Science Taishan Medical University Taian 271000 China Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China

Nitric oxide （NO） has been known as an important signal in plant antioxidative defense but its production and roles in water stress.are less known. The present study investigated whether NO dependence on a NO synthase-like （NOS） activity is involved in the signaling of drought-induced protective responses in maize seedlings. NOS activity, rate of NO release and drought responses were analyzed when NO donor sodium nitroprusside （SNP）, NO scavenger c-PTIO （2-（4-carboxyphenyl）- 4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide） and NOS inhibitor L-NAME （NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester） were applied to both detached maize leaves and whole plants. Both NOS activity and the rate of NO release increased substantially under dehydration stress. The high NOS activity induced by c-PTIO as NO scavenger and NO accumulation inhibited by NOS inhibitor L-NAME in dehydration-treated maize seedlings indicated that most NO production under water deficit stress.may be generated from NOS-like activity. After dehydration stress.for 3 h, detached maize leaves pretreated with NO donor SNP maintained more water content than that of control leaves pretreated with water. This result was consistent with the decrease in the transpiration rate of SNP-treated leaves subjected to drought treatment for 3 h. Membrane permeability, a cell injury index, was lower in SNP-treated maize leaves under dehydration stress.for 4 h when compared with the control leaves. Also, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity of SNP combined drought treatment maize leaves was higher than that of drought treatment alone, indicating that exogenous NO treatment alleviated the water loss and oxidative damage of maize leaves under water deficit stress. When c-PTIO as a specific NO scavenger was applied, the effects of applied SNP were overridden. Treatment with L-NAME on leaves also led to higher membrane permeability, higher transpiration rate and lower SOD activities than those of control leaves, indicating that NOS-like activity

关键词： anti-oxidative defense maize (Zea mays) nitric oxide nitric oxide synthase signal transduction water stress.

Effects of Different Levels of water stress.on Leaf water Potential,Stomatal Resistance,Protein and Chlorophyll Content and Certain Anti-oxidative Enzymes in Tomato Plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第6期48卷 679-685页

作者： Hatem Zgalla Kathy Steppe Raoul Lemeur Laboratory of Plant Ecology Ghent University Coupure Links 653B-9000 GhentBelgium

A greenhouse experlment was performed In order to Investigate the effects of dlfferent levels of water stress.on leaf water potentlal （ψw）, stomatal resistance （rs）, protein content and chlorophyll （Chl） content of tomato plants （Lycoperslcon esculentum Mill. cv. Nlkita）. water stress.was Induced by addlng polyethylene glycol （PEG 6 000） to the nutrlent solution to reduce the osmotlc potential （ψs）. We Investlgated the behavlor of antl-oxldant enzymes, such as catalase （CAT） and superoxide dlsmutase （SOD）, durlng the development of water stress. Moderate and severe water stress.（i.e. ψs= -0.51 and -1.22 MPa, respectlvely） caused a decrease In ψw for all treated （water-stress.d） plants compared with control plants, wlth the reductlon belng more pronounced for severely stress.d plants. In addltion, rs was slgnlflcantly affected by the Induced water stress.and a decrease in leaf soluble protelns and Chl content was observed. Whereas CAT actlvlty remained constant, SOD actlvlty was increased in water-stress.d plants compared wlth unstress.d plants. These results Indicate the possible role of SOD as an anti-oxidant protector system for plants under water stress.condltlons. Moreover, It suggests the possibllity of using this enzyme as an addltional screening crlterlon for detecting water stress.in plants.

关键词： catalase chlorophyll drought Lycopersicon esculentum oxidative stress stomatal resistance superoxide dismutase water potential water stress.

Analysis of Gene Expression Profile Induced by water stress.in Upland Rice(Oryza sativa ***109)Seedlings using Subtractive Expressed Sequence Tags Library

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第10期49卷 1455-1463页

作者： Haiguang Wang Hongliang Zhang Zichao Li Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilizition of Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement China Agricultural University Beijing China100094

To identify the water stress.induced genes of upland rice cultivar IRAT109, which is resistant to drought, a subtractive cDNA library was developed from polyethylene glycol- （PEG） treated and non-treated seedlings by suppression subtractive hybridization, from which 2112 recombinant colonies were obtained, Eight hundred clones were selected randomly for sequencing analysis, and 384 unique expressed sequence tags （ESTs） were obtained, They were found to be involved in diverse biological processes, such as metabolism, transcription, signal transduction, protein synthesis and others, Notably a number of known functional genes in drought tolerance, including genes related to biosynthesis of osmoprotectants, defense against active oxygen, removal of toxic compounds, recovery of proteins and reinforcement of cell wall were also found in the study, Several genes related to deleterious responses were upregulated by PEG stress. The differential expression patterns of 11 SSH-derived ESTs were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

关键词： expressed sequence tag subtracted library suppression subtractive hybridization upland rice water stress.

Can Hydro-Priming Improve Germination Speed, Vigour and Emergence of Maize Landraces under water stress.

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2011年第1期1卷 20-28页

作者： T. Mabhaudhi A. T. Modi Crop Science Department School of Agricultural Sciences and Agribusiness Faculty of Science and Agriculture University of KwaZulu-Natal Private Bag X01 Scottsville 3209 Pietermaritzburg South Africa

We evaluated whether hydro-priming could improve vigour characteristics and seedling emergence of local maize （Zea mays L.） landraces compared to two commercial hybrids under water stress.at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg. Seeds from local landraces were produced and characterized according to kernel colour, white （Land A） and purple （Land B）, and compared to two hybrids, SC701 and SR52, which are popular amongst local farmers. Seeds from each variety were soaked in water for 0 hours （unprimed or control）, 12 hours and 24 hours, and germinated in a germination chamber at 25 ℃ for 8 days. Parameters measured included final germination, mean germination time （MGT） and germination velocity index （GVI）. Seedling emergence was performed in seedling trays, using pine bark wetted to 25% or 75% of field capacity （FC）, for 21 days in a temperature-controlled glasshouse （25 ℃day; 15 ℃night; 60% RH）. Parameters measured included final emergence, mean emergence time （MET）, root and shoot lengths, and leaf area. Priming landraces for 12 and 24 hours reduced MGT by 9% and 7%, respectively, compared to 5% in hybrids for both 12 and 24 hours priming. GVI of landraces was improved by 40% following 12 hours of priming. GVI of hybrids was 11% and 7% slower than landraces after priming seeds for 12 and 24 hours, respectively. Priming seeds for 24 hours improved emergence at 25% FC. Priming seeds for 24 hours reduced MET for all varieties. Priming seeds for 12 and 24 hours increased leaf area by 33.8% and 29%, respectively. Hydro-priming seeds for 12 and 24 hours, respectively, improved GVI, reduced MGT and improved emergence and MET of maize landraces under water stress. Performance of hybrid seeds remains superior to that of landraces even after seed treatment to improve germination and vigour. The positive response of landraces to seed treatment, and improved performance under water stress.conditions, suggest that there is a need to identify genes for vigour in lan

关键词： Emergence germination hybrids hydropriming landraces water stress.