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Effects of Overwintering on the Survival and Vector Competence of Aedes albopictus in the Urban Life Cycle of Dengue Virus in Guangzhou,China

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Virologica Sinica 2021年第4期36卷 755-761页

作者： Yue Chen Ronghua Chen Jianrong Gao Chunyuan Li Jun Liu Zhijian Zhou Ruiwen Ren Center for Disease Prevention and Control of the Southern Theatre Command of the PLA Guangzhou510507China Guangdong Arbovirus Diseases Emergency Technology Research Center Guangzhou510507China

The Pearl River Delta,where Aedes albopictus(***)is the only vector for dengue transmission,has exhibited one of the highest dengue burdens in southern China in recent ***,whether dengue virus(DENV)can overwinter in *** in the Pearl River Delta has not been determined to *** this study,300 field-derived *** mosquitoes from Guangzhou that were infected with the predominant endemic DENV-1 strain were investigated under simulated urban balcony environment from October 16,2016,to June 16,*** vertical transmission of DENV in the infected overwintering *** was *** DENV infected overwintering mosquitoes were evaluated for viral load at nine-time points using reverse transcription-quantitative *** vector competence of the infected overwintering *** was also investigated by using suckling *** mosquitoes and larvae were found during the observation *** vertical transmission of DENV-1 was *** DENV-1-positive rates between overwintering males and females had no *** proportion of DENV-1-positive overwintering mosquitoes decreased over time and had no difference beyond three months after the *** mosquitoes can spread DENV-1 to *** engorged mosquitoes at an ambient temperature below 15℃were *** ratio of engorged mosquitoes was positively correlated with the ambient temperature ranging from 15 to 30℃.Our results demonstrated that DENV can overwinter in *** in the Pearl River Delta,*** is the competent vector for DENV,and maintain autochthonous dengue outbreaks in the Pearl River Delta through vertical transmission.

关键词： Dengue virus(DENV) Aedes albopictus Overwintering vertical transmission Subtropical region

Detection of congenital cytomegalovirus in newborns using nucleic acid amplification techniques and its public health implications

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Virologica Sinica 2017年第5期32卷 376-386页

作者： Guoyu Liu Rong Hai Fenyong Liu School of Public Health University of California Berkeley 94720 USA Berkeley Community College Berkeley 94704 USA Collegeof Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China

Human cytomegalovirus(HCMV), a herpesvirus, is an important human pathogen that causes asymptomatic infections in healthy or immunocompetent individuals but can lead to severe and potentially life-threatening complications in immune-immature individuals such as neonates or immune-compromised patients such as organ-transplant recipients and HIV-positive *** HCMV infection represents a significant public health issue and poses substantial healthcare and economic burden to society. This virus causes the most common viral congenital infection worldwide, and is the leading non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss in children in developed countries. Congenital HCMV infection is believed to fulfill the criteria of the American College of Medical Genetics to be considered as a condition targeted for a newborn screening program. This is because congenital HCMV infection can be identified during a time(within 2 days after birth) at which it would not ordinarily be detected clinically, and there are demonstrated benefits of early detection, timely intervention, and efficacious treatment of the condition. Recent progresses in developing polymerase chain reaction-based approaches to detect HCMV in samples obtained from newborns have generated much excitement in the field. In this review, we highlight the recent progress in diagnostic techniques that could potentially be used for the detection of HCMV infection in neonates and its direct implications in public health settings for diagnosing congenital HCMV infection.

关键词： herpesvirus human cytomegalovirus(HCMV) vertical transmission congenital infection,diagnostics,PCR

Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Neonatal Outcomes of Pregnant Women with SARS-COV-2 Infection

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Current Medical Science 2021年第2期41卷 306-311页

作者： Yu CHEN Xiang-li PANG Wen-ping DING Xiang-chi PENG Jing YANG Yan ZHOU Reproductive Medicine Center Wuhan Children's Hospital(Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital)Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430015China Reproductive Medical Center Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound Wuhan Children's Hospital(Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital)Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechologyWuhan 430015China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wuhan Children's Hospital(Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital)Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430015China

This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with SARS-COV-2 in Wuhan Children's Hospital and further suggested a possible management strategy for infected pregnant women under epidemic *** this study,8 pregnant women with SARS-COV-2 who were admitted into Wuhan Children's Hospital,China from February 1,2020 to March 30,2020 and the clinical features,laboratory data,maternal and neonatal outcomes were *** mean age of the women at the time of admission was 30.6 *** mean gestational age of the women was 37 weeks±4 days,and one woman presented with dichorionic diamniotic(DCDA)twin *** for one woman who was febrile,others had no typical clinical *** all pregnant women,the count of white blood cells and lymphocytes appeared normal,but 6 had a lower percentage of lymphocytes.C-reactive protein(CRP)levels were normal for all the *** neonate was tested positive for the coronavirus IgG and IgM *** clinical symptoms of the pregnant women with SARS-COV-2 were mild,and the laboratory data showed similar characteristics to those of non-infected pregnant *** one neonate was tested positive for coronavirus,there is a possibility of vertical transmission of *** and efficient screening,triage,and isolation of pregnant women are ffective management strategies to reduce nosocomial infection during the SARS-COV-2 epidemic.

关键词： SARS-COV-2 vertical transmission pregnant women neonates clinical features maternal and child outcomes

Risk Factors and Prevalence of Mother to New-Born transmission of Carbapenemase Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Two Hospitals in Yaounde, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 116-124页

作者： Cecile Ingrid Djuikoue Noemy Tchinda Chounna Paule Dana Djouela Djoulako Farid Wega Joelle Djamfa Nzenya Cedric Seugnou Nana Dorine Ngatcheu Ekeu Blondelle Kitio Messeu Laurene Nzangem Doumene Joviale Magne Talla Mireille Fock Benjamin D. Thumamo Pokam Microbiology Department Faculty of Health Sciences Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon American Society of Microbiology Bangangté Cameroon Department of Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Bacteriology Laboratory Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Department of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: In African countries, where the burden of neonatal sepsis is the highest, the spread of Carbapenemases Producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in the community, potentially contributing to neonatal mortality, is a public health concern. The transmission routes are not well defined, particularly the possible key role played by pregnant women. The aim of this study was to understand the neonatal acquisition of CPE in Yaounde, Cameroon. Methods: A transversal analytical study was conducted in an urban area. Maternal stool samples during delivery and the first stool from their new-born were collected and cultured to isolate Enterobacteria. After isolation, characterization using API20E identification system, and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed according to the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology. Carbapenemases detection was done on each carbapenem-resistant strain using the Modified Hodge Test (MHT) and their classification using the synergy tests with different inhibitors. Results: Out of the 55 CPE isolates identified, Escherichia coli was the most encountered bacteria both in mothers (n = 18, 50.00%) and infants (n = 11, 57.89%). Class B and D carbapenemases were found both in mothers and infants. The estimated prevalence of vertical transmission in our study, was 10% (n = 12). Logistic regression showed that CPE carriage in mothers and CPE acquisition in their new-borns were independently associated with the presence of greenish amniotic fluid (OR = 7.33, p 0.0001 in mothers and OR = 4.09, p = 0.0086 in new-borns). Conclusion: Our results highlight the non-negligeable role played by pregnant women in the neonatal acquisition of CPE.

关键词： Drug Resistance Carbapenems Pregnant Women vertical transmission Cameroon

Single-Cell RNA Expression Profiling of ACE2 and AXL in the Human Maternal-Fetal Interface

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Reproductive and Developmental Medicine 2020年第1期4卷 7-10页

作者： Qing-Liang Zheng Tao Duan Li-Ping Jin Clinical and Translational Research Center Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 201204China

2019 novel coronavirus disease has resulted in thousands of critically ill patients in China,which is a serious threat to people’s life and *** acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)was reported to share the same receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),with ***,based on the public single-cell RNA-sequencing database,we analyzed the mRNA expression profile of putative receptor ACE2 and AXL receptor tyrosine kinase(AXL)in the early maternal-fetal *** result indicates that the ACE2 has very low expression in the different cell types of early maternal-fetal interface,except slightly high in decidual perivascular cells cluster 1(PV1).Interestingly,we found that the Zika virus(ZIKV)receptor AXL expression is concentrated in perivascular cells and stromal cells,indicating that there are relatively more AXL-expressing cells in the early maternal-fetal *** study provides a possible infection route and mechanism for the SARS-CoV-2-or ZIKV-infected mother-to-fetus transmission disease,which could be informative for future therapeutic strategy development.

关键词： 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease ACE2 AXL Maternal-Fetal Interface Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 vertical transmission

Follow-up Study on the Outcomes of Recovered Pregnant Women with a History of COVID-19 in the First and Second Trimesters: A Case Series from China

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2021年第1期3卷 24-32页

作者： Yin Zhao Bangxing Huang Hui Ma You Shang Xiu Nie Li Zou Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China Department of Pathology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China Department of Radiology Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China Department of Critical Care Medicine Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430022China

Objective: To determine the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of women who recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that developed in early ***: This case series analyzed five pregnant women (26-33 years) whom recovered from COVID-19 which were developed in early pregnancy (6-27 weeks) and admitted at the Wuhan Union Hospital from January 15, 2020 to April 30, 2020. The clinical manifestation, laboratory examinations, treatment, pregnancy outcomes, maternal and neonatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) throat swab reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test results, and SARS-CoV-2 antibody test results in neonates were reviewed. The placental pathology, placental angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression were studied by hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemistry staining, SARS-CoV-2 presence was examined by QT-PCR. We also followed up the infants at 3-6 ***: Three pregnant women were diagnosed with COVID-19 in early pregnancy (Cases 1-3), and two were serum immunoglobulin G positive asymptomatic cases (Cases 4 and 5). Cases 1-3 showed complete recovery after severe COVID-19. Case 3 was infected at 6 weeks of gestation during the first trimester and had induced medical abortion at 12 weeks of gestation. All neonates had no pneumonia, SARS-CoV-2 mRNA reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and serum immunoglobulin M were negative, and immunoglobulin G were positive. All placental samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2 in the nucleic acid test. Placental pathology showed chronic ischemia changes. ACE-2 expressed in both placenta and decidua. The follow-up showed that the infants were healthy and asymptomatic at 3-6 ***: No adverse outcomes was observed in our case series. However, systemic inflammatory responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection may cause placental injury. At the time of delivery after recovery from COVID-19, no SARS-CoV-2 positive results was found in the placenta in this

关键词： Coronavirus infections COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Pregnancy outcome Placenta vertical transmission

Hepatitis B Management in the Pregnant Patient: An Update

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2016年第3期4卷 241-247页

作者： Walid S.Ayoub Erica Cohen Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Comprehensive Transplant Center Cedars Sinai Medical CenterLos Angeles CA USA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cedars Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CA USA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Cedars Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles CA USA

Chronic hepatitis B is a worldwide disease,with significant burden on health care *** universal vaccination programs have led to an overall decrease in incidence of transmission of hepatitis B,unfortunately,there remain large areas in the world where vaccination against hepatitis B is not *** addition,vertical transmission of hepatitis B persists as a major *** B treatment of the pregnant patient requires a thorough assessment of disease activity and close monitoring for flares,regardless of initiation of antiviral *** discuss,in this article,the current and emergent strategies which aim to reduce the rate of transmission of hepatitis B from the pregnant mother to the infant and we review the updated guidelines regarding management of liver disease in pregnant women with hepatitis B.

关键词： Hepatitis B Pregnancy Liver vertical transmission

DYNAMICS OF A KIND OF RIFT VALLEY FEVER MODEL

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Annals of Differential Equations 2010年第2期26卷 127-135页

作者： Wei Chen, Cuiping Li (Dept. of Math. and LMIB, Beihang University, Beijing 100191)

A novel mathematical model of the epidemiology of Rift Valley fever (RVF) is studied, which is an ordinary differential equation model for a population of mosquito species and the hosts. A disease-free equilibrium is discussed as well as its local stability. The prevalence of disease is proved under some conditions. Finally the vertical transmission is considered in a model for such a mosquito population.

关键词： epidemic models vertical transmission endemic equilibrium Rift Valley fever local stability

Predictors of Non-Adherence to Combined Anti-Retroviral Therapy among Expectant and Breastfeeding Women Receiving Care through Test and Treat Model in Lusaka

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Health 2021年第8期13卷 868-885页

作者： Seketi K. Mercy Mayimbo Sebean Maimbolwa Margaret Department of Midwifery Women and Child’s Health School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Introduction: To achieve viral suppression and reduce vertical transmission of HIV, more than eighty percent of pregnant or breastfeeding women in Zambia have been started on combined ART using the Test and Treat model. However, Chawama First Level Hospital in Lusaka had records which showed that 32 percent of pregnant or breastfeeding women were non-adherent to combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART). Method: A mixed-method study was conducted to establish predictors of non-adherence to cART by women in the Test and Treat model of care. For the quantitative component, 92 consenting Pregnant and breastfeeding women were randomly drawn from ART defaulter register and a semi-structured questionnaire was administered. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to improve predictive power and control for confounders. Quantitative Results: The mean age was 28years. The study established that housewives were 84 percent less likely to be non-adherent [AOR 0.16;95% CI 0.12, 0.36] compared to women who were formally employed with a statistically significant P-value of 0.04. Pregnant or breastfeeding women who were several months away from home were 84.9 percent more likely to be non-adherent [AOR 15.11;95% CI 13.9, 16.4] compared to women who had travelled away from home for several days. The associated P-value was 0.03. The study also established that pregnant and breastfeeding women who were counselled in individually enclosed units were 91 percent less likely to be non-adherent compared to those who were counselled in an open space as a group [AOR 0.09;95% CI 0.02, 0.53] with an associated P-value of 0.01. Conclusion: The study established that predictors of non-adherence to cART among pregnant and breastfeeding women were: being a working-class client;being away from home or usual clinic for several months;being counselled in open spaces, and negative staff attitude. Therefore, researcher can conclusivel

关键词： Non-Adherence HIV vertical transmission Elimination Mother Child Test and Treat