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effects of acupuncture on functional gastrointestinal disorders:special effects,coeffects,synergistic effects in terms of single or compatible acupoints

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2023年第2期43卷 397-408页

作者： ZHAO Jun LI Xia ZHENG Hui YE Kun WANG Xin WANG Xuefei SUN Runquan LI Zhigang School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chengdu 610075China Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100048China Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100010China

OBJECTIVE:To investigate how the“special effect”/“coeffect”/“synergistic effect”can achieve a positive result using an“acupuncture prescription”for functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs)in clinical practice,based on the characteristics of single/compatible acupoints and acupuncture techniques.METHODS:According to the search strategy,we searched six electronic bibliographic databases and provided a summary for this overview.RESULTS:A large body of evidence has shown that acupuncture has positive effects in the treatment of FGIDs.However,the“prescription”intervention involved different single acupoints,compatible acupoints and acupoints based on expert consensus.CONCLUSIONS:The core acupoints,including Tianshu(ST25),Zusanli(ST36),and Shangjuxu(ST37),emphasize the application of special acupoints,meridian points and nerve segments,and the two-way regulatory effect found in this study is often used as the basis of acupoint selection and acupoint prescription for acupuncture treatment of FGIDs.

关键词： acupuncture gastrointestinal diseases acupuncture points special effects co-effects synergistic effects

The Increasing Role of synergistic effects in Carbon Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement, and Its Associated Health Benefits in China

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Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 103-111页

作者： Jie Wang Xi Lu Pengfei Du Haotian Zheng Zhaoxin Dong Zihua Yin Jia Xing Shuxiao Wang Jiming Hao State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of the EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China

A synergistic pathway is regarded as a critical measure for tackling the intertwined challenges of climate change and air pollution in China. However, there is as yet no indicator that can comprehensively reflect such synergistic effects;hence, existing studies lack a consistent framework for comparison. Here, we introduce a new synergistic indicator defined as the pollutant generation per gross domestic product (GDP) and adopt an integrated analysis framework by linking the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method, response surface model (RSM), and global exposure mortality model (GEMM) to evaluate the synergistic effects of carbon mitigation on both air pollutant reduction and public health in China. The results show that synergistic effects played an increasingly important role in the emissions mitigation of SO_(2), NOx, and primary particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter no greater than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), and the synergistic mitigation of pollutants respectively increase from 3.1, 1.4, and 0.3 Mt during the 11th Five-Year Plan (FYP) (2006–2010) to 5.6, 3.7, and 1.9 Mt during the 12th FYP (2011–2015). Against the non-control scenario, synergistic effects alone contributed to a 15% reduction in annual mean PM2.5 concentration, resulting in the prevention of 0.29 million (95% confidential interval: 0.28–0.30) PM2.5-attributable excess deaths in 2015. synergistic benefits to air quality improvement and public health were remarkable in the developed and population-dense eastern provinces and municipalities. With the processes of urbanization and carbon neutrality in the future, synergistic effects are expected to continue to increase. Realizing climate targets in advance in developed regions would concurrently bring strong synergistic effects to air quality and public health.

关键词： synergistic effects Indicator Carbon mitigation Air pollution control Spatial and temporal disparities

synergistic effects in CNTs-PdAu/Pt Trimetallic Nanoparticles with High Electrocatalytic Activity and Stability

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Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第4期9卷 129-138页

作者： Xin-Lei Cai Chang-Hai Liu Jie Liu Ying Lu Ya-Nan Zhong Kai-Qi Nie Jian-Long Xu Xu Gao Xu-Hui Sun Sui-Dong Wang Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Changzhou University

We present a straightforward physical approach for synthesizing multiwalled carbon nanotubes(CNTs)-Pd Au/Pt trimetallic nanoparticles(NPs), which allows predesign and control of the metal compositional ratio by simply adjusting the sputtering targets and conditions. The small-sized CNTs-Pd Au/Pt NPs(~3 nm, Pd/Au/Pt ratio of 3:1:2) act as nanocatalysts for the methanol oxidationreaction(MOR), showing excellent performance with electrocatalytic peak current of 4.4 A mg^(-1) Pt and high stability over 7000 s. The electrocatalytic activity and stability of the Pd Au/Pt trimetallic NPs are much superior to those of the corresponding Pd/Pt and Au/Pt bimetallic NPs,as well as a commercial Pt/C catalyst. Systematic investigation of the microscopic, crystalline, and electronic structure of the Pd Au/Pt NPs reveals alloying and charge redistribution in the Pd Au/Pt NPs, which are responsible for the promotion of the electrocatalytic performance.

关键词： CNTs PdAu/Pt Trimetallic nanoparticles Methanol oxidation reaction Electrocatalytic activity synergistic effects

synergistic effects of multiple driving factors on the runoff variations in the Yellow River Basin,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第8期13卷 835-857页

作者： WANG Junjie SHI Bing ZHAO Enjin CHEN Xuguang YANG Shaopeng College of Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Hubei Key Laboratory of Marine Geological Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China College of Ocean Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

River runoff plays an important role in watershed ecosystems and human survival,and it is controlled by multiple environmental factors.However,the synergistic effects of various large-scale circulation factors and meteorological factors on the runoff on different time-frequency scales have rarely been explored.In light of this,the underlying mechanism of the synergistic effects of the different environmental factors on the runoff variations was investigated in the Yellow River Basin of China during the period 1950-2019 using the bivariate wavelet coherence(WTC)and multiple wavelet coherence(MWC)methods.First,the continuous wavelet transform(CWT)method was used to analyze the multiscale characteristics of the runoff.The results of the CWT indicate that the runoff exhibited significant continuous or discontinuous annual and semiannual oscillations during the study period.Scattered inter-annual time scales were also observed for the runoff in the Yellow River Basin.The meteorological factors better explained the runoff variations on seasonal and annual time scales.The average wavelet coherence(AWC)and the percent area of the significant coherence(PASC)between the runoff and individual meteorological factors were 0.454 and 19.89%,respectively.The circulation factors mainly regulated the runoff on the inter-annual and decadal time scales with more complicated phase relationships due to their indirect effects on the runoff.The AWC and PASC between the runoff and individual circulation factors were 0.359 and 7.31%,respectively.The MWC analysis revealed that the synergistic effects of multiple factors should be taken into consideration to explain the multiscale characteristic variations of the runoff.The AWC or MWC ranges were 0.320-0.560,0.617-0.755,and 0.819-0.884 for the combinations of one,two,and three circulation and meteorological factors,respectively.The PASC ranges were 3.53%-33.77%,12.93%-36.90%,and 20.67%-39.34%for the combinations one,two,and three driving factors,respectively.The combinations of precipitatio

关键词： synergistic effects precipitation runoff variations atmospheric circulations multiple wavelet coherence Yellow River Basin

Probiotic cocktails accelerate baicalin metabolism in the ileum to modulate intestinal health in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 779-794页

作者： Mingkun Gao Chaoyong Liao Jianyang Fu Zhonghua Ning Zengpeng Lv Yuming Guo State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background Baicalin and probiotic cocktails are promising feed additives with broad application prospects.While probiotic cocktails are known to enhance intestinal health,the potential synergistic impact of combining baicalin with probiotic cocktails on the gut health of broiler chickens remains largely unexplored.Therefore,this study aims to investigate the influence of the combined administration of baicalin and probiotic cocktails on the composition of ileal and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the healthpromoting effects.Results A total of 3201-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were divided into 4 groups,each with 8 replicates of 10 chicks per replicate.Over a period of 42 d,the birds were fed a basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 37.5 g/t baicalin(BC),1,000 g/t probiotic cocktails(PC),or a combination of both BC(37.5 g/t)and PC(1,000 g/t).The results demonstrated that BC+PC exhibited positive synergistic effects,enhancing intestinal morphology,immune function,and barrier function.This was evidenced by increased VH/CD ratio,sIgA levels,and upregulated expression of occludin and claudin-1(Peffects of BC,particularly in the ileum,where BC+PC significantly increased theα-diversity of the ileal microbiota,altered itsβ-diversity,and increased the relative abundance of Flavonifractor(Psynergistic enhancement of gut health regulation in broiler chickens by combining baicalin and probiotic cocktails.Probiotic cocktails enhanced the effects of baicalin and accelerated its metabolism in the ileum,thereby influencing the ileal

关键词： Baicalin Gut health Ileal microbiota Probiotic cocktails synergistic effects

Temporal changes in mixing effects on litter decay and nitrogen release in a boreal riparian forest in northeastern China

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 33-41页

作者： Simin Wang Bo Liu Rui Li Xiaoxin Sun Rong Mao Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education School of ForestryNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Heilongjiang Sanjiang Plain Wetland Ecosystem Research Station Fuyuan 156500People’s Republic of China

In riparian forests,litter decay provides essential energy and nutrients for both terrestrial and fluvial ecosystems.Litter mixing effects(LMEs)are crucial in regulating litter decay and nutrient dynamics,yet how LMEs change over time is unclear in riparian forests.In this study,leaf litter of three common species(Alnus sibirica Fisch.ex Turcz,Betula platyphylla Sukaczev,and Betula fruticosa Pall.)were mixed in an equal mass ratio and LMEs were measured for mass and nitrogen(N)remaining in whole litter mixtures over a 3-year period in a boreal riparian forest,northeastern China.LMEs were also assessed for component litter mass and N remaining by separating litter mixtures by species.During the decay of litter mixtures,antagonistic effects on mass and N remaining were dominant after one and two years of decay,whereas only additive effects were observed after three years.LMEs correlated negatively with functional diversity after the first and two years of decay but disappeared after three years.When sorting litter mixtures by species,non-additive LMEs on mass and N remaining decreased over incubation time.Moreover,non-additive LMEs were more frequent for litter of both B.platyphylla and B.fruticosa with lower N concentration than for A.sibirica litter with higher N concentration.These results indicate that incubation time is a key determinant of litter mixing effects during decay and highlight that late-stage litter mixture decay may be predicted from single litter decay dynamics in boreal riparian forests.

关键词： Biodiversity Litter quality Litter mixtures synergistic effects Functional diversity

synergistic effects ON ATMOSPHERIC ANOMALY OF THE TROPICAL INDIAN AND PACIFIC OCEANS IN NORTHERN WINTER

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 1996年第4期10卷 444-452页

作者：李永平秦曾灏孙照渤 Shanghai Typhoon Institute.Shanghai 200030 Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing 210044

In terms of observational analysis and numerical simulations,study is performed of the synergistic effects of the tropical Indian Ocean and Pacific SSTA on the atmosphere in northern win- ter.It turns out that the SSTA features show in-phase variation for the Indian Ocean and the central/ eastern Pacific at low latitudes and anti-phase change compared with that in the neighborhood of the western Pacific“warming pool”.When negative SSTA in the western Pacific and positive SSTA in the central/eastern Pacific and the Indian Ocean are available,the 500 hPa height anomaly exhibits a wave train of a positive-negative-positive anomaly following a great-circle path emanating from the subtropical western Pacific via the NW portion to North America,with enhanced westerly jet over midlatitude East Asia and the NW Pacific,and v.v.The comparison to the results from the numeri- cal modeling of the tropical western Pacific SSTA reveals the importance of the synergistic effects of the oceans on atmospheric circulations.

关键词： singular value decomposition(SVD) numerical simulation synergistic effects great-circle path

Co-pyrolysis of South African bituminous coal and Scenedesmus microalgae:Kinetics and synergistic effects study

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2020年第4期7卷 807-815页

作者： Bothwell Nyoni Sifundo Duma Lukanyo Bolo Shaka Shabangu Shanganyane F.Hlangothi Department of Chemistry Nelson Mandela UniversityP.O.Box 77000Port Elizabeth 6031South Africa Innoventon Downstream Chemicals Technology Station.Nelson Mandela University.1-12 Gomery AveSummerstrandPort Elizabeth 6031.South Africa

In this work,the co-pyrolysis of coal and algae is explored with special emphasis on decomposition kinetics and the possibility of the existence of synergistic effects.Modelling and kinetics analysis based approaches were used for the investigation of the existence of synergistic effects.The co-pyrolysis kinetics was studied using the model-free,Coats-Redfern integral method.The kinetics were evaluated for 1st and 2nd order reaction models.Results reveal that Scenedesmus microalgae is characterised by a two stage decomposition process that occurs at temperature ranges of 200-400℃and 500-700℃with activation energy of 145.5 and 127.3 kJ/mol,respectively.Bituminous coal has a two stage,slow decomposition process that occurs at temperature ranges of 400-700℃and above 750℃with an activation energy of 81.8 and 649.3 kJ/mol,respectively.Furthermore,co-pyrolysis of coal and microalgae is characterised by three stages whose kinetics are dominated by the pyrolysis of the individual materials.For the studied range of coal/algae ratios,the three pyrolysis stages occur in the approximate temperature ranges of 200-400℃,430-650℃and above 750℃,with activation energies in the ranges of 131-138,72-78 and 864.5-1235 kJ/mol,respectively.Modelling and kinetics study showed that there is strong evidence of interactions between coal and microalgae that manifest as synergistic effects especially in the second and third stages of decomposition.

关键词： Coal Coats-Redfern Kinetics Microalgae synergistic effects

Combination of metformin and curcumin exhibits synergistic inhibitory effects on tumor growth and metastasis in HepG2 cells

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2016年第10期30卷 1073-1074页

作者： ZHANG Hui-hui ZHANG Ying CAO Zhan-qi GUO Xiu-li Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical ScienceShandong University

OBJECTIVE Hepatocel ular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality,with high incidence rates,robust metastatic propensity and acquired resistance to therapy.Metformin,an extensively prescribed and well-tolerated first-linetherapeutic drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus,has recently been identified as a potential and attractive anticancer adjuvant drug combined with chemotherapeutics to improve treatment efficacy and lower doses.Curcumin,a botanical extracts,has been shown antitumorigenic properties.This study aims to investigate the combinational effect of metformin and curcumin on inbibition of tumor growth and metastasis in Hep G2 cells and the possible underlying mechanisms.METHODS The cell proliferation was determined by MTT,CCK-8 and colony formation assay.The protein expression was detected by Western blotting.Activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was estimated by gelatin zymography.Flow cytometry analysis was used to evaluate the influence of metformin and curcumin on cell cycle arrest and apoptosis,and morphology observation of apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33342.Scratch and transwell assay was performed to detect the cell migration and invasion.The suppression of this combination therapy oncapillary tube formation was detected by tube formation assay.RESULTS Combination of metformin and curcumin induced stronger inhibition on Hep G2 cells proliferation than monotherapywhich related to induction of cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and apoptosis through regulation of the protein expression of cyclin B and Bcl-2/Bax.Moreover,the co-treatment of metformin with curcumin exerted an enhanced inhibitory effect on Hep G2 cell metastasis and synergistically inhibited the tube formation of HUVEC cells.The suppression of PI3K/AKT/m TOR pathway and inhibition the protein expression of STAT3,MMP9,MMP2 and VEGF might involve in this synergistic effects of combination treatment.CONCLUSION Combination of metformin and curcumin inhibited Hep G2 cells proliferationmore effectively than monotherapy and synerg

关键词： metformin curcumin synergistic effects metastasis HepG2 cells