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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第10期23卷 1729-1737页

作者： Xun Pan Zhimin Qiang Weiwei Ben Meixue Chen Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

This work describes a systematic approach to the development of a method for simultaneous determination of three classes of veterinary antibiotics in the suspended solids （SS） of swine wastewater, including five sulfonamides, three tetracyclines and one macrolide （tiamulin）. The entire procedures for sample pretreatment, ultrasonic extraction （USE）, solid-phase extraction （SPE）, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （LC-MS） quantification were examined and optimized. The recovery efficiencies were found to be 76%-104% for sulfonamides, 81%-112% for tetracyclines, and 51%--64% for tiamulin at three spiking levels. The intra-day and inter-day precisions, as expressed by the relative standard deviation （RSD）, were below 17%. The method detection limits （MDLs） were between 0.14 and 7.14 μg/kg, depending on a specific antibiotic studied. The developed method was applied to field samples collected from three concentrated swine feeding plants located in Beijing, Shanghai and Shandong province of China. All the investigated antibiotics were detected in both SS and liquid phase of swine wastewater, with partition coefficients （logKd） ranging from 0.49 to 2.30. This study demonstrates that the SS can not be ignored when determining the concentrations of antibiotics in swine wastewater.

关键词： antibiotics swine wastewater suspended solids ultrasonic extraction solid-phase extraction mass spectrometry

Modeling of secondary treated wastewater disinfection by UV irradiation: Effects of suspended solids content

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第8期22卷 1218-1224页

作者： Mounaouer Brahmi Noureddine Hamed Belhadi Helmi Hamdi Abdennaceur Hassen Water Research and Technology Center Borj Cdria Science & Technology Park

This work aimed to study UV-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to propose a formulation of the kinetics of secondary treated wastewater disinfection and to underline the influence of suspended solids on the inactivation kinetics of these strains. Some investigations were carried out for the validation of some simulation models, from the simplest, the kinetics model of Chick-Watson reduced to first order, to rather complex models such as multi-kinetic and Collins-Selleck models. Results revealed that the involved processes of UV irradiation were too complex to be approached by a simplified formulation, even in the case of specific strains of microorganisms and the use of nearly constant UV radiation intensity. In fact, the application of Chick-Watson model in its original form is not representative of the kinetics of UV disinfection. Modification, taking into account the speed change during the disinfection process, has not significantly improved results. On the other hand, the application of Collins-Selleck model demonstrates that it was necessary to exceed a least dose of critical radiation to start the process of inactivation. To better explain the process of inactivation, we have assumed that the action of disinfectant on the survival of lonely microorganisms is faster than its action on suspended solids protected or agglomerated to each others. We can assume in this case the existence of two inactivation kinetics during the processes （parallel and independent） of the first-order. For this reason, the application of a new kinetic model by introducing a third factor reflecting the influence of suspended solids in water on disinfection kinetics appeared to be determinant for modeling UV inactivation of P. aeruginosa in secondary treated wastewater.

关键词： secondary wastewater disinfection modeling UV irradiation kinetic suspended solids

Enhancing the total organic carbon measurement efficiency for water samples containing suspended solids using alkaline and ultrasonic pretreatment methods

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第4期32卷 20-28页

作者： Han-Saem Lee Jin Hur Hyun-Sang Shin Department of Environment Energy Engineering Seoul National University of Science&TechnologySeoul01811South Korea Department of Environment&Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul05006South Korea

In this study,we investigated the effect of sample pretreatments(ultrasonication and alkaline extraction)on total organic carbon(TOC)measurements for water samples containing suspended solids(SS)of four different origins(algae,soil,sewage sludge,and leaf litter)to more clearly assess the impact of particulate organic carbon(POC)in *** effects each of ultrasonication(power,pulse,etc.)and alkaline extraction condition(concentration,time,etc.)on the TOC recovery and precision were investigated,and the results were compared with those of a new sample pre treatment method combining both *** treatment(0.01 mol/L NaOH)showed higher precision than ultrasonication(100/5 on/off pulse),and notably,the differences among the measured TOC values in samples of different origins were also further reduced in the alkaline *** suggests that the ultrasonic pretreatment results can be mainly attributed to the increase in POC recovery through particle size reduction,whereas the alkaline treatment results are achieved through the enhancement of POC *** is also particularly noteworthy that a higher TOC recovery of 87.6%±7.4%with a higher precision of 8.4%could be obtained using the combined method,compared to each treatment(ultrasonic:TOC recovery 34.7%,relative standard deviation 63.1%;alkaline:49.6%and 23.0%,respectively).Thus,simultaneous pretreatment with ultrasonication and alkaline extraction is expected to increase the oxidation rate of organic matter and the homogeneity of the samples,minimizing the loss of POC measurement values,and thereby improving the reliability of the TOC measurements of water samples containing SS.

关键词： Total organic carbon suspended solids Pretreatment Ultrasonication Alkaline extraction

Surface clogging process modeling of suspended solids during urban stormwater aquifer recharge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第8期24卷 1418-1424页

作者： Zijia Wang Xinqiang Du Yuesuo Yang Xueyan Ye Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun 130021China School of Earth Sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiffCFIO 3YEUK

Aquifer recharge, which uses urban stormwater, is an effective technique to control the negative effects of groundwater overexploitation, while clogging problems in infiltration systems remain the key restricting factor in broadening its practice. Quantitative understanding of the clogging process is still very poor. A laboratory study was conducted to understand surface physical clogging processes, with the primary aim of developing a model for predicting suspended solid clogging processes before aquifer recharge projects start. The experiments investigated the clogging characteristics of different suspended solid sizes in recharge water by using a series of one-dimensional fine quartz sand columns. The results showed that the smaller the suspended particles in recharge water, the farther the distance of movement and the larger the scope of clogging in porous media. Clogging extents in fine sand were 1 cm, for suspended particle size ranging from 0.075 to 0.0385 mm, and 2 cm, for particles less than 0.0385 mm. In addition, clogging development occurred more rapidly for smaller suspended solid particles. It took 48, 42, and 36 hr respectively, for large-, medium-, and small-sized particles to reach pre-determined clogging standards. An empirical formula and iteration model for the surface clogging evolution process were derived. The verification results obtained from stormwater recharge into fine sand demonstrated that the model could reflect the real laws of the surface clogging process.

关键词： stormwater aquifer recharge suspended solids clogging

Heavy-metal contents in suspended solids of Meiliang Bay,Taihu Lake and its environmental significances

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第4期17卷 672-675页

作者： ZHUGuang-wei CHIQiao-qiao QINBo-qiang WANGWen-min NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnology ChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008China JiangxiAgriculturalUniversity Nanchang330045China NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnology ChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008China／／GraduateChina SchoolofChineseAcademyofSciences Beijing100039

Surface water was taken from river mouth to the central area of Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake, a large shallow eutrophic lake in China. suspended solids were condensed by centrifugation 25 L surface water samples from each selected site. suspended solids and surface sediments were further freeze-dried and microwave digested before determining the metals by ICP-AES. Among the metals analyzed in suspended solids and sediments, contents of Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn in suspended solids were significantly higher than those in sediments while contents of Al, Ba, Be, Ca, Co, Fe, K, Mg, Pb, and V in suspended solids were 10%—30% higher than those in sediments. Sr and Ti contents in suspended solids and sediments were very similar. Na content in suspended solids was lower than that in sediments. Heavy metals were significantly accumulated in suspended solids. From the river mouth to the center of Meiliang Bay, contents of Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn in suspended solids showed a gradual decreasing trend indicating the river(Zhihugang River) still discharged large quantity of heavy metals to Meiliang Bay. The study suggests that the geochemical behaviors and ecological effects of heavy metals in suspended solids may serve as a good indicator for the pollution of lake.

关键词： shallow lakes suspended solids heavy metals Taihu Lake

Effect of the exposure to suspended solids on the enzymatic activity in the bivalve Sinonovacula constricta

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2017年第1期2卷 10-17页

作者： Guojun Yang Lun Song Xiaoqian Lu Nianbin Wang Yang Li College of Fisheries and Life Science Dalian Ocean UniversityDalianLiaoning 116023China Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute DalianLiaoning 116023China College of Applied and Technology Dalian Ocean UniversityDalianLiaoning 116023China

Aquatic animals are susceptible to sudden changes of their living environment but they adopt strategies to cope with adverse environmental *** by suspended solids,often associated with a dramatic change in the concentrations of important water-quality variables is a frequent occurrence in China's coastal waters and *** we studied the impact of suspended solids on the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT),as well as adenosine triphosphates(including Na^(+)K^(+)-ATPase,Mg^(++)-ATPase,Ca^(++)-ATPase)and H^(+)K^(+)-ATPase in the gills and visceral mass tissues of the molluscan bivalve Sinonovacula constricta exposed(4,8,12,16,20,and 24 days)to various concentrations of suspended *** results showed that the antioxidant enzymes cooperated closely to effectively scavenge superoxide anion free radicals and H2O2(which can ultimately inhibit gill activity)through the modification of SOD and/or CAT enzymatic *** activity(considered to be a sensitive indicator of toxicity)could play an effective role in the maintenance of functional integrity of the plasma membranes as well as some other intracellular *** the exposure,a decrease in the Nat K^(+)-ATPase,Mg^(++)-ATPase,and Ca^(++)-ATPase activity of the gills was observed suggesting that they were inhibited by the *** results also indicated that,from day 4 to day 16,exposure to high concentrations of suspended solids had an inhibitory effect on the activity of H^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase in the visceral mass of ***,after a period of adaptation the H^(+)-K^(+)-ATPase activity was restored to original *** results suggest that long-term exposure to high levels of suspended solids disturb osmoregulation,gastric acid secretion and digestion,cause oxidative damage,as a consequence of antioxidant enzymes inactivation which eventually damages the gills,affect the food intake and transformation,ultimatel

关键词： suspended solids Sinonovacula constricta Antioxidant enzymes ATP ases

suspended solids Sedimentation of River Water Influenced by Electrocoagulation

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Suspended Solids Sedimentation of River Water Influenced by ...

Model Study on the Impact of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and suspended solids on a Marine Ecosystem

International Conference on Environmental and Biological Sciences(ICEBS’2012);International Conference on Nanotechnology and Chemical Engineering(ICNCS’2012);International Conference on Trade,Tourism and Management(ICTTM’2012);International Conference on Automation,Control and Robotics(ICACR’2012);International Conference on Data Mining and Computer Engineering(ICDMCE’2012);International Conference on Civil,Electrical and Electronics Engineering(ICCEEE’2012)

作者： Sudatta. Mohanty Fadil Bin Hj. Othman Ahmed Rozlan Nazmi Civil Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology the Environmental Engineering department in Faculty of Civil Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

River Water generally contains much lower suspended solids concentration, Bio-chemical Oxygen Demand and Chemical Oxygen Demand than industrial waste water. But even in river water treatment, electro-coagulation proves effective in removing up to 30% suspended solids with Fe electrode and up to 45% in case of Al electrode. The optimum current density for electro-coagulation was found to be around 70 A/m2 , optimum distance between electrodes was 10mm and optimum time for electro-coagulation of 1L sample was between 20-30min. The study showed that time, distance between electrodes and settling time were most important parameters for Al electrode and current density was most important parameter for Fe electrode. At lower current density, performance of Fe electrode was better than Al electrode. However, as current density and time was increased, performance of Al electrode was better. Hence, this experiment proves feasibility of electro-coagulation in suspended solids removal from river water.

关键词： Electrocoagulation suspended solids Sedimentation Iron/Aluminium electrodes Settling Time

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Model Study on the Impact of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Susp...

Investigation of the impact of hydrodynamic conditions on sediment resuspension in shallow lakes

作者： Hao Liu Zhikang Zhang Baoshu Yin College of Marine Sciences Shanghai Ocean University Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences

A Nutrient-Phytoplankton-Zooplankton-Detritus（NPZD） type of model is developed,and coupled to a three-dimensional ocean circulation model（POM） to simulate the annual cycle of the biogenic elements in a marine *** impact of petroleum hydrocarbons and suspended solids are also examined.A series of numerical experiments are conducted to investigate how the marine ecosystem responds to the concentration variation of petroleum hydrocarbons and suspended solids in the sea *** is found that as the concentration of suspended solids increases,the diatom bloom occurs for a long time,and meanwhile the dinoflagellate bloom is significantly *** a consequence,the total phytoplankton biomass decreases and the nutrient concentration increase in the water *** to the SS situation,as the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons changes,the algae biomass and the nutrient concentration don’t show the obvious differences in the water column.

关键词： Petroleum hydrocarbons suspended solids Biological model Bohai bay

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1676-1691页

作者： Wenguang Luo Jing Lu Senlin Zhu Yao Yue Lingjun Xiao State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhanPeople’s Republic of China College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouPeople’s Republic of China Wuhan Yuchi Testing Technology Co. LtdWuhanPeople’s Republic of China

In this study,we sampled the original sediment columns from three points located in the eastern,central,and western areas of Chaohu Lake,and then investigated sediment resuspension under hydraulic disturbances in the laboratory. The results showed that when the hydraulic disturbance is weak and sediment surface shear stress is small (suspended matter (SSCmax)),which is the major contribution of individual sediment initiation. The new sediment layer is about 19–22 mm (20.9% of the SSCmax),which considerably affects sediment resuspension in shallow lakes. The consolidated layer is about 22 mm below the bed surface,which requires high shear stress and is hard to be transferred to the water column. The quantified experimental observation results are further verified with the theoretical results.

关键词： Sediment resuspension suspended solids shear stress hydrodynamic Lake Chaohu

Monitoring the Physico-Chemical Quality of the Davo River (South-West of Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2022年第8期12卷 1402-1415页

作者： Natchia Aka Yao Dakro Albert Gboko Kéiba Noël Keumean Oi Adjiri Adjiri Nagnin Soro Département Environnement Centre de Recherches Océanologiques Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Eau et l’Environnement (LSTEE) UFR-STRM Université Félix Houphou&euml t Boigny Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de l’Environnement (LSTE) UFR Environnement-Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé Daloa C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The Davo River, an affluent of the Sassandra River, like other rivers in Côte d’Ivoire, is subject to anthropogenic activities likely to deteriorate its quality which could affect its use as drinking water and also the health of aquatic organisms. This study aims at monitoring the temporal evolution of the physico-chemical quality of the waters of the Davo River at the Dakpadou hydrometric station. Twelve monthly field missions were carried out to sample water, measure temperature, pH, Electrical Conductivity and analyse turbidity, suspended solids, major elements (Cl-, NO3-,HCO3-, SO42-, Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+, and K+) and Trace Metallic Elements (Hg, Fe, Cu, Cr, and Pb). Results show that the waters of the Davo river are poorly mineralized. They are also acidic during periods of low water and slightly basic during flooding periods. The average turbidity value of 10.18 NTU places these waters in the slightly turbid class. The waters have calcic bicarbonate facies during low water periods and sodium bicarbonate facies with low concentrations of major elements during flood months. The average TME concentrations of the Davo river indicate that the waters are not harmful for the health of the population and the aquatic environment.

关键词： Davo River Turbidity suspended solids Major Elements Trace Metallic Element