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Relationship Between Grain Yield and Yield Components in super hybrid rice

Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第10期10卷 1537-1544页

作者： HUANG Min ZOU Ying-bin JIANG Peng XIA Bing Md Ibrahim AO He-jun College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 P.R.China

Chinese super hybrid rice breeding project has developed many new varieties with great yield potential. It is controversial which yield component should be emphasized in super hybrid rice production. The present study was conducted to compare super hybrid rice with common hybrid and super inbred rice and analyze contributions of yield components to grain yield of super hybrid rice under experimental conditions, and evaluate relationships between grain yield and yield components of super hybrid rice in farmer’s paddy fields. Field experiments were done in Changsha, Guidong, and Nanxian, Hunan Province, China, from 2007 to 2009. Eight super hybrid varieties, one common hybrid variety, and one super inbred variety were grown in each location and year. rice production investigation was undertaken in high-yielding （Guidong）, moderate-yielding （Nanxian）, and low-yielding （Ningxiang） regions of Hunan Province, China, in 2009. Grain yield and yield components were measured in both the field experiments and rice production investigation. super hybrid rice varieties outyielded common hybrid and super inbred varieties across three locations and years. Yield potential has been increased by 11.4% in super hybrid rice varieties compared with common and super inbred varieties. The higher yield of super hybrid varieties was attributed to improvement in panicle size. Panicles per m2 had the highest positive contribution to grain yield with the exception under yield level of 10.0 to 12.0 t ha-1, and was positively related to grain yield in farmer’s field at all of the high-, moderate-, and low-yielding regions. Our study suggests that panicle per m2 ought to be emphasized in super hybrid rice production.

关键词： super hybrid rice yield panicle number panicle size

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Effect of Nitrogen Regimes on Grain Yield,Nitrogen Utilization,Radiation Use Efficiency,and Sheath Blight Disease Intensity in super hybrid rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第1期11卷 134-143页

作者： LI Di-qin TANG Qi-yuan ZHANG Yun-bo QIN Jian-quan LI Hu CHEN Li-jun YANG Sheng-hai ZOU Ying-bin PENG Shao-bing State Key Laboratory of hybrid rice Hunan Agricultural University Changsha Hunan 410128 P.R.China Crop Physiology and Production Center （CPPC） Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 P..R.China

Poor nitrogen use efficiency in rice production is a critical issue in China. Site-specific N managements （SSNM） such as real-time N management （RTNM） and fixed-time adjustable-dose N management （FTNM） improve fertilizer-N use efficiency of irrigated rice. This study was aimed to compare the different nitrogen （N） rates and application methods （FFP, SSNM, and RTNM methods） under with- and without-fungicide application conditions on grain yield, yield components, solar radiation use efficiency （RUE）, agronomic-nitrogen use efficiency （AEN）, and sheath blight disease intensity. Field experiments were carried out at Liuyang County, Hunan Province, China, during 2006 and 2007. A super hybrid rice Liangyou 293 （LY293） was used as experimental material. The results showed that RTNM and SSNM have great potential for improving agronomic-nitrogen use efficiency without sacrificing the grain yield. There were significant differences in light interception rate, sheath blight disease incidence （DI） and the disease index （ShBI）, and total dry matter among the different nitrogen management methods. The radiation use efficiency was increased in a certain level of applied N. But, the harvest index （HI） decreased with the increase in applied N. There is a quadratic curve relationship between grain yield and applied N rates. With the same N fertilizer rate, different fertilizer-N application methods affected the RUE and grain yield. The fungicide application not only improved the canopy light interception rate, RUE, grain filling, and harvest index, but also reduced the degree of sheath blight disease. The treatment of RTNM under the SPAD threshold value 40 obtained the highest yield. While the treatment of SSNM led to the highest nitrogen agronomic efficiency and higher rice yield, and decreased the infestation of sheath blight disease dramatically as well. Nitrogen application regimes and diseases control in rice caused obvious effects on light interception rate, RUE, and HI. Optim

关键词： super hybrid rice real-time N management fixed-time adjustable-does N management grain yield sheath blight radiation use efficiency agronomic-nitrogen use efficiency

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Yield potential and stability in super hybrid rice and its production strategies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第5期16卷 1009-1017页

作者： HUANG Min TANG Qi-yuan AO He-jun ZOU Ying-bin Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops(CICGO) Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128P.R.China

China＇s super hybrid rice Breeding Program has made significant progress over the past two decades. In this paper, we reviewed our studies on the yield potential and stability in super hybrid rice and discussed the strategies for super hybrid rice production. The results of our studies show that rice yield potential has been increased by 12% in super hybrid cultivars as compared with ordinary hybrid and inbred cultivars. The higher grain yields in super hybrid rice cultivars are attributed to larger panicle size coupled with higher biomass production or higher harvest index. However, grain yields in super hybrid rice cultivars vary widely among locations depending on soil and climatic factors. Therefore, it is important to tailor target yield to local conditions in super hybrid rice production. The target yield for super hybrid rice production can be determined by the average yield method or the regression model method. Improving soil quality is critical to achieving the target yield in super hybrid rice production. Favorable crop rotations such as rice-oilseed rape and novel soil management practices, such as biochar addition, are effective approaches to improve soil quality. It is needed to develop simplified cultivation tech- nologies for super hybrid rice to meet the changes in socioeconomic environments during the period of transition. There are such technologies as no-tillage direct seeding and mechanized transplanting at high hill density with single seedling per hill.

关键词： mechanized transplanting no-tillage direct seeding super hybrid rice target yield yield potential yield stability

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Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Level on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics in Flag Leaf of super hybrid rice at Late Growth Stage

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rice science 2013年第3期20卷 220-228页

作者： LONG Ji-rui MA Guo-hui WAN Yi-zheng SONG Chun-fang SUN Jian QIN Rui-jun State Key Laboratory of hybrid rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Center Liuyang Yongan Agricultural Technology Popularity Center University of California

To compare the effects of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer at six different levels on the flag leaf chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of super hybrid rice, a field fertilization experiment was conducted with super hybrid rice Y Liangyou 1 as a test material. The photosynthetic electron transport rate （ETR）, effective quantum yield （EQY）, photochemical quenching coefficient （qp）, and non-photochemical quenching coefficient （NPQ） of flag leaves were measured at the initial heading, full heading, 10 d after full heading and 20 d after full heading stages. Results showed that the values of ETR, EQY and qp increased with rice development from initial heading to 20 d after full heading, whereas the NPQ decreased. During the measured stages, ETR, EQY and qp increased initially and then decreased as nitrogen application amount increased, but they peaked at different nitrogen fertilizer levels. The maximum ETR and EQY values appeared at the treatment of 135 kg/hm2 N. In conclusion, the optimum nitrogen amount for chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of super hybrid rice was 135-180 kg/hm2.

关键词： super hybrid rice slow-release nitrogen fertilizer chlorophyll fluorescence nitrogen-saving cultivation

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Analysis on Dry Matter Production Characteristics of super hybrid rice

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rice science 2008年第2期15卷 110-118页

作者： WU Wen-ge ZHANG Hong-cheng QIAN ZHAI Chao-qun DAI Qi-gen Ying-fei CHENG Ye Wu Gui-cheng rice Cultivation Technology Innovation Center in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculturel Rice Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hefei 230031 China Agricultural College Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 China

Six middle-season indica hybrid rice combinations, including five super hybrid rice combinations with the high yield about 10.5 t/ha and a check hybrid rice combination Shanyou 63 with a yield potential about 9.5 t/ha, were used as materials to study the dry matter production characteristics. The super hybrid rice showed a high ability in dry matter production and accumulation and its yield enhanced with the increase of dry matter accumulation. The advantage period of dry matter production in the super hybrid rice was mainly at the middle and late growth stages compared with the check. The grain yield had no significant correlation with the dry matter accumulation before the elongation stage while had a significantly positive correlation with the dry matter accumulation from the elongation to maturity stages in super hybrid rice. There were more dry matter in vegetative organs at the heading stage in the super hybrid rice but its contribution to yield （apparent conversion percentage） was averagely 4.3 percent points lower than that in the check. For crop growth rate （CGR）, the comparative advantage of super hybrid rice was at the middle and late stages, especially after flowering. Moreover, as the rising of leaf area index （LAI） and leaf area duration （LAD）, CGR enhanced. The total LAD and the mean of lAD per day of super hybrid rice was about 14.79% and 10.31% higher than those of the check, respectively. The results indicate that the high yield of super hybrid rice mostly comes from the products of photosynthesis after heading, which is shown by the increased CGR at middle and later stages. It is suggested that LAD character might be used to better explain the advantage in the dry matter production of super hybrid rice than LAI.

关键词： super hybrid rice dry matter production crop growth rate leaf area duration leaf area index net assimilation rate

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Breeding strategies for increasing yield potential in super hybrid rice

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015年第4期2卷 277-282页

作者： Shihua CHENG Xiaodeng ZHAN Liyong CAO China National rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006China

super hybrid rice breeding is a new breeding method combining semi-dwarf breeding and heterosis breeding using germplasm and gene-environment *** paper reviews the breeding strategies of super hybrid rice breeding in China,focusing on the utilization of heterosis of indica and japonica subspecies,construction of ideal plant architecture and pyramiding of disease resistant genes in restorer *** develop super hybrid rice,considerable effort should be made to explore genes related with high yield,good quality,resistance to pests and diseases,tolerance to *** breeding methods in combination with crossing techniques should be adopted in super hybrid rice breeding.

关键词： super hybrid rice breeding strategies yield potential

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super hybrid rice

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rice Science 2000年第1期8卷 13-15页

作者： YUAN Longping China National hybrid rice R & D Center,Changsha 410125,China China National hybrid rice R＆ D Center Changsha 410125 China

Up to now, there are only two effective ways to increase theyield potential of crops through breeding, *** and heterosis ***, the potential is very limited by using mor-phologic improvement only, and heterosis breedin... 详细信息

关键词： high than super hybrid rice

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Practices and Prospects of super hybrid rice Breeding

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rice science 2007年第2期14卷 71-77页

作者： CHEN Li-yun XIAO Ying-hui TANG Wen-bang LEI Dong-yang rice Research Institute Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China

The great progress in super rice breeding both in China and other countries has been made in recent years. However, there were three main problems in super rice breeding： 1） the super rice varieties were still rare; 2） most super rice varieties exhibited narrow adaptability; and 3） current breeding theories emphasized too much on the rice growth model, but they were unpractical in guidance for rice breeding. According to the authors＇ experience on the rice breeding, the breeding strategies including three steps （super parent breeding, super hybrid rice breeding and super hybrid rice seed production） were proposed, and the objectives of each step and the key technologies to achieve the goals were elucidated in detail. The super parent of hybrid rice should exhibit excellent performance in all agronomic traits, with the yield or sink capacity reached the level of the hybrid rice control in regional trials. The super hybrid rice combination should meet the following criteria： good rice quality, wide adaptation, lodging resistance, resistance to main insects and diseases, and the yield exceeded above 8% over the control varieties in the national and provincial regional trials. To achieve the goal, the technical strategies, such as selecting optimal combination of the parents, increasing selection pressure, paying more attention to harmony of ideal plant type, excellent physiological traits and all the agronomic traits, should be emphasized. The yield of seed production should reach 3.75 t/ha and 5.25 t/ha for the super hybrid rice combinations derived from early-season and middle-season types of male sterile lines, respectively. The main technologies for raising seed production yield included selecting optimum seed production site, using the male sterile line with large sink capacity and good outcrossing characteristics, and improving the amount of the pollen by intensive cultivation of the male parent. According to the technologies of the three-step breeding on super h

关键词： super hybrid rice breeding strategy super parent hybrid rice seed production

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Identification and Purity Test of super hybrid rice with SSR Molecular Markers

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rice science 2005年第1期12卷 7-12页

作者： XINYe-yun ZHANGZhan XIONGYi-ping YUANLong-pin SchoolofLifeScienceandTechnology CentralSouthUniversiryChangsha410083China／／ChinaNationalHybridRiceResearchandDevelopmentalCenterChangsha410125China ChinaNationalhybridriceResearchandDevelopmentalCenter Changsha410125China

Five super hybrid rice combinations, i.e. HYS-1/R105, Pei'ai 64S/E32, Liangyoupeijiu (Pei'ai 64S/9311), 88S/0293, and J23A/Q611, and their parental lines were tested by means of SSR analysis. A total of 144 SSR primer pairs distributed on 12 rice chromosomes were used, out of which 47 detected polymorphism among the tested rice lines. Among all these primers, RM337 and RM154 produced polymorphic patterns in four or more of the tested experimental materials respectively, and they could distinguish among most rice genotypes tested. Twenty-four primer pairs, two on each rice chromosome, were selected to make a reference SSR marker-based fingerprinting for the rice lines. For most of the primer pairs, F1 hybrids mainly showed complementary pattern of both parents, which could be very useful to distinguish the F1 from its parental lines. In addition, 5 primer pairs were selected as special primer pairs for five hybrid rice combinations respectively. By combining the rapid, simple method on DNA extraction, it is suggested that SSR technique has wide prospective in variety authentication and purity identification.

关键词： SSR molecular marker super hybrid rice identification purity

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Analysis on Dry Matter Production Characteristics of super hybrid rice

Analysis on Dry Matter Production Characteristics of Super H...

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全国第十七届水稻优质高产理论与技术研讨会

作者：吴文革 Zhang Hong-cheng Qian Ying-fei Cheng Ye Wu Gui-cheng Zhai Chao-qun Dai Qi-gen rice Cultivation Technology Innovation Center in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture/Rice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences Agricultural College Yangzhou University

Six middle-season indica hybrid rice combinations,including five super hybrid rice combinations with the high yield about 10.5 t/ha and a check hybrid rice combination Shanyou 63 with a yield potential about 9.5 t/ha,were used as materials to study the dry matter production *** super hybrid rice showed a high ability in dry matter production and accumulation and its yield enhanced with the increase of dry matter *** advantage period of dry matter production in the super hybrid rice was mainly at the middle and late growth stages compared with the *** grain yield had no significant correlation with the dry matter accumulation before the elongation stage while had a significantly positive correlation with the dry matter accumulation from the elongation to maturity stages in super hybrid *** were more dry matter in vegetative organs at the heading stage in the super hybrid rice but its contribution to yield(apparent conversion percentage) was averagely 4.3 percent points lower than that in the *** crop growth rate(CGR),the comparative advantage of super hybrid rice was at the middle and late stages,especially after ***,as the rising of leaf area index(LAI) and leaf area duration(LAD),CGR *** total LAD and the mean of LAD per day of super hybrid rice was about 14.79%and 10.31%higher than those of the check,*** results indicate that the high yield of super hybrid rice mostly comes from the products of photosynthesis after heading,which is shown by the increased CGR at middle and later *** is suggested that LAD character might be used to better explain the advantage in the dry matter production of super hybrid rice than LAI.

关键词： super hybrid rice dry matter production crop growth rate leaf area duration leaf area index net assimilation rate

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