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Concentration and retention of ascorbic acid,carotenoids,and sugars in fresh-cut lettuce in modified atmosphere packaging

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2025年第1期11卷 303-313页

作者： Jinita Sthapit Kandel Ivan Simko Ryan J.Hayes Beiquan Mou U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceSam Farr United States Crop Improvement and Protection Research Center1636 E.Alisal StreetSalinasCA93905USA U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceForage Seed and Cereal Research Unit3450 SW Campus WayCorvallisOR97331USA U.S.Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research ServiceSunflower and Plant Biology Research1616 Albrecht Blvd NFargoND58102USA

Fresh-cut lettuce is widely used in ready-to-eat salads sold in modified atmosphere packages (MAP).Even in MAP,fresh-cut lettuce has short shelf life that results in loss of *** cultivars exhibit genetic variation for shelf life in MAP,but their variation for nutrient retention is not *** accessions were evaluated for initial content of ascorbic acid (AsA),carotenoids,and sugars and their retention in *** with high content and/or good retention of one or more nutrients were *** romaine accession ‘Floricos’ had high levels of all the three *** with relatively high retention of all the three nutrients were ‘Salinas 88’,‘Siskiyou’,‘Solar’,SM09A,‘Romance’,and ‘Green Towers’.Romaine cultivars,‘Balady Barrage’,‘Green Towers’,and ‘Darkland’ had relatively high initial levels of all tested nutrients and good rate of their *** was no clear correlation between initial AsA/carotene concentrations and their retention rates,suggesting that besides content,retention of nutrients should also be a breeding target in a lettuce nutritional improvement *** analyses with the Pearson's correlation coefficient determined a negative relationship between tissue deterioration(AUDePS) and retention of all tested nutrients[r of-0.52 (Psugars],suggesting that an increase in tissue deterioration intensifies nutrient ***-sense heritability (H^(2)) across the experiments was0.15 for AsA,0.23 for total carotene,and 0.50 for total *** of germplasm with high nutrient content,extended shelf life and good nutrient retention provides valuable information for the lettuce industry and associated breeding programs.

关键词： Lettuce Shelf life Nutrient retention Ascorbic acid Carotene sugars

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Microwave-assisted catalyst-free hydrolysis of fibrous cellulose for deriving sugars and biochemicals

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第4期13卷 718-726页

作者： Songshan Jiang Helen Daly Huan Xiang Ying Yan Huiping Zhang Christopher Hardacre Xiaolei Fan School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

Microwave(MW)assisted catalyst-free hydrolysis of fibrous cellulose(FC,cellulolysis)at 200℃promoted a cellulose conversion o f ca.37.2%and quantitative production o f valuable C5/C6 sugars(e.g.,glucose)and the according platform biochemicals(e.g.,5-hydroxymethylfurfliral),corresponding to an overall selectivity o f 96.5%.Conversely,conventional hydrothermal cellulolysis under similar conditions was not effective,even after 24 h,carbonising the *** on the systematic study of MW-assisted cellulolysis,the specific interaction between water molecules and macroscopic FC under the MW irradiation was proposed,accounting for the interpretation o f the experimental *** kinetic energy o f water molecules under the MW irradiation facilitated the C-C(in the non-hindered surface-CH2OH groups)and C-O-C bond breaking(inside the cellulose cavities)in FC,producing primary cellulolysis products of xylose,glucose and cellobiose.

关键词： microwave fibrous cellulose hydrolysis sugars mechanism

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Microarray Expression Profiling of Postharvest Ponkan Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) Fruit under Cold Storage Reveals Regulatory Gene Candidates and Implications on Soluble sugars Metabolism

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第5期53卷 358-374页

作者： Andan Zhu Wenyun Li Junli Ye Xiaohua Sun Yuduan Ding Yunjiang Cheng Xiuxin Deng Key Laboratory of Horticulture Plant Biology of Ministry of Education and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement HuazhongAgricultural University Wuhan 430070 China

Low temperature storage is widely applied to maintain citrus postharvest fruit quality. In this study, the transcriptional and metabolic changes in the pulp tissue of Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. ＂Ponkan＂ were studied for three successive months under cold storage by Affymetrix Citrus GeneChip and gas chromatography, respectively. As many as 2 161 differentially expressed transcripts were identified based on the bayesian hierarchical model. The statistical analysis of gene ontology revealed that defense/stress-related genes were induced quickly, while autophagy-related genes were overrepresented in the late sampling stages, suggesting that the functional shift may coincide with the subsequent steps of chilling development. We further classified the potential regulatory components and concluded that ethylene may play the crucial role in chilling development in this non-climacteric fruit. To cope with complex events, 53 upregulated transcription factors represented regulatory candidates. Within these, the AP2-EREBP, C2H2 and AS2 gene family were overrepresented. Cold storage also causes alterations in various metabolic pathways; a keen interest is paid in deciphering expression changes of soluble sugar genes as increased evidence that soluble sugars act as both osmolytes and metabolite signal molecules. Our results will likely facilitate further studies in this field with promising genetic candidates during chilling.

关键词： MANDARIN orange sugars PLANT metabolism FRUIT -- Quality PLANT genetics DNA microarrays PLANT gene expression

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Changes in the sugars,amino acids and organic acids of postharvest sperminetreated immature vegetable soybean(Glycine max ***.)as determined by^(1)H NMR spectroscopy

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2020年第1期2卷 62-71页

作者： Jiangfeng Song Gang Wu Tao Li Chunquan Liu Dajing Li Institute of Farm Product Processing Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014P.R.China Jiangsu Gian Food Co. Ltd.Nantong 226363P.R.China Dongtai Lvjiayuan Food Co.Ltd. Yancheng 224005P.R.China

^(1)H NMR spectroscopy was adopted to determine compositional changes(mainly sugars,organic acids and amino acids)involved in cold-stored immature soybean grains after exogenous spermine *** changes of sugars,including sucrose,galactose,myo-inositol,glucose and fructose were detected in soybean after spermine *** for the organic acids related to tricarboxylic acid cycle,the levels of malic and fumaric acids decreased but the level of citric acid ***,no significant changes were observed for amino acids in spermine-treated *** using metabolic profile analysis,a difference was observed between the aging of soybean grains as such and those treated with *** study provides an insight into the accumulation of metabolites in postharvest immature soybeans after exogenous spermine-treatment.

关键词： Exogenous spermine Vegetable soybean sugars Amino acids Organic acids Cold storage

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Total phenolic,chromium contents and antioxidant activity of raw and processed sugars

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2017年第1期4卷 83-89页

作者： Munawar Iqbal MAfzal Qamar Tanveer H.Bokhari Mazhar Abbas Fida Hussain Nasir Masood Ali Keshavarzi Naseem Qureshih Arif Nazir Department of Chemistry The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Government Postgraduate College Samanabad FaisalabadPakistan Department of Chemistry Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology The University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Botany Qurtuba University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar 25100Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyVehari 61100Pakistan Laboratory of Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Soil Science EngineeringUniversity of TehranKaraj 31587-77871Iran Department of Chemistry Karakoram International UniversityGilgit 15100Pakistan

Processing improves the visual quality of food;however,the ingredient and nutritional values may *** present study,the sugar samples(refined,raw,gur(Jaggery/jaggeree)and molasses)were collected from 20 different agro-climatic regions of Pakistan and analyzed for the chromium concentration,total phenolic and antioxidant activity,in order to evaluate the processing *** concentration of Cr was determined by digestion method using atomic absorption spectrophotometer,while antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)and reducing *** was observed that chromium content in Jaggery was 74%higher than raw sugar,while molasses showed 21.27%higher concentration versus *** total phenolic contents were found considerably higher in molasses(3751 lg GAE/g)followed by Jaggery(3285 lg GAE/g),raw sugar(27.75 lg GAE/g)and refined sugar(23.81 lg GAE/g).The DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power was also found dependent to sugar *** results,it can be concluded that processing significantly affected the chromium contents,total phenolics and antioxidant activity.

关键词： Processing effect sugars Total phenolics Antioxidant activity Chromium contents Diabetes mellitus

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Production of Fermentable sugars from Organosolv Pretreated Cassava Peels

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Advances in Microbiology 2015年第2期5卷 117-122页

作者： Afolake Atinuke Olanbiwoninu Sunday Ayodele Odunfa Department of Biological Sciences Ajayi Crowther University Oyo Nigeria Department of Microbiology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

Cassava peels are rich in lignocellulolytic materials which are not readily amenable to enzymatic hydrolysis;hence, there is a need for a suitable pretreatment method that will support enzymatic hydrolysis. This study was designed to investigate lignocellulolytic organisms that would effectively support the bioconversion of organosolv pretreated cassava peels to fermentable sugars. Decaying cassava peels were collected into sterile bottles and microorganisms isolated, characterized and screened for lignocellulolytic enzymes production. Optimum temperature, pH and nutrient sources for enzyme production were determined. Organosolv pretreatment was carried out using methanol with varied concentration of catalyst (0.01 - 3 M), reaction time (15 - 60 min) and substrate size. Crude enzymes (cellulase and xylanase) from the isolates were added to the pretreated peels and bioconversion was monitored by measuring the concentration of reducing sugar and calculating the percentage peel hydrolysis. The fermentable sugars produced were quantified using gas chromatography. Pseudomonas fluorescens and Aspergillus terreus were isolated. P. fluorescens produces 2.8 u/mL of crude enzymes optimally at 50°C and pH 8 while A. terreus produces 3.4 u/mL optimally at 40°C, pH 6. Both isolates utilizes CarboxyMethylCellulose (CMC) and yeast extract as their best carbon and nitrogen sources. Highest percentage of peel hydrolysis was 67% for P. fluorescens at 0.01 M and 0.05 M for A. terreus (94%). Highest concentration of fermentable sugar was produced by A. terreus crude enzyme (331.79 mg/L glucose, 45.3 mg/L rhamnose and 46.52 mg/L xylose). P. fluorescens and A. terreus effectively supported the bioconversion of organosolv pretreated cassava peels to fermentable sugars.

关键词： Cassava Peels Lignocellulose Bioconversion Organosolv Pretreatment Fermentable sugars

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Accumulation of sugars and Liquid in Apoplast of Fruit Flesh Result in Pineapple Translucency

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第5期13卷 576-587页

作者： Haiyan Shu You Wang Keming Li Luqiong He Lifen Ding Rulin Zhan Shenghe Chang Haikou Experimental Station Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Haikou China College of Tropical Crops Yunnan Agricultural University Puer China

Translucency is a recurring problem for pineapple industry. Translucent fruit contained more sucrose, glucose and fructose in apoplast than those in apoplast of normal fruit. There were more liquid in intercellular space of translucent fruit than that of normal flesh. The contents of alcohol and ethylene in translucent fruit were higher than those in normal fruit. Translucent fruit contained less calcium than normal fruit. Electrolyte leakage of translucent flesh was more than that of normal flesh. There were 205 proteins of which the expressions in translucent flesh were higher than those in normal flesh. Calcium-ions-binding protein EF-hand domain-containing protein, ethylene-synthesizing enzyme 1-aminpcyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, ROS-producing protein universal stress protein A-like protein were the top three proteins of which the expressions in translucent flesh were higher than those in normal fruit. When much sugar was transferred into fruit pulp and accumulated in intercellular space, water will be absorbed from cells around and translucence formed. The accumulation of sugar and liquid in apoplast were due to that cell wall and membrane were degraded, which was from being attacked by ROS. There might be more and larger pores in cell wall and membranes of translucent flesh. These data played foundations for researching methods for controlling pineapple translucency.

关键词： Pineapple Translucency Accumulation sugars Apoplast

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Quantitative Trait Loci Underlying Seed sugars Content in “MD96-5722” by “Spencer” Recombinant Inbred Line Population of Soybean

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第11期6卷 964-973页

作者： Masum Akond Shiming Liu Stella K. Kantartzi Khalid Meksem Nacer Bellaloui David A. Lightfoot My Abdelmajid Kassem Plant Genomics and Biotechnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences Fayetteville State University Fayetteville NC USA Department of Plant Soil and Agricultural Systems Southern Illinois University Carbondale IL USA Crop Genetics Research Unit USDA-ARS Stoneville MS USA School of Arts and Sciences American University of Ras Al Khaimah Ras Al Khaimah United Arab Emirates

Sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose are important soluble sugars in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds. Seed sucrose is a desirable trait for taste and flavor. Raffinose and stachyose are undesirable in diets of monogastric animals, acting as anti-nutritional factors that cause flatulence and abdominal discomfort. Therefore, reducing raffinose and stachyose biosynthesis is considered as a key quality trait goal in soy food and feed industries. The objective of this study was to identify genomic regions containing quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose in a set of 92 F5:7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between the lines “MD96-5722” and “Spencer” by using 5376 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers from the Illumina Infinium SoySNP6K BeadChip array. Fourteen significant QTL were identified and mapped on eight different linkage groups (LGs) and chromosomes (Chr). Three QTL for seed sucrose content were identified on LGs N (Chr3), K (Chr9), and E (Chr15). Seven QTL were identified for raffinose content on LGs D1a (Chr1), N (Chr3), C2 (Chr6), K (Chr9), B2 (Chr14), and J (Chr16). Four QTL for stachyose content were identified on LG D1a (Chr1), C2 (Chr6), H (Chr12), and B2 (Chr14). Selection for beneficial alleles of these QTLs could facilitate breeding strategies to develop soybean lines with higher concentrations of sucrose and lower levels of raffinose and stachyose.

关键词： Soybean Seed Nutrition Sucrose Raffinose Stachyose sugars MD96-5722 Spencer QTL RIL

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Quantification and Comparison of sugars, Carboxylic Acids and Vitamin C Components of Various Citrus Species by HPLC Techniques

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 2011年第2期5卷 175-180页

作者： E. Kafkas S. Polatoz N. K. Koc Bioteehnology Research and Experimental Center University of Cukurova Balcali 01330 Adana Turkey Silifke Vocational School University of Mersin Mersin 33940 Turkey Subtropical Fruits Research and Experimental Center University of Cukurova Balcali 01330 Adana Turkey

Six orange varieties （Washington Navel, Navelina, Navelate, Lane Late, Cara Cara, Valencia）, four mandarin varieties （Okitsu Wase, Dobashi Beni, Ortanique, Satsuma Owari） and two grapefruit varieties （Star Ruby and Rio Red） were evaluated for their fruit quality characteristics such as fructose, glucose, sucrose, total sugars, malic acid, citric acid and Vitamin C contents. sugars, carboxylic acids, and vitamin C contents of citrus juices were identified and quantified by HPLC （High Performance Liquid Chromatography） technique. The predominating individual sugars were detected as sucrose in all mandarin and orange varieties except grapefruit varieties. Whereas fructose and glucose were found to be higher in grapefruit varieties, citric acid was considered as a major carboxylic acid in all citrus species and detected in oranges higher concentration than mandarin and grapefruit varieties. Furthermore, vitamin C content of grapefruit juices were detected higher concentration than the oranges （except cv. Valencia） and mandarins. Our results showed that itrus species differed in not only species but also varieties based on the sugar and acid characteristics.

关键词： Citrus varieties HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) vitamin C sugars quality.

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Chirality Transfer in Supramolecular Co-assembled Fibrous Material Enabling the Visual Recognition of Sucrose

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2020年第4期2卷 204-211页

作者： Nabila Mehwish Xiaoqiu Dou Changli Zhao Chuanliang Feng Qiang Fu State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiaotong UniversityDongchuan Rd 800Shanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

Molecular recognition of simple sugars is crucial due to their essential roles in most living ***,it remains extremely challenging to achieve a visual recognition of simple sugars like sucrose in water media under physiological *** this article,the visual recognition of sucrose is accomplished by a chiral supramolecular hydrogel formation through the co-assembly of a two-component fibrous solution(l-phenylalanine based gelator co-diaminopyridine,LDAP)and sucrose.H-bonding between the amino group of LDAP and the hydroxyl group of sucrose facilitates the gelation by loading sucrose into the LDAP *** formed hydrogel showed an amplified inversion of circular dichroism(CD)signals as compared to the corresponding LDAP *** addition,the effective chirality transfer was accompanied by a bathochromic shift in UV-Vis and FL spectra of the *** a simple and straightforward chiral co-assembled strategy to visually recognize sucrose will have the potential use of smart gelators in saccharides separation and proteomics to be further applied in medical diagnostics and cell imaging.

关键词： Supramolecular hydrogels Chirality inversion Molecular recognition sugars Sucrose Glucose

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