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steam reforming of acetic acid over Ni/biochar of low metal-loading:Involvement of biochar in tailoring reaction intermediates renders superior catalytic performance

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第4期68卷 241-252页

作者： Yunyu Guo Yiran Wang Shu Zhang Yi Wang Song Hu Jun Xiang Walid Nabgan Xun Hu School of Material Science and Engineering University of JinanJinan 250022China Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Departament d'Enginyeria Química Universitat Rovira i VirgiliTarragona 43007Spain

Biochar is a reactive carrier as it may be partially gasified with steam in steam reforming,which could influence the formation of reaction intermediates and modify catalytic ***,the Ni/biochar as well as two comparative catalysts,Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) and Ni/SiO_(2),with low nickel loading(2%(mass))was conducted to probe involvement of the varied carriers in the steam *** results indicated that the Ni/biochar performed excellent catalytic activity than Ni/SiO_(2) and Ni/Al_(2)O_(3),as the biochar carrier facilitated quick conversion of the -OH from dissociation of steam to gasify the oxygen-rich carbonaceous intermediates like C=O and C-O-C,resulting in low coverage while high exposure of nickel species for maintaining the superior catalytic *** converse,strong adsorption of aliphatic intermediates over Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) and Ni/SiO_(2) induced serious coking with polymeric coke as the main type(21.5%and 32.1%,respectively),which was significantly higher than that over Ni/biochar(3.9%).The coke over Ni/biochar was mainly aromatic or catalytic type with nanotube morphology and high *** high resistivity of Ni/biochar towards coking was due to the balance between formation of coke and gasification of coke and partially biochar with steam,which created developed mesopores in spent Ni/biochar while the coke blocked pores in Ni/Al_(2)O_(3) and Ni/SiO_(2) catalysts.

关键词： steam reforming Acetic acid Ni/biochar catalyst Property of coke Reaction intermediates

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steam reforming of ethanol over Ni/Ce_(0.7)Pr_(0.3)O_2 catalyst

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第7期30卷 670-675页

作者：王红张丽娟袁木朝子徐婷玉刘源 School of Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engi-neering Department of Catalysis Science and TechnologySchool of Chemical EngineeringTianjin University

NiO/Ce0.7Pr0.3O2 catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation method and used for steam reforming of ethanol to produce hydrogen. The influence of nickel content and the doping of Pr on the catalytic performance were investigated. The catalysts were characterized by using temperature programmed reduction （TPR）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and thermal analysis techniques. 15 wt.%NiO/Ce0.7Pr0.3O2 catalyst was highly active and selective for steam reforming of ethanol to produce hydrogen. With the doping of Pr, the anti-carbon deposition property of the catalyst and the anti-sintering stability of metal nickel were effectively improved. The improvement of the anti-carbon deposition is attributed to generation of oxygen vacancies resulted from the Pr doping; while the improvement of anti sintering is ascribed to the intensified interaction between the nickel species and the support which is owing to the Pr-doping resulted incorporation of some nickel ions into ceria lattice.

关键词： cerium praseodymium ethanol steam reforming nickel doping rare earths

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Study of cerium-promoted rhodium alumina catalyst as a steam reforming catalyst for treatment of spent solvents

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Journal of Rare Earths 2014年第9期32卷 831-836页

作者： Hee-Chul Yang Min-Woo Lee Ho-Sang Hwang Jei-Kwon Moon Dong-Yong Chung Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute

This study attempted to develop an appropriate catalyst used for the steam reforming of gasified spent solvents. Rh2O3/ CeOE-Al2O3 catalysts with various CeO2 loadings were prepared and heated at different temperatures of 500 and 800 ℃, and their surface properties were studied using X-ray diffraction （XRD）, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, temperature programmed reduction （TPR） and Bmmauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） analyses. Rhodium existed in the form of Rh2O3, regardless of the sample composition as well as the heating temperature. In the tested range of cerium addition （up to 12 times the rhodium mass）, no significant changes in BET surface areas and binding energy corresponding to Rh 3d5/2 were observed. Instead, the addition of cerium led to a greatly enhanced dispersion of rhodium nanoparticles, and no agglomeration of rhodium was observed for samples heated even at 800 ℃. Honeycomb monolith rhodium catalysts promoted with cerium were fabricated and tested for the steam reforming of a gasified spent solvent, mainly consisting of butylene （C4H8）. The test results suggested that a cerium-promoted rhodium catalyst could be used as an appropriate reforming catalyst for treating low-quality non-methane hydrocarbons without the formation of coke at high temperatures of up to 900 ℃.

关键词： cerium rhodium catalyst steam reforming spent resin rare earths

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Hydrogen production through glycerol steam reforming using Co catalysts supported on SBA-15 doped with Zr,Ce and La

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第1期26卷 42-48页

作者： Alicia Carrero Arturo J.Vizcaíno JoséA.Calles Lourdes García-Moreno Department of Chemical and Energy Technology ESCETRey Juan Carlos University28933 MóstolesSpain

The steam reforming of glycerol has been studied at 500 and 600 oC using Co/SBA-15 and Co/M/SBA-15（M: Zr, Ce, or La） promoted catalysts. The prepared materials were characterized by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy（ICP-AES）, X-ray powder diffraction（XRD）, hydrogen temperatureprogramed reduction（H;-TPR）, ammonia temperature-programed desorption（NH;-TPD）, nitrogen physisorption analysis（N;-BET）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and thermogravimetric analysis（TGA）. The incorporation of promoters like Zr, Ce and La on SBA-15 support and successive Co impregnation leaded to smaller cobalt crystallites improving metaldispersion. Besides, stronger metal-support interactions between Co species and M/SBA-15 supports were observed. Thanks to the incorporation of Zr, La and mainly Ce, promoted catalysts present higher glycerol conversion than Co/SBA-15 along 5 h of time on stream. Besides, at 600 oC, Co/M/SBA-15（M: Zr, Ce, or La） catalysts produce higher hydrogen amounts than Co/SBA-15.

关键词： Cobalt SBA-15 Cerium Zirconium Lanthanum steam reforming Hydrogen

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High H_(2) selective performance of Ni-Fe-Ca/H-Al catalysts for steam reforming of biomass and plastic

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第5期80卷 215-227,I0006页

作者： Jin Deng Lingshuai Meng Duo Ma Yujie Zhou Xianyang Wang Xiaodong Luo Shenfu Yuan School of Chemical Science and Engineering Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutral and Green Low-Carbon TechnologyKey Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural ResourceMinistry of EducationNational Center for Experimental Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Education DemonstrationYunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction LaboratorySchool of PharmacyYunnan University650091 KunmingYunnanChina

The development of a selective catalyst for the conversion of biomass and plastics into H2by steam reforming can combat the energy crisis and global *** this work,support Ni-Fe-Ca/H-Al bifunctional catalysts were prepared by loading Ni and Fe into pretreatment CaO/Al_(2)O_(3)(Ca/H-Al)carriers and showed high catalytic activity for the steam reforming of biomass and ***,the idea of bidirectional degradation was exploited to strengthen the pyrolysis of plastic with a high H/C and biomass with a high O/***,the products presented high H2selective(1302.10 m L/g)and low CO_(2)yield(120.23 m L/g)in 7Ni-5Fe-Ca/H-Al(2:4)catalyst compared with current ***,the abundant oxygen vacancies(Ov)in the H-Al carrier exhibited an electron-deficient nature,providing active sites for anchoring Ni ***,Ni O interacted with Ca_(2)Fe_(2)O_(5)to produce more defective Ovsites,which stabilized the NiO particles in the 7Ni-5Fe-Ca/H-Al(2:4)catalyst,and the interaction between the catalyst and the carrier was enhanced,leading to the reduction of weakly basic sites,this property promoted the strong adsorption of CO_(2)and H2O by the catalyst,contributing to the enhancement of efficient steam conversion and the promotion of conversion of by-products to ***,7Ni-5Fe-Ca/H-Al(2:4)catalysts maintained structural integrity after regeneration and exhibited excellent regenerability in H2selection and CO_(2)*** work provides a new idea for the study of efficient H2production from steam reforming of biomass and plastics.

关键词： Biomass and plastic Pyrolysis steam reforming Ni-Fe-Ca/H-Al catalyst H_(2)selective

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Effect of Ni Loading and Ce_(x)Zr_(1-x)O_(2) Promoter on Ni-Based SBA-15 Catalysts for steam reforming of Methane

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2007年第2期16卷 139-147页

作者： Huijun Wan Xiujin Li Shengfu Ji Bingyao Huang Kai Wang Chengyue Li State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China Department of Environmental Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

A series of Ni/SBA-15 catalysts with Ni contents ranging from 5wt% to 20wt% as well as 10wt%Ni/10wt%CexZr1-xO2/SBA-15 （x=0, 0.5, 1） were prepared. The structures of the catalysts were characterized using XRD, TPR, TEM and BET techniques. The catalytic activities of the catalysts for steam reforming of methane were evaluated in a continuous flow microreactor. The results indicated that both the Ni/SBA-15 and the Ni/CexZr1-xO2/SBA-15 catalysts had good catalytic activities at at- mospheric pressure. The 10wt%Ni/SBA-15 catalyst exhibited excellent stability at 800 ℃ for time on stream of 740 h. After the reaction, carbon deposits were not formed on the surface of the catalyst. There existed a regular hexagonal mesoporous structure in the Ni/SBA-15 and the Ni/CexZr1-xO2/SBA-15 catalysts. The nickel species and the CexZr1-xO2 component were all confined in the SBA-15 mesopores. The CexZr1-xO2 could promote dispersion of the nickel species in the Ni/CexZr1-xO2/SBA-15 catalysts.

关键词： Ni-based catalyst SBA-15 methane steam reforming syngas

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Catalytic steam reforming of tar for enhancing hydrogen production from biomass gasification:a review

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第3期14卷 545-569页

作者： Ru Shien TAN Tuan Amran TUAN ABDULLAH Anwar JOHARI Khairuddin MD ISA Centre of Hydrogen Energy Institute of Future EnergySchool of Chemical and Energy EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 SkudaiJohorMalaysia School of Environmental Engineering Universiti Malaysia PerlisKompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 302600 ArauPerlisMalaysia

Presently,the global search for alternative renewable energy sources is rising due to the depletion of fossil fuel and rising greenhouse gas(GHG)*** alternatives,hydrogen(H2)produced from biomass gasification is considered a green energy sector,due to its environmentally friendly,sustainable,and renewable ***,tar formation along with syngas is a severe impediment to biomass conversion efficiency,which results in process-related ***,tar consists of various hydrocarbons(HCs),which are also sources for ***,catalytic steam reforming is an effective technique to address tar formation and improve H2 production from biomass *** the various classes in existence,supported metal catalysts are considered the most *** paper focuses on the current researching status,prospects,and challenges of steam reforming of gasified biomass ***,it includes recent developments in tar compositional analysis,supported metal catalysts,along with the reactions and process conditions for catalytic steam ***,it discusses alternatives such as dry and autothermal reforming of tar.

关键词： hydrogen biomass gasification tar steam reforming catalyst

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Co/CeO_2 for ethanol steam reforming:effect of ceria morphology

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Journal of Rare Earths 2013年第6期31卷 565-571页

作者：王红张丽娟李淼刘源白雪 School of Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University of Technology Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Engineering Department of Catalysis Science and TechnologySchool of Chemical EngineeringTianjin University

Nanorods （NR） and nanoparticles （NP） of ceria were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method and used as catalyst support to load cobalt for steam reforming of ethanol （SRE）. The catalysts were characterized by using temperature programmed reduction, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and thermal analysis techniques. CeO2 NP had relatively smaller particle size and larger surface area, and CeO2 NR could form more oxygen vacancies. For SRE reaction, Co/CeO2 NP was more active and exhibited a little better anti-sintering ability, while Co/CeO2 NR showed obviously better anti-carbon deposition ability. The larger surface area and higher dispersion of cobalt oxide resulted in the higher activity for Co/CeO2 NP catalyst. Meanwhile, the stronger interaction between cobalt species and ceria was attributed to the better anti-sintering ability for Co/CeO2 NP. The improvement of the anti-carbon deposition for Co/CeO2 NR was owing to the generation of oxygen vacancies from the ceria nanorods.

关键词： morphology ceria cobalt ethanol steam reforming rare earths

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Effect of calcination temperature on steam reforming activity of Ni-based pyrochlore catalysts

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第7期38卷 711-718,I0002页

作者： Daniel J.Haynes Dushyant Shekhawat David Berry Amitava Roy James J.Spivey National Energy Technology Laboratory U.S.Department of Energy3610 Collins Ferry RdMorgantownWV26507 USA Louisiana State University Cain Department of Chemical Engineering3307 Patrick Taylor HallBaton RougeLA70803USA

This work served as the second part of a study evaluating the effect of calcination temperature(700-1000℃) on Ni-based lanthanum zirconate pyrochlore catalysts for methane steam reforming.A previous study(Haynes et ***.2017(43) 16744) provided a thorough characterization of the material properties for the catalysts used here,and this study focuses on the evaluation of catalytic *** activity was assessed by two different experimental studies:the effect of reaction temperature using a temperature programmed surface reaction(TPSR),and the effect of reaction *** results demonstrate a complex interaction between the Ni particles and surface LaOx species under the methane steam reforming ***,the material calcined at the lowest temperature(700℃) possesses the highest activity and selectivity,which is attributed to smaller and more welldispersed Ni particles on the surface,and,more importantly,a lesser degree La enrichment at the *** catalysts were deactivated by steam to NiO under all conditions tested,but at certain low reaction pressure(p=0.23 MPa) conditions the materials calcined at 700-900℃ are able to completely recover equilibrium activity in-situ that is then robust and stable under both low and high reaction pressures(p=1.8 MPa) suggesting the formation of a synergistic relationship between Ni and La for syngas ***,exposure of a fresh material to high reaction pressures leads to a rapid and irreversible loss in both CH4 conversion and syngas selectivity whether in the fresh(no pretreatment),or pretreated(steam,H2 or Ar only at 800℃) form for any *** mechanism for deactivation appears to be due to the presence of LaOx species that become mobile,possibly by the formation of La-OH,and covers the active Ni particles and inhibits sites responsible for the CH4 decomposition.

关键词： Nickel Pyrochlore Methane steam reforming Catalyst Lanthanum enrichment

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Highly dispersible cerium-oxide modified Ni/SBA-15 for steam reforming of bio-mass based JP10

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第3期35卷 255-265页

作者： Haocui Zhang Zhourong Xiao Mei Yang Jijun Zou Guozhu Liu Xiangwen Zhang Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Microchemical Engineering and Technology Group Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023China

Ni/SBA-15 modified by highly dispersed cerium-oxide was prepared with the aid of sucrose for steam reforming of JP10(C_(10)H(16)).Their characterization showed that addition of appropriate amount ceria led to the formation of highly dispersed CeO_(2)and Ni,and the CeO_(2)covered smaller nickel particles like strawberry seeds to form much more interface between *** catalytic activity exhibited higher stability over time on stream of 6.5 h with conversion higher than 95%and higher carbon resistance(mass loss less than 4.5%by TG),which may derive from good properties below:(1)much more interface enhanced cooperation effect and increased turnover frequency at the interface;(2)the stronger interaction between Ni and ceria to suppress sintering by formation of Ni-O-Ce solid solution;(3)the large amount of oxygen vacancies from the formation of Ni-O-Ce solid solution and highly dispersed CeO_(2)to facilitate the water-gas-shift reaction and carbon removal.

关键词： JP-10 steam reforming Ceria Nickel Ni-CeO_(2)cooperation

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