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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第8期3卷 1047-1057页

作者： Ekamber Kariali Sunita Sarangi Rashmi Panigrahi Binay B. Panda Pravat K. Mohapatra School of Life Sciences Sambalpur University Sambalpur India.

In rice, the initiation of tillers is staggered and temporally spaced, but maturity is synchronous. Duration of growth in a later-initiated tiller on a higher culm node is shorter and it contributes less biomass and grain yield. The present investigation attempts to discover the manner in which ordered pattern of senescence in basipetal succession impacts source capacity of tillers in two contrasting rice cultivars, namely Lalat (high tillering) and MGD-106 (medium tillering) during the dry season of 2009 and ascertain how tiller production capacity influences dry matter partitioning and tiller dynamics of the plant. In both the rice cultivars, the progress of senescence among different types of tillers was indicated by gradual decline of photosynthetic pigments, total nitrogen and protein concentrations and increase of lipid peroxidation and peroxidase activity of the flag leaf, which affected photosynthetic efficiency. The effects were more pernicious on the newer tillers compared to older tillers. It was observed that metabolic dominance of the older tillers over newer tillers could be accrued due to higher photosynthetic source capacity of the former than that of the latter. It was concluded that flag leaf of a later-initiated tiller is less tolerant to senescence induced photo-oxidative stress, which decreases both source and sink activities. Increase of tiller number and order in rice increases vulnerability of the later-initiated tillers for oxidative stress and grain filling.

关键词： Rice Tiller senescence Photosynthetic Efficiency

A NEW ANIMAL MODEL OF ERYTHROCYTE senescence: THE ALTERRATION OF SURFACE CHARGE AND THE RHEOLOGGICAL PROPERTIES OF ERRYTHROCYTE DRUING ITS LIFE SPAN

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition) 1998年第2期7卷 75-86页

作者： Wen Zongyao Song Lichua Lu Zhihong Sun Dagong(Department of Medical Physics, Beijing Medical University, Beijing 100083,China) Yan Zongyi(Department of Mechanics and Engineering SciencePeking University,Beijing 100871,China) Don Huanfu(Department of H

Based on Mohandas＇ work, a new animal model of red blood cell(RBC) synchronous senescence in a near normal physiological conditions was proposed. Using this model,we studied the changes of RBC surface charge with the aging process. The results showed that its surface charge decreased with RBC agingprocess. Nevertheless,the regulation of the changes was not linear during RBC aging. The indexes of (DI)d and (DI)or describing RBC rheological behaviours duringits aging process were measured with a new Ektacytometry. It is demonstrated thatboth the indexes decreased with RBC aging,but the relationship was not linear. Thecharacteristics of the indexes displayed a common regularity of smaller alterationsin the first half period of RBC life span and greater alterations in the latter periodof RBC life span. It was also shown that the regulation of the changes for each individual index were not alike. The alterations of RBC mechanical properties duringlife span maight result from the influence of RBC shape, the properties of cytoplasm and membrane viscoelasity and the other factors during RBC aging.

关键词： erythrocyte senescence surface charge rheological properties

Diagnosis of Premature senescence of Cotton Using SPAD Value

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第11期5卷 992-999页

作者： Pengcheng Li Helin Dong Aizhong Liu Jingran Liu Miao Sun Guoping Wang Siping Zhang Yabing Li Shuchun Mao Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Anyang China

Field experiments were conducted in 2011 on an experimental farm at the Cotton Research Insti-tute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China. We conducted experiments with a “SPAD-502” meter to quickly measure the relative value of chlorophyll content in the leaf blades of field cotton. Our goal was to seek a suitable leaf on a cotton plant to diagnose senescence status of crop plants at later stages of growth. We began by studying the dynamic change rule of the dis-tal-most four leaves of the cotton plant during the entire growth period with two early-maturing cultivars (CCRI 36, CCRI 50) and two mid-maturing cultivars (CCRI 41, SCRC 28). We also examined the effect of different nitrogen and potassium fertilizer rates on SPAD values of the leaves of SCRC 28. Our results suggest that SPAD values of the 1st distal stem leaves from two early cultivars can act as good indicators of senescence status in the plants, if they are measured between 10 d before the boll-opening stage and 10 d after boll opening stage. Differences of SPAD values of the 3rd distal stem leaves of two mid-maturing cultivars measured between about 15 d before the boll opening stage and 15 d after the boll opening stage can also be used to measure senescence status in these cotton cultivars. The conclusion can be used for cotton producer to manage N fertilizer better at later growth stage.

关键词： Diagnosis Premature senescence Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) SPAD Values

Anti-Aging Genes Improve Appetite Regulation and Reverse Cell senescence and Apoptosis in Global Populations

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Advances in Aging Research 2016年第1期5卷 9-26页

作者： Ian James Martins Centre of Excellence in Alzheimer’s Disease Research and Care School of Medical Sciences Edith Cowan University Joondalup Australia School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences The University of Western Australia Nedlands Australia McCusker Alzheimer’s Research Foundation Holywood Medical Centre Nedlands Australia

Appetite regulation by nutritional intervention is required early in life that involves the anti-aging gene Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) with Sirt 1 maintenance of other cellular anti-aging genes involved in cell circadian rhythm, senescence and apoptosis. Interests in anti-aging therapy with appetite regulation improve an individual’s survival to metabolic disease induced by gene-environment interactions by maintenance of the anti-aging genes connected to the metabolism of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, drugs and xenobiotics. Interventions to the aging process involve early calorie restriction with appetite regulation connected to appropriate genetic mechanisms that involve mitochondrial biogenesis and DNA repair in neurons. In the aging process as the anti-aging genes are suppressed as a result of transcriptional dysregulation chronic disease accelerations and connected to insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Interests in the gene-environment interaction indicate that the anti-aging gene Sirt 1that regulates food intake has been repressed early in the aging process in various global populations. The connections between Sirt 1 and other anti-aging genes such as Klotho, p66Shc (longevity protein) and Forkhead box proteins (FOXO1/ FOXO3a) have been associated with programmed cell death and alterations in these anti-aging genesregulate glucose, lipid and amyloid beta metabolism that are important to various chronic diseases.

关键词： Anti-Aging Genes Appetite Environment Nutrition senescence

Physiological Basis of Photosynthetic Function and senescence of Rice Leaves as Regulated by Controlled-Release Nitrogen Fertilizer

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Rice science 2005年第4期12卷 275-282页

作者： NIE Jun ZHENG Sheng-xian DAI Ping-an XIAO Jian YI Guo-ying Soil and Fertilizer Institute of Hunan Changsha 410125 China

The physiological mechanism of photosynthetic function and senescence of rice leaves was studied by using early rice variety Baliangyou 100 and late rice variety Weiyou 46, treated with controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer （CRNF）, urea and no nitrogen fertilizer. CRNF showed obvious effects on delaying the senescence and prolonging photosynthetic function duration of rice leaves. Compared with urea, CRNF could significantly increase the chlorophyll content of functional leaves in both early and late rice varieties, and this difference between the treatments became larger as rice growth progressed; CRNF increased the activities of active oxygen scavenging enzymes super oxide dismutase （SOD） and peroxidase （POD）, and decreased the accumulation amount of malondialdehyde （MDA） in functional leaves during leaf aging; Photosynthetic rate of functional leaves in CRNF treatment was significantly higher than that in urea treatment. The result also indicated that CRNF could effectively regulate the contents of indole-3-acetic acid （IAA） and abscisic acid （ABA） in functional leaves; IAA content was higher and ABA content was lower in CRNF treatment than those in urea treatment. Therefore, application of CRNF could increase the rice yield significantly due to these physiological changes in the functional leaves.

关键词： controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer rice photosynthetic function senescence physiological mechanism

The effects of <i>astragalus</i>polysaccharide on zebrafish cell apoptosis and senescence

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2012年第2期2卷 103-109页

作者： Guangqing Xia Xiaojuan Han Jie Qi Wei Liu Jinzhi Song Jiamei Qin Lihua Liu Department of Biology Tonghua Normal University Tonghua City China Department of Life Science North-East Normal University Changchun City China Department of Marine and Science Life Ocean Uinversity of China Qingdao City China

Astragalus polysaccharide (AP) is the extraction of astragalus, which is a plant used in traditional Chinese herb medicine and may increase an orgainism’s resistance to stress. Several earlier studies in vitro have indicated that AP has anti-aging activities, however the mechanism underlyling these activities was unclear and remained to be elucidated. In this study, Using the zebrafish (Danio rerio), we evaluated molecular mechanism of the effect of AP on zebrafish growth, development and apoptosis. 30 zebrafish embryos (24 hours post fertilization (hpf)) were exposed to varying concentrations of AP (from 0.125 mg/ml to 0. 5 mg/ml) continuously for 3 days. The results of β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and acridine orange fluorescence showed that AP can delay zebrafish embryos apoptosis under the concentration of 0.125 mg/ml. In addition, the differential gene expression of AP treated zebrafish embryos was examined by RT-PCR analysis. We found that the gene expression of mdm2 and tert were up-regulated while bax, p21 and p53 gene expression were down-regulated during early apoptosis of the zebrafish embryos mediated by AP. These results demonstrated that AP may play a role during the induction of senescence and this function might by p53-mediated pathway.

关键词： Astragalus Polysaccharide Zebrafish Cell Proliferation senescence

CCCH protein-PvCCCH69 acted as a repressor for leaf senescence through suppressing ABA-signaling pathway

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 2275-2288页

作者： Zheni Xie Guohui Yu Shanshan Lei Chenchen Zhang Bin Xu Bingru Huang College of Agro-grassland Science Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers the State University of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

CCCH is a subfamily of zinc finger proteins involved in plant growth,development,and stresses *** function of CCCH in regulating leaf senescence,especially its roles in abscisic acid(ABA)-mediated leaf senescence is largely *** objective of this study was to determine functions and mechanisms of CCCH gene in regulating leaf senescence in switchgrass(Panicum virgatum).A CCCH gene,PvCCCH69(PvC3H69),was cloned from *** PvC3H69 in rice suppressed both natural senescence with leaf aging and dark-induced leaf *** ABA content,ABA biosynthesis genes(NCED3,NCED5,and AAO3),and ABA signaling-related genes(SnRKs,ABI5,and ABF2/3/4)exhibited significantly lower levels in senescencing leaves of PvC3H69-OE plants than those in WT ***3H69-suppression of leaf senescence was associated with transcriptional upregulation of genes mainly involved in the light-dependent process of photosynthesis,including light-harvesting complex proteins,PSI proteins,and PSII proteins and downregulation of ABA biosynthesis and signaling genes and senescence-associated ***3H69 could act as a repressor for leaf senescence via upregulating photosynthetic proteins and repressing ABA synthesis and ABA signaling pathways.

关键词： harvesting CCCH senescence

Association of BrERF72 with methyl jasmonate-induced leaf senescence of Chinese flowering cabbage through activating JA biosynthesis-related genes

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Horticulture Research 2018年第1期5卷 641-651页

作者： Xiao-li Tan Zhong-qi Fan Wei Shan Xue-ren Yin Jian-fei Kuang Wang-jin Lu Jian-ye Chen State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables/Guangdong Vegetables Engineering Research Center College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural University510642GuangzhouChina The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth Development and Quality ImprovementCollege of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityZijingang Campus310058HangzhouChina

The ethylene response factor(ERF)and phytohormone jasmonate(JA)are reported to function in leaf *** involvement of ERF in JA-mediated leaf senescence,however,needs to be *** the present work,we demonstrate a Chinese flowering cabbage ERF transcription factor(TF),BrERF72,that is associated with JA-promoted leaf *** application of methyl jasmonate(MeJA)-accelerated leaf senescence of Chinese flowering cabbage,evidenced by the data that MeJA treatment led to the stronger reduction in the maximum quantum yield(Fv/Fm),photosynthetic electron transport rate(ETR),and total chlorophyll content,while significant induction in the expression of several senescence-associated genes(SAGs)including BrSAG12,BrSAG19,and chlorophyll catabolic genes(CCGs)BrPAO1,BrNYC1,BrPPH1,and *** in levels of endogenous JA and transcripts of JA biosynthetic genes BrLOX4,BrAOC3,and BrOPR3 were also found after MeJA ***72 was a MeJA-inducible,nucleus-localized protein,and possessed trans-activation *** overexpression of BrERF72 in tobacco leaves also promoted leaf *** importantly,further experiments revealed that BrERF72 directly activated expression of BrLOX4,BrAOC3,and BrOPR3 through binding to their promoters via the GCC or DRE/CRT ***,the novel JA-ERF association reported in our study uncovers a new insight into the transcriptional regulation of JA production mediated by ERF during JA-promoted leaf senescence in Chinese flowering cabbage.

关键词： ERF senescence Together

PbEIL1 acts upstream of PbCysp1 to regulate ovule senescence in seedless pear

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 818-829页

作者： Huibin Wang Haiqi Zhang Fangfang Liang Liu Cong Linyan Song Xieyu Li Rui Zhai Chengquan Yang Zhigang Wang Fengwang Ma Lingfei Xu College of Horticulture Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi ProvinceChina

Numerous environmental and endogenous signals control the highly orchestrated and intricate process of plant ***,a well-known inducer of senescence,has long been considered a key endogenous regulator of leaf and flower senescence,but the molecular mechanism of ethylene-induced ovule senescence has not yet been *** this study,we found that blockage of fertilization caused ovule abortion in the pear cultivar‘1913’.According to transcriptome and phytohormone content data,ethylene biosynthesis was activated by *** the same time,ethylene overaccumulated in ovules,where cells were sensitive to ethylene signals in the absence of *** identified a transcription factor in the ethylene signal response,ethylene-insensitive 3-like(EIL1),as a likely participant in ovule *** of PbEIL1 in tomato caused precocious onset of ovule *** further found that EIL1 could directly bind to the promoter of the senescence-ASSOCIATED CYSTEINE PROTEINASE 1(PbCysp1)gene and act upstream of *** one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays revealed the interaction of the transcription factor and the promoter DNA sequence and demonstrated that PbEIL1 enhanced the action of ***,our results provide new insights into how ethylene promotes the progression of unfertilized ovule senescence.

关键词： endogenous senescence upstream

RhMYB108,an R2R3-MYB transcription factor,is involved in ethylene-and JA-induced petal senescence in rose plants

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 70-81页

作者： Shuai Zhang Qingcui Zhao Daxing Zeng Jiehua Xu Hougao Zhou Fenglan Wang Nan Ma Yonghong Li School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology Postdoctoral Innovation Practice BaseShenzhen PolytechnicShenzhenGuangdong 518055China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fermentation Purification and AnalysisShenzhen PolytechnicShenzhen 518055 GuangdongChina College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China China Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops Department of Ornamental HorticultureChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

Rose(Rosa hybrida)plants are major ornamental species worldwide,and their commercial value greatly depends on their open flowers,as both the quality of fully open petals and long vase life are *** senescence can be started and accelerated by various hormone signals,and ethylene is considered an accelerator of petal senescence in *** date,however,the underlying mechanism of signaling crosstalk between ethylene and other hormones such as JA in petal senescence remains largely ***,we isolated RhMYB108,an R2R3-MYB transcription factor,which is highly expressed in senescing petals as well as in petals treated with exogenous ethylene and *** of exogenous ethylene and JA markedly accelerated petal senescence,while the process was delayed in response to applications of 1-MCP,an ethylene action *** addition,silencing of RhMYB108 alter the expression of SAGs such as RhNAC029,RhNAC053,RhNAC092,RhSAG12,and RhSAG113,and finally block ethylene-and JA-induced petal ***,RhMYB108 was identified to target the promoters of RhNAC053,RhNAC092,and *** results reveal a model in which RhMYB108 functions as a receptor of ethylene and JA signals to modulate the onset of petal senescence by targeting and enhancing senescence-associated gene expression.

关键词： expression flowers senescence