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Relative peripheral refraction in school children with different refractive errors using a novel multispectral refraction topographer

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第8期17卷 1477-1482页

作者： Hui-Ling Hu Serena Zhe-Chuang Li Ai-Ying Feng Hao-Xi Zhong Jing-Feng Mu Mei-Zhou Liu Shenzhen Eye Hospital Jinan UniversityShenzhen Eye InstituteShenzhen 518040Guangdong ProvinceChina NIMO Ophthalmology Research Institute Beijing 100176China

AIM:To compare relative peripheral refraction(RPR)in Chinese school children with different refractive errors using multispectral refraction topography(MRT).METHODS:A total of 713 eyes of primary school children[172 emmetropia(E),429 low myopia(LM),80 moderate myopia(MM),and 32 low hypermetropia(LH)]aged 10 to 13y were *** were measured using MRT without *** results showed RPR at 0-15°(RPR 0-15),15°-30°(RPR 15-30),and 30°-45°(RPR 30-45)annular in the inferior(RPR-I),superior(RPR-S),nasal(RPR-N),and temporal(RPR-T)*** equivalent(SE)was detected and calculated using an ***:There were significant differences of RPR 15-30 between groups MM[0.02(-0.12;0.18)]and LH[-0.13(-0.36;0.12)](P<0.05),MM and E[-0.06(-0.20;0.10)](P<0.05),and LM[-0.02(-0.15;0.15)]and E(P<0.05).There were also significant differences of RPR 30-45 between groups MM[0.45(0.18;0.74)]and E[0.29(-0.09;0.67)](P<0.05),and LM[0.44(0.14;0.76)]and E(P<0.001).RPR values increased from the hyperopic to medium myopic group in each *** were significant differences of RPR-S between groups MM[-0.02(-0.60;0.30)]and E[-0.44(-0.89;-0.04)](P<0.001),and LM[-0.28(-0.71;0.12)]and E(P<0.05).There were also significant differences of RPR-T between groups MM[0.37(0.21;0.78)]and LH[0.14(-0.52;0.50)](P<0.05),LM[0.41(0.06;0.84)]and LH(P<0.05),and LM and E[0.29(-0.10;0.68),P<0.05].A Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between RPR and SE in the 15°-30°(P=0.005),30°-45°(P<0.05)annular(P=0.002),superior(P<0.001),and temporal(P=0.001)***:Without pupil dilation,values for RPR 15-30,30-45,RPR-S,and T shows significant differences between myopic eyes and emmetropia,and the differences are negatively correlated with SE.

关键词： relative peripheral refraction myopia school children multispectral refraction topography

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Upper arm composition and nutritional status of school children and adolescents in Abeokuta,Southwest Nigeria

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第4期10卷 336-342页

作者： Idowu Odunayo Senbanjo Kazeem Adeola Oshikoya Olisamedua Fidelis Njokanma Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Lagos State University College of MedicinePMB 21266IkejaLagos State 100001Nigeria Pharmacology Department Lagos State University College of MedicinePMB 21266IkejaLagosNigeria Academic Division of Child Health Medical SchoolUniversity of NottinghamDerbyshire Children's HospitalUttoxeter RoadDerby DE223DTUK

Background:Upper arm composition is a reflection of body protein and calorie ***,there is a paucity of data on upper arm composition of children from African countries,including *** study aimed to determine the composition of upper arm and nutritional status of school children in Abeokuta,Nigeria and to compare with international reference *** sensitivity and specifi city of upper arm muscle area by height(UAMAH)as a nutritional assessment tool was also ***:Five hundred and seventy children aged 5 to 19 years were selected from seven schools using multistage random ***,height,mid-upper arm circumference(MUAC)and triceps skin fold thickness(TSF)were *** mass index,upper arm muscle area(UAMA),upper arm fat area(UAFA),fat percentage and UAMAH were ***:The TSF,UAFA and fat percentage were significantly higher in females than males at each age *** and UAMA were significantly higher in female children aged 10-14 years,whereas UAMA was significantly higher in male children aged 15-19 *** and UAFA of the children were lower than those of Americans but similar to those of Zimbabweans,and higher than those of *** sensitivity and specifi city of UAMAH for detecting wasting were 80.8%and 63.9%,respectively,whereas the corresponding values for stunting were 32.2%and 58.2%,***:The school children studied have a combination of poor calorie and protein *** may be a valuable tool for complete evaluation of the nutritional status of school children.

关键词： nutritional status school children upper arm fat upper arm muscle

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Prevalence and risks of soil transmitted helminths among Ethiopian school children:A cross-sectional study

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第3期15卷 121-127页

作者： Abebe Fenta Bewket Mesganaw Feven Belachew Getachew Teshale Gashaw Abebaw Elias Tesfa Getaye Alemayehu Department of Medical Laboratory Science Health Science CollegeDebre Markos UniversityDebre MarkosEthiopia

Objective:To assess the prevalence and associated factors of soil transmitted helminths(STHs)among Endemata primary school in North West Ethiopia,***:A cross-sectional study with 195 school children was conducted from May to July 2021 at Endemata primary *** study participants were selected by using systematic random sampling *** samples were processed via direct wet mount and formol-ether concentration *** was entered by Epi-Dara version 3.1 and data analysis was done using SPSS version *** were considered to be statistically significant if Pschool children who did not wear shoes were more likely to be infected by STH parasite than those who did it(adjusted OR 6.3,95%CI 1.9-20.7).The odds of being infected by STH parasites in children who did not trim their fingernails were 4.9 as compared to those who did it(adjusted OR 4.9,95%CI 1.5-15.7).Conclusions:The prevalence of STHs among Endemata primary school children was *** grade level,latrine availability,shoes wear and nail status were significantly associated with STHs ***,we recommend policy makers and stakeholders to follow the integration of deworming with water,hygiene and sanitation as well as the consistent health education of school children to control and prevent STH infections.

关键词： Soil transmitted helminths Prevalence Associated factors school children Ethiopia

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Impact of single annual treatment and four-monthly treatment for hookworm and Ascaris lumbricoides,and factors associated with residual infection among Kenyan school children

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 249-260页

作者： Stella Kepha Charles S.Mwandawiro Roy M.Anderson Rachel L.Pullan Fred Nuwaha Jorge Cano Sammy M.Njenga Maurice R.Odiere Elizabeth Allen Simon J.Brooker Birgit Nikolay school of Public Health Makerere University College of Health SciencesKampalaUganda Eastern and Southern Africa Centre of International Parasite Control Kenya Medical Research Institute(KEMRI)NairobiKenya London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonLondonUK London school of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine LondonUK Centre for Global Health Research KEMRIKisumuKenya KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme NairobiKenya

Background:school-based deworming is widely implemented in various countries to reduce the burden of soil-transmitted helminths(STHs),however,the frequency of drug administration varies in different *** this study,we compared the impact of a single annual treatment and 4-monthly treatment over a follow-up among Kenyan school children,and investigated the factors associated with residual ***:We performed a secondary analysis of data from a randomized trial investigating whether deworming for STHs alters risk of acquiring *** received either a single treatment or 4-monthly albendazole treatments were followed longitudinally from February 2014 to October *** relative impact of treatment and factors associated with residual infections were investigated using mixed-effects regression *** to infection was assessed based on Spearman’s rank and Kendall’s Tau correlation ***:In the 4-monthly treatment group,the proportion of children infected with hookworm decreased from 59.9 to 5.7%,while Ascaris lumbricoides infections dropped from 55.7 to 6.2%.In the single treatment group,hookworm infections decreased over the same time period from 58.7 to 18.3%(12.6%absolute difference in reduction,95%CI:8.9-16.3%),and *** from 56.7 to 23.3%(17.1%absolute difference in reduction,95%CI:13.1-21.1%).There was strong evidence for predisposition to both STH *** hookworm infection among children on 4-monthly treatment were associated with male sex and baseline nutritional status,whereas *** infection was associated with individual and school-level infection at baseline,latrine cleanliness at ***:This study found that 4-monthly treatment w more effective than single annual *** treatments led to dramatic reductions in the intensities of STHs,but did not completely clear infections among school children in Kenya,a presumed reflection of reinfection in a setti

关键词： school-based deworming Soil-transmitted helminths Albendazole school children Kenya

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Impact of nutritional education on knowledge,attitude and practice regarding anemia among school children in Belgaum,India

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Global Health Journal 2022年第2期6卷 91-94页

作者： Adhikari Poudel Sasmita Angolkar Mubashir Naik Vijaya Institute of Disaster Risk Reduction LalitpurNepal Department of Public Health Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College KLE UniversityBelgaumIndia

Background:Anemia is a common public health problem throughout the globe with its main effect not only on health of people but also impact on socioeconomic development.A high prevalence of anemia among school children is an indication of a severe problem highlighting the necessity of proper action to prevent further *** study sought to study the impact of nutritional education on knowledge,attitude,and practice regarding anemia among school ***:This is an interventional study among school children of Kendriye Vidyalaya,No.2 Belgaum district,*** and self-administered questionnaires were used to know the knowledge,attitude and practice of student *** data were analyzed using paired t-test and McNemar ***:There was significant increment in the mean knowledge and attitude scores of the school children at the post-test *** increase of 51.2%in mean score of knowledge and overall increase of 20.7%in mean score of attitudes was found(P<0.05).Increase in frequency of consumption pattern of iron rich foods especially ragi,jaggery,green leafy vegetables and sprouted grains was ***:The nutritional education resulted in improvement of knowledge and change in attitude regarding anemia as well as increase in consumption of foods rich in ***,nutritional education is one of the cost-effective and sustainable method for lowering the cases of anemia.

关键词： Anemia Nutritional education school children Intervention study

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Low Blood Lead Concentrations and Cognitive Development of Primary school children from Three Areas in Malaysia

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第4期5卷 493-499页

作者： H. Zailina R. Junidah M.E. Saliza B.S. Shamsul H.H. Jamal Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University Putra Malaysia Selangor 43400 Malaysia International Institute for Global Health United Nations University UKM Medical Centre Jalan Yaacob Latiff Kuala Lumpur56000 Malaysia Department of Community Health Faculty of Medicine Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latiff Kuala Lumpur56000 Malaysia

A study on to identify the relationship between blood lead and cognitive development was conducted on primary school children in Malaysia. About 413 children aged 62^/1 - 82^/1 years from urban （236）, rural （80） and industrial areas （97） were studied. Blood lead was analyzed using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer （GFAAS）. Cognitive development was measured by the ＇McCarthy Scales of children＇s Abilities Test＇（MSCA）. Significant differences found in the mean cognitive scores between the urban （94.40）, industrial （102.90） and suburban children （101.24）（p 〈 0.001）, with the blood lead between the urban （3.66 p.g/dL）, industrial （3.54 μg/dL） and suburban children （3.04μg/dL）（p = 0.022）. Significant inverse correlations between blood lead and cognitive scores found for all groups （p 〈 0.001）, urban （p 〈 0.001） and suburban children （p 〈 0.001）. Low blood lead significantly influenced the cognitive development for all children after adjusting for confounders （p _〈 0.001）. The urban children＇s cognitive scores were significantly influenced by blood lead levels and household income （p 〈 0.001）. However, for the suburban children, the cognitive score were significantly influenced by the blood lead levels, the mothers＇ education, number of siblings, sequence in the family and the household income （p 〈 0.001 ）. Blood lead below 10μg/dL influenced the cognitive development. Urban children had higher blood lead but suburban children with lower blood lead were also vulnerable to the effect of lead on their cognitive development.

关键词： Low blood lead school children cognitive development.

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Prevalence and Sensitization and Intestinal Parasitic Infestation of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis in school children of Kinshasa

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第4期13卷 568-580页

作者： Léon Muamba Nkashama David Kayembe Lubeji Mireille Solange Nganga Nkanga Ophthalmology Department University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Clinical Biology Department University Hospital of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: There is no study that estimates the prevalence of vernal keratoconjunctivitis and the association between vernal keratoconjunctivitis and intestinal parasitic infestation in our setting. Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the vernal keratoconjunctivitis prevalence, describe the profile of sensitization and determine the association between vernal keratoconjunctivitis disease and intestinal parasitic infestation in school children of Kinshasa during the scholar year from 2022 to 2023. Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was performed from September 2022 to June 2023. The children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis were recruited by using the four-stage probability sampling technique. children attending in the school children of Kinshasa with vernal keratoconjunctivitis were enrolled in the classroom and underwent a clinical examination and skin prick test for 11 allergens and stool examination direct with microscope in the Laboratory. Data were entered in Microsoft Sheets using SPSS version 20.0. The Chi-square test was used to compare the sex, age groups, home environment (grow trees and/or flowers around the yard), dampness in the house, keeping pets (cat and/or dog), number of people per household, number of people sharing a bedroom and intestinal parasitic infestation. The significant level was set to a value of p Results: A total of 28,800 students from four-stage probabilist sampling technique in school of Kinshasa were included, and 2100 students had symptoms according to the vernal keratoconjunctivitis-related symptom questionnaire. children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis were enrolled and the mean age ± standard was 7.2 ± 3.7 years, with a prevalence of 7.2% and gender was three boys for one girl. All vernal keratoconjunctivitis children recruited in urban and rural part had 33.1% positive skin prick test (SPT) and 67.9% showed polysensitization. children an urban part was more sensitized than rural respectively with Dermatophago

关键词： Prevalence Sensitization Intestinal Parasitic Infestation school children Kinshasa

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Effect of Low-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation on Serum 25(OH)D in school children and White-Collar Workers

Effect of Low-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation on Serum 25(OH)...

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2017浙江省营养学会年会暨西湖营养学术论坛

作者： Ronghua Zhang Xiamusiye Muyiduli Danting Su Biao Zhou Yueqiang Fang Shuying Jiang Shuojia Wang Lichun Huang Minjia Mo Minchao Li Bule Shao Yunxian Yu Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics School of Public HealthSchool of MedicineZhejiang University

Objective:Our study aimed to investigate the nutritional vitamin D status of school children aged 9-15 years and white-collar workers in Zhejiang province,and evaluate the efficacy of low-dose-oral vitamin D supplementation in both ***:We conducted a prospective controlled trial during March 2014 to November 2015,comparing the efficacy of vitamin D supplements(400 IU/day)with non-intervention for 18 months in school children aged 9-15 ***,a before-after study was conducted among white-collar workers for 1 *** 25(OH)D concentration was measured at baseline and after vitamin D supplementation,***:At the baseline,95%of school children and 84%of adult participants had vitamin D deficiency(school children,no difference was observed between the intervention and control groups with regard to anthropometric *** 25(OH)D concentrations of the school children intervention group,school children control group and white-collar workers were 12.77 ± 3.01 ng/mL,14.17 ± 3.59 ng/mL and 16.58 ± 3.66 ng/mL at baseline and increased to 17.34 ± 3.78 ng/mL,18.04 ± 4.01 ng/mL and 17.75 ± 5.36 ng/mL after vitamin D supplementation,***,after adjusting for potential confounders,the 400 IU oral vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25(OH)D concentration in school children(β = 0.81,p = 0.0426) as well as in white-collar workers(p = 0.0839),the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was still very high among school children(79.23%in intervention group and 72.38%in control group) and white-collar workers(76.00%).Conclusions:High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was common in these two study *** doses of 400 IU oral vitamin D supplementation was not able to adequately increase serum 25(OH)D concentrations.A suitable recommendation regarding the level of vitamin D supplementation is required for this Chinese population.

关键词： serum 25(OH)D vitamin D supplementation school children white-collar workers

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Efficacy of praziquantel in the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium infection among school-age children in rural communities of Abeokuta, Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2014年第1期3卷 286-293,285页

作者： Olusola Ojurongbe Olawunwi Risqat Sina-Agbaje Abass Busari Patricia Nkem Okorie Taiwo Adetola Ojurongbe Akeem Abiodun Akindele Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Ladoke Akintola University of TechnologyOsogboNigeria Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology General HospitalIjayeAbeokutaNigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Services Olikoye Ransome-Kuti HospitalAbeokutaNigeria Institute for Advanced Medical Research and Training College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Osun State UniversityOsogboNigeria

Background:Chemotherapy with praziquantel(PZQ)has been the cornerstone of schistosomiasis control over the last two *** the only available drug for the treatment of over 200 million people worldwide,continuous monitoring of PZQ efficacy under the pressure of widespread use is therefore ***:The efficacy of taking two doses of oral PZQ for the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium was examined among school children in *** specimens were collected from 350 school children and examined using the filtration *** was collected for packed cell volume(PCV)estimation,and the weight and height of each child were *** egg positive pupils were treated with two oral doses of PZQ at 40 mg/kg with a four-week interval in *** efficacy was determined based on the egg reduction rate(ERR).Results:Among 350 school children,245(70.0%)-of which 132 were males and 113 were females,with an age range of 4 to 15 years-were diagnosed with *** the 245 infected children received a single oral dose of 40 mg/kg PZQ twice with a four-week interval in between and were followed up for 12 *** four,eight and twelve weeks post treatment,the ERR was 57.1%,77.6%and 100%,*** ERR was significantly higher among the children with a light infection compared to those with a heavy *** hundred and twenty-one children were egg negative at four weeks post treatment,among which 1(6.3)and 120(52.4%)had heavy and light infections,*** the second round of treatment,the cure rate at eight weeks and twelve weeks was 85.3%and 100%,***:This study demonstrated the efficacy of taking two doses of oral PZQ for the treatment of urinary schistosomiasis among school children in Nigeria.

关键词： Urinary schistosomiasis Praziquantel Drug efficacy school children Nigeria

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Elementary school comprehensive intervention and myopia development:the Wenzhou Epidemiology of Refraction Error Study

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第8期15卷 1363-1369页

作者： Dan-Dan Jiang Jie Chen Frank Thorn Guang-Yun Mao Chun-Chun Li Zhong Lin Balamurali Vasudevan Xiao-Qiong Huang Yan-Yan Chen The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou 325000Zhejiang ProvinceChina Deptartment of Brain&Cognitive Sciences MIT CambridgeCambridgeMA 02139USA school of Public Health Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325000Zhejiang ProvinceChina College of Optometry MidWestern UniversityGlendaleAZ 84729USA

AIM:To investigate the effects of school-basedcomprehensive intervention on myopia development inelementary school ***:As a part of the Wenzhou Epidemiologyof Refraction Error Study,there were 1524 participatingelementary students(730 girls,47.9%)in grades 1 to3 from three campuses of one school,aged 7.3±0.9y,who were examined twice every year for a 2.5y follow *** intervention and other reminderswere given at school every semester for the *** control group did not receive comprehensiveintervention and did not have reminders of ***:There were 651 students in the interventiongroup[mean age 7.3±0.9y;294(45.2%)girls]and 737students in the control group[mean age 7.2±0.9y;346(46.9%)girls].Overall mean myopia progression duringthe 2.5y follow-up was-0.49±1.04 diopters(D)in theintervention group and-0.65±1.08 D in the control group(P=0.004).The majority that not get myopia at baselinespherical equivalent(SE≤-1.0 D).Their mean myopiaprogression during the 2.5y follow-up was-0.37±0.89 Din the intervention group and-0.51±0.93 D in the controlgroup(27.5%reduction,P=0.009);Overall,mean axiallength elongation was less in the intervention group(0.56±0.32 mm)than in the control group(0.61±0.38 mm,10.5%reduction,P=0.009).The percentage of close reading distance(school has a significant alleviating effect on myopia progression for children during the 2.5y follow-up,especially for those non-myopia at baseline.

关键词： myopia progression axial length comprehensive intervention school children

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