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Effects of chronic elevated intraocular pressure on parameters of optical coherence tomography in rhesus monkeys

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第4期12卷 542-548页

作者： Zhi-Chao Yan Xue-Jiao Yang Hong-Rui Chen Shui-Feng Deng Ying-Ting Zhu Ye-Hong Zhuo Department of Ophthalmology the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat-sen University Department of Ophthalmology the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University

AIM: To determine the progression of parameters from optical coherence tomography(OCT) in chronic elevated intraocular pressure(IOP) monkeys.METHODS: A chronic elevated IOP model of rhesus monkeys was induced by laser photocoagulation. Representative OCT parameters, including the average and four-quadrant retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL) thickness, and parameters from optic nerve head(ONH) analysis were collected before and after laser treatments biweekly for up to 28 wk. The performance of each parameter for early progression detection was analyzed. The progressive trends toward elevated IOP were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model.RESULTS: There were 10 successfully maintained high IOP eyes in 7 monkeys. The follow-up time was 24±5.37 wk. With cumulative IOP elevation, the cup area, rim area and C/D area ratio were statistically significantly changed as early as 2 wk after elevated IOP induction(P<0.05). The quadrant RNFL thickness changed at 6wk after high IOP induction, and the superior and inferior RNFL thicknesses exhibited more obvious reductions than other quadrants. The average RNFL thickness was the last one to show a significant decrease at 8wk.CONCLUSION: The parameters of ONH are most sensitive to elevated IOP in a primate glaucomatous model. These findings suggest that we should focus on those parameters instead of RNFL thickness in patients with elevated IOP, as they might present with earlier glaucomatous changes.

关键词： optical coherence tomography rhesus monkey glaucoma high intraocular pressure retinal nerve fiber layer

Metagenomic comparison of the rectal microbiota between rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus macaques(Macaca fascicularis)

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Zoological Research 2019年第2期40卷 89-93页

作者： Yan-Fang Cui Feng-Jie Wang Lei Yu Hua-Hu Ye Gui-Bo Yang National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention China-CDC Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences

rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus macaques(Macaca fascicularis) are frequently used in establishing animal models for human diseases. To determine the differences in gut microbiota between these species, rectal swabs from 20 rhesus macaques and 21 cynomolgus macaques were collected, and the microbial composition was examined by deep sequencing of the 16 S rR NA gene. We found that the rectal microbiota of cynomolgus macaques exhibited significantly higher alpha diversity than that of rhesus macaques, although the observed number of operational taxonomic units(OTUs) was almost the same. The dominant taxa at both the phylum and genus levels were similar between the two species, although the relative abundances of these dominant taxa were significantly different between them. Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States(PICRUSt) showed significant differences in the functional components between the microbiota of the two species, in particular the lipopolysaccharide(LPS) synthesis proteins. The above data indicated significant differences in microbial composition and function between these two closely related macaque species, which should be taken into consideration in the future selection of these animals for disease models.

关键词： rhesus macaques Cynomolgus macaques Gut microbiota Next generation sequencing

Neonatal rhesus monkeys as an animal model for rotavirus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第45期24卷 5109-5119页

作者： Na Yin Feng-Mei Yang Hong-Tu Qiao Yan Zhou Su-Qin Duan Xiao-Chen Lin Jin-Yuan Wu Yu-Ping Xie Zhan-Long He Mao-Sheng Sun Hong-Jun Li Department of Molecular Biology Institute of Medical Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Primate Experimental Center of the Institute of Medical Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College

AIM To establish a rotavirus(RV)-induced diarrhea model using RV SA11 in neonatal rhesus monkeys for the study of the pathogenic and immune mechanisms of RV infection and evaluation of candidate vaccines.METHODS Neonatal rhesus monkeys with an average age of 15-20 d and an average weight of 500 g ± 150 g received intragastric administration of varying doses of SA11 RV( 107 PFUs/mL, 106 PFUs/mL, or 105 PFUs/mL, 10 mL/animal) to determine whether the SA11 strain can effectively infect these animals by observing their clinical symptoms, fecal shedding of virus antigen by ELISA, distribution of RV antigen in the organs by immunofluorescence, variations of viral RNA load in the organs by qRT-PCR, histopathological changes in the small intestine by HE staining, and apoptosis of small intestinal epithelial cells by TUNEL assay.RESULTS The RV monkey model showed typical clinical diarrhea symptoms in the 108 PFUs SA11 group, where we observed diarrhea 1-4 d post infection(dpi) and viral antigen shed in the feces from 1-7 dpi. RV was found in jejunal epithelial cells. We observed a viral load of approximately 5.85 × 103 copies per 100 mg in the jejunum at 2 dpi, which was increased to 1.09 × 105 copies per 100 mg at 3 dpi. A relatively high viral load was also seen in mesenteric lymph nodes at 2 dpi and 3 dpi. The following histopathological changes were observed in the small intestine following intragastric administration of SA11 RV: vacuolization, edema, and atrophy. Apoptosis in the jejunal villus epithelium was also detectable at 3 dpi.CONCLUSION Our results indicate that we have successfully established a RV SA11 strain diarrhea model in neonatal rhesus monkeys. Future studies will elucidate the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of RV infection, and we will use the model to evaluate the protective effect of candidate vaccines.

关键词： Rotavirus Neonatal rhesus monkey Animal model Infection Diarrhea

Direct sunlight exposure reduces hair cortisol levels in rhesus monkeys(Macaca mulatta)

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Zoological Research 2019年第6期40卷 583-586页

作者： Xiao-Li Feng He-Long Che Xi Ning Xue-Ying Ba Juan-Li Jing-Fang Zhang Yun Wang Zheng-Fei Hu Xin-Tian Hu Xiao-Feng Ren School of Basic Medical Sciences Kunming Medical UniversityKunming Yunnan 650500China Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming Yunnan 650223China Department of General Surgery 908th Hospital of Chinese PLA Joint Logistic Support ForceYingtan Jiangxi 335000China Kunming Primate Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming Yunnan 650223China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming Yunnan 650204China

DEAR EDITOR,Major depressive disorder (MDD), commonly known as depression, is a mental disease characterized by a core symptom of low mood. It lasts at least two weeks (Badamasi et al., 2019;Wang et al., 2019) and is frequently accompanied by low self-esteem, loss of interest in routinely enjoyable activities, low energy, and unexplained pain (Huey et al., 2018;Park et al., 2012;Post & Warden, 2018;Rice et al., 2019;Xiao et al., 2018). Approximately 2%–8% of adults with MDD commit suicide (Richards & O'Hara, 2014;Strakowski & Nelson, 2015), and around half of suicidal individuals suffer depression or other mood disorders (Bachmann, 2018).

关键词： rhesus monkeys hair cortisol levels

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2020年第1期3卷 93-97页

作者： Pin Yu Feifei Qi Yanfeng Xu Fengdi Li Peipei Liu Jiayi Liu Linlin Bao Wei Deng Hong Gao Zhiguang Xiang Chong Xiao Qi Lv Shuran Gong Jiangning Liu Zhiqi Song Yajin Qu Jing Xue Qiang Wei Mingya Liu Guanpeng Wang Shunyi Wang Haisheng Yu Xing Liu Baoying Huang Wenling Wang Li Zhao Huijuan Wang Fei Ye Weimin Zhou Wei Zhen Jun Han Guizhen Wu Qi Jin Jianwei Wang Wenjie Tan Chuan Qin Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine Chinese Ministry of HealthBeijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Laboratory Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine CenterPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina MHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChina CDCBeijingChina Department of Radiology Bejing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College BeijingChina

Background:Since December 2019,an outbreak of the Corona Virus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)in Wuhan,China,has become a public health emergency of international concern.The high fatality of aged cases caused by SARS-CoV-2 was a need to explore the possible age-related phenomena with non-human primate models.Methods:Three 3-5 years old and two 15 years old rhesus macaques were intratracheally infected with SARS-CoV-2,and then analyzed by clinical signs,viral replication,chest X-ray,histopathological changes and immune response.Results:Viral replication of nasopharyngeal swabs,anal swabs and lung in old monkeys was more active than that in young monkeys for 14 days after SARS-CoV-2 challenge.Monkeys developed typical interstitial pneumonia characterized by thickened alveolar septum accompanied with inflammation and edema,notably,old monkeys exhibited diffuse severe interstitial pneumonia.Viral antigens were detected mainly in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages.Conclusion:SARS-CoV-2 caused more severe interstitial pneumonia in old monkeys than that in young monkeys.rhesus macaque models infected with SARS-CoV-2 provided insight into the pathogenic mechanism and facilitated the development of vaccines and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

关键词： pathogenicity pneumonia rhesus macaque model SARS-CoV-2

Expression of orphan receptor TR2 mRNA in rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)testis

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第10期44卷 927-930页

作者： Xiaomin Mu Yixun Liu Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool State Key Lab Reprod Biol Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

The cellular localization and expression of TR2 mRNA in rhesus monkey testis were investigated by the methods of in situ and Northern hybridization using the digoxigenin labeled in vitro transcripted cRNA probe from a TR2 cDNA fragment template and α-32P-dCTP labeled cDNA probe from the same TR2 cDNA fragment. It is demonstrated that TR2 mRNA was localized specifically in the germ cells, and was predominantly expressed in the meiotic more advanced cells. The expression level was various in different seminiferous tubules, and there was stronger expression in the tubules where spermatogenesis was vigorously going on. The expression level of TR2 mRNA was low in the immature rhesus monkey testis and increased dramatically in the adult and varied with a seminiferous cycle. These data suggest for the first time that orphan receptor TR2 may have an important function in regulating spermatogenesis at later stages of germ cell development in rhesus monkey.

关键词： orphan receptor TR2 hybridization localization expression spermatogenesis rhesus monkey.

Identification and Possible Function of Tissue-type and Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activators and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor in Corpus Luteum of rhesus Monkey

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1994年第20期39卷 1734-1738页

作者：刘以训冯强刘奎胡召元邹如金

Two types of plasminogen activators, tissue type (tPA) and urokinase type(uPA),and a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) have been identified in ovariangranulosa cells (GC) of both rat and rhesus monkey. Interaction and coordinated expression of tPA and PAI-1 in the same tissue cells are closely related with certain reproductive processes such as ovulation, spermatogenesis and endometrium cycle. In our previous studies on gonadotropin-induced ovulation in rhesus monkeys,we

关键词： tissue-type plasminogen activator plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 luteolysis rhesus monkey.

Oocyte Maturation and Fertilization in vitro in rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1993年第13期38卷 1125-1128页

作者：季维智陈建春杨上川邹如金商恩缘保海仙 Joint Laboratory of Primatology Kunming Institute of Zoology Academia Sinica and Yunnan National Primate Center of China Kunming 650223 PRC

It is not clear how oocyte maturation, embryo development and differentiation are regulated, though they are critical to the mechanism of reproduction, in vitro fertilization has been greatly successful in domestic animals and human since the ability of immature mammalian oocytes of undergoing maturation in vitro was first demonstrated by Pincus and Enzmann. Although human in vitro fertilization has experienced immense popularity and more than 5000 test-tube babies have been born to date, serious legal and

关键词： rhesus monkey oocyte in vitro fertilization.

Hemizona Assay in rhesus Monkeys:Influences of SpermMotility and Oocyte Maturational Stages onSperm/Egg Binding

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1994年第10期39卷 861-865页

作者：普晓春季维智杨上川陈建春邹如金商恩缘 Kunming Institute of Zoology Academia Sinica Kunming 650223 PRC

The zona pellucidae is the first important position in sperm/oocyte interactions.Sperm binding to the zona pellucidae is an initial and critical step in fertilization,which is relevant to both of sperm motility and oocyte maturational stage. However,until recently there was no ideal model to predict fertilization potential of spermand to reveal the mechanism of sperm/oocyte interactions. The hemizona assay (HZA)was first established in human in vitro fertilization(IVF) by using the two matchingzona hemispheres with functional equality which provides many obvious advanages incomparative research of sperm/oocyte binding and interaction. In human IVF, the re-sults have certainly verified the feasibility of the HZA as a test to predict

关键词： rhesus monkey hemizona assay oocyte sperm.