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Comparison of non-cycloplegic photorefraction,cycloplegic photorefraction and cycloplegic retinoscopy in children

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2015年第1期8卷 128-131页

作者： Ozdemir Ozdemir Zuhal Ozen Tunay Ikbal Seza Petricli Damla Ergintürk Acar Muhammet Kazim Erol Department of Ophthalmology Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Maternity and Women's Health Research Hospital Department of Ophthalmology Antalya Education and Research Hospital

AIM: To compare the results of noncycloplegic photorefraction, cycloplegic photorefraction and cycloplegic refraction in preschool and non-verbal ***: One hundred and ninety-six eyes of 98children(50 females, 48 males) were included in the study. Firstly, non-cycloplegic photorefraction was achieved with Plusoptix A09; secondly, cycloplegic photorefraction was carried out with Plusoptix A09 after10 min cyclopentolate. Finally, 30 min after instillation of twice cyclopentolate, cycloplegic refraction was obtained with autorefraction and/or standard retinoscopy. Spheric equivalent, spheric power, cylindric power and cylindrical axis measurements were statistically ***: The mean age was 28.8±18.5mo(range12-72mo). The differences in spherical equivalent, spheric power and cylindrical power measured by the three methods were found statistically significant(P 0.05).CONCLUSION: For the determination of refractive errors in children, the Plusoptix A09 measurements give incorrect results after instillation of ***, the cylindrical power measured by Plusoptix A09 with or without cycloplegia is higher. However, the non-cycloplegic Plusoptix A09 measures spheric equivalent and spheric power similar to cycloplegic refraction measurements in preschool and non-verbal children.

关键词： cyclopentolate cycloplegia photorefraction photoretinoscopy Plusoptix retinoscopy refraction

Quantitative　relationship　between　pupillary　reflex　feature　and　its　diopter　in　retinoscopy

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 1994年第4期9卷 309-312页

作者：徐上计尚年

ＱｕａｎｔｉｔａｔｉｖｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｐｕｐｉｌｌａｒｙｒｅｆｌｅｘｆｅａｔｕｒｅａｎｄｉｔｓｄｉｏｐｔｅｒｉｎｒｅｔｉｎｏｓｃｏｐｙＸｕＳｈａｎｇ（徐上）；ＪｉＳｈａｎｇｎｉａｎ（计尚年）（... 详细信息

ＱｕａｎｔｉｔａｔｉｖｅｒｅｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｉｐｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｐｕｐｉｌｌａｒｙｒｅｆｌｅｘｆｅａｔｕｒｅａｎｄｉｔｓｄｉｏｐｔｅｒｉｎｒｅｔｉｎｏｓｃｏｐｙＸｕＳｈａｎｇ（徐上）；ＪｉＳｈａｎｇｎｉａｎ（计尚年）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＯｐｈｔｈ...

关键词： retinoscopy pupillary reflex feature diopter mathematical formula

Retinoscopes:Past and present

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第3期14卷 126-140页

作者： Mutali Musa Ehimare Enaholo Babatunde Ismail Bale Carlo Salati Leopoldo Spadea Marco Zeppieri Department of Optometry University of BeninBenin 300283Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology Africa Eye Laser CentreBenin 300105Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology Centre for Sight AfricaNkpor 434101Nigeria Department of Ophthalmology University Hospital of UdineUdine 33100Italy Eye Clinic Policlinico Umberto I"Sapienza"University of RomeRome 00142Italy

BACKGROUND retinoscopy is arguably the most important method in the eye clinic for diagnosing and managing refractive *** of retinoscopy include its noninvasive nature,ability to assess patients of all ages,and usefulness in patients with limited cooperation or communication *** To discuss the history of retinoscopes and examine current literature on the *** A search was conducted on the PubMed and with the reference citation analysis(https://***)database using the term"retinoscopy,"with a range restricted to the last 10 years(2013-2023).The search string algorithm was:"retinoscopy"(MeSH Terms)OR"retinoscopy"(All Fields)OR"Retinoscopes"(All Fields)AND[(All Fields)AND 2013:2023(pdat)].RESULTS This systematic review included a total of 286 *** reviewed iterations of the retinoscope into autorefractors,infrared photo retinoscope,television retinoscopy,and the Wifi enabled digital *** The retinoscope has evolved significantly since its discovery,with a significant improvement in its diagnostic *** it has advantages such as non-invasiveness and broad applicability,limitations exist,and the need for skilled interpretation *** ongoing research,including the integration of artificial intelligence,retinoscopy is expected to continue advancing and playing a vital role in eye care.

关键词： retinoscopy Autorefractor Refractive errors Ophthalmology Optics Artificial intelligence

在成年人的 Non-cycloplegic 球形的相等的折射: 双通行证系统，视网膜镜检法，主观折射和装桌子的 autorefractor 的比较

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第5期6卷 618-625页

作者： Meritxell Vilaseca Montserrat Arjona Jaume Pujol Elvira Peris Vanessa Martìnez Centre for Sensors Instruments and Systems Development(CD6)Technical University of Catalonia University Vision Centre (CUV) Department of Optics and OptometryTechnical University of Catalonia

AIM:To evaluate the accuracy of spherical equivalent(SE) estimates of a double-pass system and to compare it with retinoscopy,subjective refraction and a table mounted ***:Non-cycloplegic refraction was performed on 125 eyes of 65 healthy adults(age 23.5±3.0 years) from October 2010 to January 2011 using retinoscopy,subjective refraction,autorefraction(Auto kerato refractometer TOPCON KR-8100,Japan) and a double pass system(Optical Quality Analysis System,OQAS,Visiometrics S.L.,Spain).Nine consecutive measurements with the double-pass system were performed on a subgroup of 22 eyes to assess *** evaluate the trueness of the OQAS instrument,the SE laboratory bias between the double pass system and the other techniques was ***:The SE mean coefficient of repeatability obtained was *** correlations could be established between the OQAS and the SE obtained with retinoscopy(r=0.956,Pretinoscopy;retinoscopy gave more hyperopic values than the double-pass system-0.51±0.50D as well as the subjective refraction-0.23±0.50D;More myopic values were achieved by means of autorefraction 0.24±0.49D. CONCLUSION:The double-pass system provides accurate and reliable estimates of the SE that can be used for clinical *** technique can determine the correct focus position to assess the ocular optical ***,it has a relatively small measuring range in comparison with autorefractors(-8.00 to +5.00D),and requires prior information on the refractive state of the patient.

关键词： double-pass system optical quality retinoscopy autorefraction subjective refraction accuracy repeatability trueness