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Expert consensus on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infections in children

World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期20卷 11-25页

作者： Xian-Li Zhang Xi Zhang Wang Hua Zheng-De Xie Han-Min Liu Hai-Lin Zhang Bi-Quan Chen Yuan Chen Xin Sun Yi Xu Sai-Nan Shu Shun-Ying Zhao Yun-Xiao Shang Ling Cao Yan-Hui Jia Luo-Na Lin Jiong Li Chuang-Li Hao Xiao-Yan Dong Dao-Jiong Lin Hong-Mei Xu De-Yu Zhao Mei Zeng Zhi-Min Chen Li-Su Huang Department of Infectious Disease Children's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine3333 Binsheng RoadBinjiang DistrictHangzhou 310052China Clinical Research Unit Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Beijing Pediatric Research Institute Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Pediatric Pulmonology West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Pediatric Pulmonology the Second Affiliated Hospital&Yuying Children's HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina Department of Infectious Disease Anhui Provincial Children's HospitalHefeiChina Department of Pediatrics the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangChina Department of Pediatrics Xijing Hospitalthe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina Department of Infectious Disease Guangzhou Women and Children's Medicine CenterGuangzhou Medicine UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Pediatrics Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina Department of respiratory Disease Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Pediatric respiratory Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina respiratory Department Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina Department of Clinical Epidemiology Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Department of Respirology Children's Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina Department of respiratory Children's Hospital of ShanghaiChildren's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Infectious Disease Hainan Women and Children's Medical CenterHaikouChina Department of Infectious Disease Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of respiratory Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Infectious Di

Background respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is the leading global cause of respiratory infections and is responsible for about 3 million hospitalizations and more than 100,000 deaths annually in children younger than 5 years,representing a major global healthcare *** is a great unmet need for new agents and universal strategies to prevent RSV infections in early life.A multidisciplinary consensus development group comprising experts in epidemiology,infectious diseases,respiratory medicine,and methodology aims to develop the current consensus to address clinical issues of RSV infections in *** sources The evidence searches and reviews were conducted using electronic databases,including PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library,using variations in terms for"respiratory syncytial virus","RSV","lower respiratory tract infection","bronchiolitis","acute","viral pneumonia","neonatal","infant""children",and"pediatric".Results Evidence-based recommendations regarding diagnosis,treatment,and prevention were proposed with a high degree of *** supportive care remains the cornerstone for the management of RSV infections,new monoclonal antibodies,vaccines,drug therapies,and viral surveillance techniques are being rolled *** This consensus,based on international and national scientific evidence,reinforces the current recommendations and integrates the recent advances for optimal care and prevention of RSV *** improvements in the management of RSV infections will require generating the highest quality of evidence through rigorously designed studies that possess little bias and sufficient capacity to identify clinically meaningful end points.

关键词： Consensus prevention respiratory syncytial virus Treatment

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Integrating immunoinformatics and computational epitope prediction for a vaccine candidate against respiratory syncytial virus

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 763-774页

作者： Truc Ly Nguyen Heebal Kim Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea eGnome Inc.Seoul05836Republic of Korea

respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)poses a significant global health threat,especially affecting infants and the *** this,the present study proposes an innovative approach to vaccine design,utilizing immunoinformatics and computational *** analyzed RSV's structural proteins across both subtypes A and B,identifying potential helper T lymphocyte,cytotoxic T lymphocyte,and linear B lymphocyte *** such as antigenicity,allergenicity,toxicity,and cytokine-inducing potential were rigorously ***,we evaluated the conservancy of these epitopes and their population coverage across various RSV *** comprehensive analysis identified six major histocompatibility complex class I(MHC-I)binding,five MHC-II binding,and three B-cell *** were integrated with suitable linkers and adjuvants to form the ***,molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated stable interactions between the vaccine candidate and human Toll-like receptors(TLR4 and TLR5),with a notable preference for *** simulation analysis underscored the vaccine's potential to elicit a strong immune *** study presents a promising RSV vaccine candidate and offers theoretical support,marking a significant advancement in vaccine development ***,the promising in silico findings need to be further validated through additional in vivo studies.

关键词： respiratory syncytial virus Multiepitope vaccine Immunoinformatics Docking molecular Molecular dynamics simulation Immune simulation

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In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cerium oxide nanoparticles in respiratory syncytial virus infection

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 124-135页

作者： Akhil Patel Jessica Kosanovich Sameera Sansare Sricharani Balmuri Vinayak Sant Kerry M.Empey Shilpa Sant Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261USA Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Pharmacy and TherapeuticsSchool of PharmacyClinical and Translational Science InstituteDepartment of ImmunologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261USA Department of Bioengineering Swanson School of EngineeringMcGowan Institute for Regenerative MedicineUPMC Hillman Cancer CenterUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261USA

respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is the most common cause of viral bronchiolitis among children worldwide,yet there is no vaccine for RSV *** study investigates the potential of cube and sphere-shaped cerium oxide nanoparticles(CNP)to modulate reactive oxygen(ROS)and nitrogen(RNS)species and immune cell phenotypes in the presence of RSV infection in vitro and in *** and sphere-shaped CNP were synthesized by hydrothermal and ultrasonication methods,***-chemical characterization confirmed the shape of sphere and cube CNP and effect of various parameters on their particle size distribution and zeta *** vitro results revealed that sphere and cube CNP differentially modulated ROS and RNS levels in J774 ***,cube CNP significantly reduced RSV-induced ROS levels without affecting RNS levels while sphere CNP increased RSV-induced RNS levels with minimal effect on ROS *** CNP drove an M1 phenotype in RSV-infected macrophages in vitro by increasing macrophage surface expression of CD80 and CD86 with a concomitant increase in TNFαand IL-12p70,while simultaneously decreasing M2 CD206 *** administration of sphere and cube-CNP were well-tolerated with no observed toxicity in BALB/c ***,cube CNP preferentially accumulated in murine alveolar macrophages and induced their activation,avoiding enhanced uptake and activation of other inflammatory cells such as neutrophils,which are associated with RSV-mediated *** conclusion,we report that sphere and cube CNP modulate macrophage polarization and innate cellular responses during RSV infection.

关键词： Cerium oxide nanoparticles Reactive oxygen species respiratory syncytial virus Macrophage phenotypes Immunomodulation Nanoparticle shape Bioactive nanoparticles

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Characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus-induced bronchiolitis co-infection with Mycoplasma pneumoniae and add-on therapy with montelukast

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世界儿科杂志:英文版 2016年第1期12卷 88-95页

作者： Sheng-Hua Wu Xiao-Qing Chen Xia Kong Pei-Ling Yin Ling Dong Pei-Yuan Liao Jia-Ming Wu Department of Pediatrics First Affi liated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University300 Guangzhou RoadNanjing 210029China Department of Pediatrics Jiangsu Maternity and Children Healthcare HospitalNanjing 210036China Department of Pediatrics Nanjing First Hospital Affi liated to Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210006China Department of Pediatrics Central Hospital of TengzhouTengzhou 277500China Department of Pediatrics Qidong People's Hospital753 Central Jianghai RoadQidong 226200China

Background:The influence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)infection on bronchiolitis remains ***,reports on the efficacies of leukotriene receptor antagonists in the treatment of bronchiolitis have been ***:Children with respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)-induced bronchiolitis were divided into two groups:RSV+MP group and RSV *** group was randomly divided into two subgroups:one received routine and placebo treatment,while the other received routine and montelukast treatment for 9 *** cumulative numbers of wheezing episodes and recurrent respiratory tract infections were *** parameters were ***:Patients in the RSV+MP group exhibited an older average age,fever,more frequent flaky and patchy shadows in chest X-rays,more frequent extrapulmonary manifestations,and longer hospital stays compared with patients in the RSV ***,higher baseline blood eosinophil counts,eosinophil cationic protein(ECP),total immunoglobulin E(IgE),interleukin(IL)-4,IL-5,IL-4/interferon-γratios,leukotriene(LT)B4,and LTC4,and lower baseline lipoxin A4(LXA4)/LTB4 ratios were observed in the RSV+MP group compared with the RSV *** treatment decreased the cumulative numbers of recurrent wheezing episodes and recurrent respiratory tract infections at 9 and 12 *** efficacy may be related to the montelukast-induced reductions in peripheral eosinophil counts,ECP and total IgE,as well as the montelukast-dependent recovery in T helper(Th)1/Th2 balance and LXA4/LTB4 ratios in children with ***:RSV bronchiolitis with MP infection was associated with clinical and laboratory features that differed from those of RSV bronchiolitis without MP ***-on therapy with montelukast for 9 months was benefi cial for children with bronchiolitis at 9 and 12 months after the initiation of treatment.

关键词： bronchiolitis leukotrienes montelukast Mycoplasma pneumoniae respiratory syncytial virus

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Prematurity and the burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus disease

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世界儿科杂志:英文版 2016年第1期12卷 8-18页

作者： Bernhard Resch Stefan Kurath-Koller Monika Eibisberger Werner Zenz Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Division of NeonatologyDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of GrazAustria Research Unit for Neonatal Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Medical University of GrazAustria Research Unit for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology Division of General PediatricsDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of GrazAustria

Background:respiratory morbidity of former preterm infants and especially those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)is high during infancy and early *** sources:We performed a review based on a literature search including EMBASE,MEDLINE,and CINAHL databases to identify all relevant papers published in the English and German literature on influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection associated with preterm infant,prematurity,and BPD between 1980 and ***:Recurrent respiratory symptoms remain common at preschool age,school age and even into young *** viral respiratory tract infections due to different pathogens cause significant morbidity and necessitate rehospitalizations during the fi rst years of *** uenza virus infection plays a minor role compared to respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)associated respiratory tract infection during infancy and early ***,particular morbidity to both viruses is ***:The particular burden of both viral diseases in preterm infants is dominated by RSV and its associated rehospitalizations during the fi rst two years of *** measures include vaccination against influenza virus of family members and caregivers and active immunization starting at the age of 6 months,and monthly injections of palivizumab during the cold season to avoid severe RSV disease and its sequelae.

关键词： bronchopulmonary dysplasia infl uenza preterm infant respiratory infectious disease respiratory syncytial virus

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AuNPs/graphene Hybrids-Based Enzyme-Free Plasmonic Immunoassay for respiratory syncytial virus Detection

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2021年第3期5卷 203-209页

作者： Lei Zhan Chun-Mei Li Peng-Fei Gao Cheng-Zhi Huang Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing(Southwest University) Ministry of EducationCollege of Pharmaceutical SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

Accurate diagnosis of early infections caused by the viral pathogen is a major challenge because patients usually have nonspecific *** development of sensitive,reliable,robust,and rapid laboratory tools is still in high ***,we developed an extremely sensitive and affordable plasmonic immunoassay for respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)detection with the naked eye based on gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)/graphene hybrids combined with metal enhancement *** limit of detection was found to be 1.7 fg/mL,which was 100 times higher than that of the AuNPs-based *** ultrahigh sensitivity could be attributed to the large number of well-dispersed AuNPs deposited on the graphene surface,which had an extremely high relative surface *** signal amplification was achieved by catalytic enlargement of AuNPs with HAuCl_(4)-NH_(2)OH redox ***,the plasmonic immunoassay was successfully used to detect RSV in artificial serum samples,showing great potential in practical applications.

关键词： AuNPs/graphene hybrids Plasmonic immunoassay Signal amplification respiratory syncytial virus

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Antiviral Effect of Emodin from Rheum palmatum against Coxsakievirus B_5 and Human respiratory syncytial virus In Vitro

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2015年第6期35卷 916-922页

作者：刘钊马年钟研杨占秋 South-Central University for Nationalities State Key Laboratory of Virology Institute of Medical Virology School of Medicine Wuhan University

Summary： Viral infections are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in elderly people and young children throughout the world. The most common pathogens include coxsackie virus （CV） and respira- tory syncytial virus （RSV）. However, no antiviral agents with low toxicity and drug resistance are cur- rently available in clinic therapy. The present study aimed to examine the antiviral activities of emodin （an ingredient of Rheum palmatum） against CVB5 and RSV infections, in an attempt to discover new antiviral agents for virus infection. The monomer emodin was extracted and isolated from Rheum pal- matum. The antiviral activities of emodin on HEp-2 cells were evaluated, including virus replication in- hibition, virucidal and anti-absorption effects, by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tet- razolium bromide （MTT） assay and plaque reduction assay （PRA）. The kinetics of virus inhibition by emodin in a period of 14 h was further determined by plaque assay and quantitative real time PCR （qPCR）. Cytokine （IFN-γ, TNF-α） mRNA expressions after emodin treatment （7.5, 15, 30 μmol/L） were also assessed by qPCR post-infection. The results showed that emodin had potent inhibitory activities against CVB5 and RSV, with the 50% effective concentration （EC50） ranging from 13.06 to 14.27 μmol/L and selectivity index （SI） being 5.38-6.41 μmol/L. However, emodin couldn＇t directly inacti- vate the viruses or block their absorption to cells. It acted as a biological synthesis inhibitor against CVB4 and RSV in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, especially during the first 0-4 h post-infection. Moreover, emodin could decrease the mRNA expression of IFN-α but enhance TNF-γ expression significantly compared to the viral controls in vitro. Our results provide a molecular basis for development of emodin as a novel and safe antiviral agent for human enterovirus and respiratory virus infection in the clinical therapy.

关键词： emodin antiviral effect coxsakievirus B5 respiratory syncytial virus

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respiratory syncytial virus:the possible trigger of airway remodeling through matrix metaUoproteinase activation?

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第1期120卷 3-4页

作者： WEN Fu-qiang LIU Dai-shun Department of respiratory Medicine West China Hospital WestChina School of Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610041China

respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） is a leading cause of .epidemic respiratory tract illness in children. Severe RSV infections involving the lower respiratory tract are primarily seen in young children with naive immune systems and/or genetic predispositions. However, RSV was not recognized as a potentially serious problem in older adults until the 1970s, when outbreaks of the virus infection occurred in long-term care facilities. Since then, additional studies in hospitalized adults have suggested that RSV may be an important cause of illness in community-dwelling elderly people, patients with suppressed T-cell immunity （such as heart transplant recipients）.

关键词： respiratory syncytial virus matrix metalloproteinase airway remodeling

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Clinical characteristics and risk factors of severe respiratory syncytial virus-associated acute lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized infants

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第4期10卷 360-364页

作者： Xiao-Bo Zhang Li-Juan Liu Li-Ling Qian Gao-Li Jiang Chuan-Kai Wang Pin Jia Peng Shi Jin Xu Li-Bo Wang Department of respiratory Medicine Children's Hospital of Fudan University399 Wanyuan RoadShanghai 201102China

Background:To investigate the clinical characteristics and analyze risk factors for severe respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)infection in hospitalized infants with acute lower respiratory tract infections(ALRIs).Methods:A retrospective review of the medical records of infants with RSV-associated ALRIs between March 1st,2011 and February 29th,2012 was *** were followed up over the phone or by outpatient visit six and twelve months after ***:Among 913 RSV-associated ALRIs infants,288(31.5%)had severe infections,which accounted for 4.2%of hospitalized *** hospital RSV mortality rate was 1.0%.The proportions of cases with tachypnea,apnea,cyanosis,and fine rales were significantly higher in the severe ALRIs group(all P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression showed that low-birth-weight[1.698(1.028-2.805)],age less than 3 months old[3.385(2.174-5.271)],congenital heart disease[1.667(1.149-2.418)],bronchopulmonary dysplasia[8.505(1.731-41.780)],and airway abnormalities[2.246(1.008-5.005)]were independent risk factors for severe *** incidence of bronchitis,pneumonia and readmission in the severe group was significantly higher than that of the non-severe group during the one-year follow-up(all P<0.001).Conclusions:Younger age,low birth weight and underlying disease are associated with severe RSVassociated ***,severe RSV infections may be associated with a higher frequency of subsequent bronchitis,pneumonia and re-hospitalization in the following year.

关键词： infant respiratory infectious diseases respiratory syncytial virus

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Neonatal vaccination against respiratory syncytial virus infection

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Frontiers in Biology 2012年第3期7卷 227-232页

作者： Zhilong JIANG Erin M. FISHER Jiu JIANG Department of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia PA 19104 USA. Department of Biology Drexel University Philadelphia PA 19104 USA

respiratory syncytial virus （RSV） is the leading cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and is the most frequent cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children. Efficacious vaccination has been a longstanding goal in neonates. Due to immaturity of the neonatal immune system, vaccination has shown limited success in stimulating the neonatal endogenous immune system. Advances in the understanding of neonatal immunology have resulted in renewed development of neonatal vaccination. In this article, we review recent advances in neonatal anti- RSV vaccination strategies, including active and passive vaccination approaches, with emphasis on the effect of maternal neutralizing antibody and the role of maternal antibody in neonatal immune modulations. Recent reports in a variety of antiviral vaccine animal models have shown that maternal antibody, different from conventional vaccination, plays an immune modulatory role in the newborn immune system. Active immunization of the pregnant mother and the offspring can effectively stimulate and maintain potent neonatal immune responses, including an endogenous cytotoxic response and neutralizing antibody generation. The induced newborn endogenous antiviral immunity can last up to 6 months, and effectively blunt viral replication. Immune complexes, formed from the integral binding of the maternal neutralizing antibody and viral vaccine antigen, may play an important role in the maternal antibody-mediated neonatal immune response. The underlying mechanisms and future perspectives are discussed.

关键词： respiratory syncytial virus vaccination neonates matemal antibody immune complex

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