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Targeting novel sites represents an effective strategy for combating drug resistance

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第1期36卷 3-5页

作者： Shaoqing Du Xinyong Liu Xueping Hu Peng Zhan Department of Medicinal Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJi’nan 250012China Institute of Frontier Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Drug resistance poses an escalating global challenge in the battle against *** effectiveness of conventional antibiotics and other anti-infective drugs is waning as microbes develop heightened resistance to existing *** resistance poses a formidable challenge to global health and development,ranking among the top 10 public health threats to humanity as declared by the World Health *** indicate that if left unaddressed,antimicrobial resistance could inflict an annual economic burden on the global GDP ranging from$1trillion to$3.4 trillion by ***,the management of common infections becomes increasingly arduous,while the likelihood of disease transmission,severe illness,and mortality escalates.

关键词： resistance drugs humanity

Point mutations of Dicer2 conferred Fusarium asiaticum resistance to RNAi-related biopesticide

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 623-637页

作者： Kaixin Gu Ran Wei Yidan Sun Xiaoxin Duan Jing Gao Jianxin Wang Yiping Hou Mingguo Zhou Xiushi Song Key Laboratory of Pesticide College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural University

The use of RNA interference （RNAi） technology to control pests is explored by researchers *** though RNA is a new class of pest control compound unlike conventional chemical pesticides,the evolution of pest resistance needs to be ***,we first investigate RNAi-based biopesticide resistance of Fusarium asiaticum,which is responsible for devastating diseases of plants,for example,Fusarium head *** resistant strains were isolated from 500 strains that treated with *** mutation common to all of the five resistant mutants occurred in the gene encoding Dicer2 （point mutations at codon 1005 and 1007）,which were under strong purifying selection *** confirm whether the mutations in Dicer2 confer resistance to RNAi,we exchanged the Dicer2 locus between the sensitive strain and the resistant strain by homologous double *** transformed mutants,Dicer2R1005Dand Dicer2E1007H,exhibited resistance to dsRNA in *** study showed that mutations of R1005D and E1007H affected the intramolecular interactions of Dicer2,resulting in the dysfunction of RNase III domain of *** amount of sRNAs produced by Dicer2R1005Dand Dicer2E1007Hwas extremely reduced along with variation of sRNA ***,these findings revealed a new potential mechanism of RNAi resistance and provided insight into RNAi-related biopesticide deployment for fungal control.

关键词： RNA interference dsRNA Dicer2 point mutation resistance Fusarium asiaticum

Genome-wide investigation of defensin genes in apple(Malus×domestica Borkh.) and in vivo analyses show that MdDEF25 confers resistance to Fusarium solani

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第1期24卷 161-175页

作者： Mengli Yang Jian Jiao Yiqi Liu Ming Li Yan Xia Feifan Hou Chuanmi Huang Hengtao Zhang Miaomiao Wang Jiangli Shi Ran Wan Kunxi Zhang Pengbo Hao Tuanhui Bai Chunhui Song Jiancan Feng Xianbo Zheng College of Horticulture Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesZhengzhou 450009China

Apple replant disease is a complex soil syndrome that occurs when the same fields are repeatedly utilized for apple orchard *** can be caused by various pathogens,and Fusarium solani is the main *** solani disrupts the structure and function of the orchard soil ecosystem and inhibits the growth and development of apple trees,significantly impacting the quality and yield of *** this study,we conducted a transcriptome comparison between uninoculated apple saplings and those inoculated with F:*** differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in processes such as response to symbiotic *** defensins are antimicrobial peptides,but their roles during *** infection remain *** performed a genome-wide identification of apple defensin genes and identified 25 genes with the conserved motif of eight cysteine *** wildtype apple rootstock inoculated with ***,the root surface cells experienced severe damage,and showed significant differences in the total root length,total root projection area,root tips,root forks,and total root surface area compared to the control ***-PCR analysis revealed that MdDEF3 and MdDEF25 were triggered in response to *** infection in *** localization showed specific expression of the MdDEF3-YFP and MdDEF25-YFP proteins on the cell *** theMdDEF25-YFP fusiongene enhanced resistance against *** in apple,providing a new strategy for the future prevention and biological control of apple replantdisease.

关键词： apple Fusarium solani defensin resistance replant disease

Distribution and resistance Profile of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains at the Yaoundé Central Hospital: Analysis and Implications

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Advances in Microbiology 2025年第1期15卷 19-29页

作者： Megne Mimbe Lys Cannella Assiene Oyong Damase Serge Cedric Gueguim Laurent Akono Magloire Sida Biwole Adiogo Dieudonné Department of Biology Higher Institute of Medical Technology Yaound Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Environmental Sciences Higher Institute of Agriculture Wood Water and the Environment University of Bertoua Cameroon Pharmacy laboratory Galenics and Pharmaceutical Legislation Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: The misuse of antibiotics has driven the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, with certain bacterial species, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, initially susceptible to most antibiotics, now exhibiting resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated at the Yaoundé Central Hospital. Methodology: The study was conducted over a period of 4 months (March 1st, 2023-July 1st, 2023) and involved 32 strains isolated from bacterial cultures performed on patients, regardless of sex. The different Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated using conventional methods. Identification, antibiogram, and detection of resistance enzyme production were generated using the VITEK 2 system. The Carbapenem-resistant K.N.I.V.O. kit was used to detect carbapenemases. Data analysis was performed using EXCEL 2019 software. Results: Out of 196 samples collected from various biological products, 32 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were isolated, representing 16.32% (196/32). Urine samples were most frequently affected, accounting for 53.125%. The emergency department was the most represented (40.63%) by these isolates. The mean age was 50 years, with a minimum of 20 years and a maximum of 80 years. The sex ratio was equal to 1. The identified strains were resistant to cefotaxime (78.13%), cefoxitin (62.50%), tobramycin (71.88%), gentamicin (56.25%), ofloxacin (81.25%), and cotrimoxazole (78.13%). 78.25% were ESBL producers. Three strains were resistant to carbapenems, accounting for 9.37%;one of which exhibited the NDM type. Conclusion: This study highlights the evolving bacterial resistance to antibiotics, which requires adequate measures through the strengthening of the Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) program in Cameroon.

关键词： Klebsiella pneumoniae resistance Antibiotics Carbapenemase

Characterisation of resistance Potential to Biofilms Microbial Contaminating Thaumatococcus daniellii and Musa paradisiaca Leaves Used as Food Packaging

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2025年第1期16卷 180-194页

作者： Comoé Koffi Donatien Benie N’zebo Désiré Kouame Koua Atobla Yao Paul Attien Wako-Tianwa Alice Tuo Adjaratou Traore Noutenin Joelle Diarrassouba Adjehi Dadie Mireille Dosso Department of Biosciences Laboratory of Biotechnology Agriculture and Valorization of Biological Resources University of Flix Houphout Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Food Science and Technology Laboratory of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology (LMBM) University of Nangui-Abrogoua Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Bacteriology and Virology Institut Pasteur of Cte dIvoire (IPCI) Abidjan Cte dIvoire Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology Laboratory of Agrovalorisation University of Jean Lorougnon GUEDE Daloa Cte dIvoire Department of Medical Sciences University of Alassane Ouattara University Hospital Center (UHC) of Bouak Bouak Cte dIvoire

Despite their biodegradability and economic advantage, plant leaves used as packaging can constitute a public health problem. The aim of this study was to characterize the microbial diversity contaminating plant leaves used as food packaging. In total, two hundred and forty (240) samples composed of Thaumatococcus daniellii and Musa paradisiaca leaves were collected and analyzed. Microbial diversity was assessed using specific medium and biochemical tests. The resistance profile was determined by the Müeller-Hinton agar diffusion method. The resistance (blaSHV, blaIMP, blaTEM) and biofilm formation (pslA, pelA) genes were searched by PCR method. Plant leaves were contaminated by bacterial (68.7%) and fungal (100%) strains. Extreme bacterial (7.1 log10 cfu/cm2) and fungal (3.5 log10 cfu/cm2) loads were obtained on Thaumatococcus daniellii leaves. Bacterial prevalence was 45.1% (S. aureus), 38.8% (E. coli) and 16.1 (P. aeruginosa). In order of decreasing importance, the prevalence of fungal species was 41.1% (A. flavus), 33.1% (A. fumigattus), 13.7% (A. niger) and 12.1% Candida sp. resistance of E. coli to penicillins ranges from 31.6% to 87.3% and to cephalosporins from 13.3% to 28%. The P. aeruginosa strains were mainly resistant to aztreonam (87.6%). Those of S. aureus showed resistance to tetracycline (67.6), vancomycin (53), erythromycin (44.6) and levofloxacin (32.7). The blaSHV (14.28% to 18.60%) and blaIMP (9.52% to 16.28%) genes were detected in the bacterial strains. P. aeruginosa strains (19.05%) harbored the pslA and pelA genes. The health safety of these biodegradable plant-based packaging contributes to their valorization.

关键词： resistance Biofilm Genes Thaumatococcus daniellii Musa paradisiaca

Combined BRAF G469A mutation and echinoderm microtubule associated protein like-4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangement with resistance:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2025年第2期16卷 165-172页

作者： Xuan Guo Yan Liu Yu-Ting Wang Kan Liu Hui Ding Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Yixing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityYixing 214200Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Through deeper understanding of targetable driver mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)over the past years,some patients with driver mutations have benefited from the targeted molecular *** the anaplastic lymphoma kinase and BRAF mutations are not frequent subtypes in NSCLC,the availability of several targeted-drugs has been confirmed through a series of clinical *** little is clear about the proper strategy in rare BRAF G469A mutation,not to mention co-exhibition of anaplastic lymphoma kinase and BRAF G469A mutations,which is extremely rare in *** SUMMARY We present a patient to stage IVA lung adenocarcinoma with coexisting echinoderm microtubule associated protein like-4 rearrangement and BRAF G469A *** received several targeted drugs with unintended resistance and suffered from unbearable adverse *** Due to the rarity of co-mutations,the case not only enriches the limited literature on NSCLC harbouring BRAF G469A and echinoderm microtubule associated protein like-4 mutations,but also suggests the efficacy and safety of specific multiple-drug therapy in such patients.

关键词： Non-small-cell lung cancer Driver mutation Rearrangement resistance Case report

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resistance

英国医学杂志中文版 2019年第7期22卷 15-15页

作者： Kaustubh G Joshi University of South Carolina School of Medicine Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral ScienceColumbiaSouth Carolina USA

During my psychiatry residency,in an outpatient internal medicine clinic,I worked with a patient with hypertension and diabetes who was often non-adherent with *** I asked why he did not take his medications,he just said,"Okay doc,I will take them."He didn 't offer any reasons for his *** subsequent appointments he would tell me that he had not taken his medications.

关键词： resistance psychiatry residency outpatient

resistance Spot Welding Method for Metal-Based Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2015年第3期32卷 289-296页

作者：张涛韦朋余岳亚霖 China Ship Scientific Research Center

Aiming at the requirements of installation and work environment of metal-based fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensor,a resistance spot welding method is ***,the effect of welding parameters on welding quality is discussed theoretically,and a suitable resistance spot welding method for the metal-based FBG sensor is proposed for the first *** through serial resistance spot welding tests,the feasibility and practicability of the method are verified,and optimal welding parameters for two different tested metals are *** performance test validates FBG sensors installed by the proposed method with good fatigue properties and long-term stable measurement *** research results can provide technical guidance for engineering structure long-term safety monitoring.

关键词： fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensor resistance spot wel

resistance to Aspergillus flavus in maize and peanut:Molecular biology, breeding, environmental stress,and future perspectives

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The Crop Journal 2015年第3期3卷 229-237页

作者： Jake C.Fountain Pawan Khera Liming Yang Spurthi N.Nayak Brian T.Scully Robert D.Lee Zhi-Yuan Chen Robert C.Kemerait Rajeev K.Varshney Baozhu Guo Department of Plant Pathology University of Georgia Tifton GA USA International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Hyderabad Telangana India USDA-ARS Crop Protection and Management Research Unit Tifton GA USA Huaiyin Normal University School of Life Sciences USDA-ARS US Horticultural Laboratory Fort Pierce FL USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of Georgia Tifton GA USA Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA USA

The colonization of maize(Zea mays L.) and peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) by the fungal pathogen Aspergillus flavus results in the contamination of kernels with carcinogenic mycotoxins known as aflatoxins leading to economic losses and potential health threats to humans. The regulation of aflatoxin biosynthesis in various Aspergillus spp. has been extensively studied, and has been shown to be related to oxidative stress responses. Given that environmental stresses such as drought and heat stress result in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS) within host plant tissues, host-derived ROS may play an important role in cross-kingdom communication between host plants and A. flavus. Recent technological advances in plant breeding have provided the tools necessary to study and apply knowledge derived from metabolomic, proteomic, and transcriptomic studies in the context of productive breeding populations. Here, we review the current understanding of the potential roles of environmental stress, ROS, and aflatoxin in the interaction between *** and its host plants, and the current status in molecular breeding and marker discovery for resistance to A. flavus colonization and aflatoxin contamination in maize and peanut. We will also propose future directions and a working model for continuing research efforts linking environmental stress tolerance and aflatoxin contamination resistance in maize and peanut.

关键词： Host resistance Molecular breeding Aflatoxin contamination Reactive oxygen species ROS