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How Does the Government Facilitate the Co-Production of Digital public safety Services?——Based on Empirical Evidence from Shenzhen

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Social Sciences in China 2024年第2期45卷 113-134页

作者： Wu Xiaolin Zhou Enlai School of Government Nankai University

The application of big data technology provides support for the co-production of public safety *** research often focuses on how technology influences co-production,but lacks attention to the key actors that drive co-production and the mechanisms that facilitate *** study examines the role of government in the digital co-production of public safety services,using the practice of Shenzhen as a case *** has built 125 information systems based on over 100 billion pieces of big data,forming a model of digital safety service *** study reveals three types of digital co-production,characterized by"government-business joint planning,passive participation of businesses and the public,and active cooperation among government,businesses,and the public"in the"design-production-application"*** study shows that the government is not only a co-producer but also a proactive actor in activating the willingness of non-governmental entities to *** governments mobilize non-governmental participation through three mechanisms:empowerment,profit enhancement,and value ***"power-interest-value"paradigm is applicable for analyzing the co-production of public services and helps to explain the transformation mechanisms of co-production behavior.

关键词： public safety co-production smart emergency response digital public safety

Combining Micro Technologies and Unmanned Systems to Support public safety and Homeland Security

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2012年第10期6卷 1399-1404页

作者： Richard E. Baker Center for Unmanned Systems and Human Capital Development Indiana State University Indiana 4 7809 USA

Previously, the military establishment has been the primary developer and user of micro technologies associated with unmanned systems. As these technologies become available commercially, a need exists to integrate the use of the technology into local or regional public safety and homeland security incidents. The purpose of this presentation is to explain several key factors to consider when using micro technologies and unmanned systems in support of public safety and homeland security officials. Real time information is critical to the decision making process for public safety and homeland security officials to make assessments and quickly resolve crisis situations. Unmanned micro-vehicles and micro technologies are well suited to remotely observe, gather essential information, and immediately relay it to incident responders. These technologies can provide extremely important support during responses to hostage situations, hazardous environments, search and rescue, natural disasters, border patrol and many others. The true benefit is having remote resources providing real time support to incident responders. This paper discusses the use of several different types of micro-vehicle platforms in public safety scenarios and their use of associated technologies such as GPS （Global Positioning System） autopilot, communication, and sensor devices.

关键词： public safety first responders unmanned systems improved incident response

Should Audio and Video Recordings for public safety in a Ride-Sharing Vehicle Be Allowed?

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ChinAfrica 2018年第7期10卷 12-13页

Didi, China's largest Uber-like ride-hailing service provider, received a wave of negative pub-licity recently after a flight atten-dant taking a ride was murdered by the driver on May 5. The driver was later found having committed suicide. This incident has triggered far-reaching debate on the safety of mobile car-hailing and ride-sharing ser-vices and what can be done to ensure pas-senger safety.

关键词： Video Recordings public safety

Early smoke and flame detection based on transformer

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Journal of safety Science and Resilience 2023年第3期4卷 294-304页

作者： Xinzhi Wang Mengyue Li Mingke Gao Quanyi Liu Zhennan Li Luyao Kou School of Computer Engineering and Science Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China The 32nd Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Shanghai 201808China College of Civil Aviation safety Engineering Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan 618307China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Fire-detection technology plays a critical role in ensuring public safety and facilitating the development of smart *** fire detection is imperative to mitigate potential hazards and minimize associated ***,existing vision-based fire-detection methods exhibit limited generalizability and fail to adequately consider the effect of fire object size on detection *** address this issue,in this study a decoder-free fully transformer-based(DFFT)detector is used to achieve early smoke and flame detection,improving the detection performance for fires of different *** method effectively captures multi-level and multi-scale fire features with rich semantic information while using two powerful encoders to maintain the accuracy of the single-feature map ***,data augmentation is performed to enhance the generalizability of the ***,the detection-oriented transformer(DOT)backbone network is treated as a single-layer fire-feature extractor to obtain fire-related features on four scales,which are then fed into an encoder-only single-layer dense prediction ***,the prediction module aggregates the multi-scale fire features into a single feature map using a scale-aggregated encoder(SAE).The prediction module then aligns the classification and regression features using a task-aligned encoder(TAE)to ensure the semantic interaction of the classification and regression *** results on one private dataset and one public dataset demonstrate that the adopted DFFT possesses high detection accuracy and a strong generalizability for fires of different sizes,particularly early small *** DFFT achieved mean average precision(mAP)values of 87.40%and 81.12%for the two datasets,outperforming other baseline *** exhibits a better detection performance on flame objects than on smoke objects because of the prominence of flame features.

关键词： Early fire Smoke and flame detection Fire detection Vision transformer public safety

Human behaviour detection dataset (HBDset) using computer vision for evacuation safety and emergency management

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Journal of safety Science and Resilience 2024年第3期5卷 355-364页

作者： Yifei Ding Xinghao Chen Zilong Wang Yuxin Zhang Xinyan Huang Research Centre for Fire safety Engineering Department of Building Eviroment and Energy EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Departnent of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina

During emergency evacuation,it is crucial to accurately detect and classify different groups of evacuees based on their behaviours using computer *** object detection models trained on standard image databases often fail to recognise individuals in specific groups such as the elderly,disabled individuals and pregnant women,who require additional assistance during *** address this limitation,this study proposes a novel image dataset called the Human Behaviour Detection Dataset(HBDset),specifically collected and anno-tated for public safety and emergency response *** dataset contains eight types of human behaviour categories,*** normal adult,child,holding a crutch,holding a baby,using a wheelchair,pregnant woman,lugging luggage and using a mobile *** dataset comprises more than 1,5o0 images collected from various public scenarios,with more than 2,9oo bounding box *** images were carefully selected,cleaned and subsequently manually annotated using the Labellmg *** demonstrate the effectiveness of the dataset,classical object detection algorithms were trained and tested based on the HBDset,and the average detection accuracy exceeds 90%,highlighting the robustness and universality of the *** developed open HBDset has the potential to enhance public safety,provide early disaster warnings and prioritise the needs of vulnerable individuals during emergency evacuation.

关键词： Image dataset Object detection Human behaviour public safety Evacuation process

A Game-Theoretic Approach to Safe Crowd Evacuation in Emergencies

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1631-1657页

作者： Maria Gul Imran Ali Khan Gohar Zaman Atta Rahman Jamaluddin Mir Sardar Asad Ali Biabani May IssaAldossary Mustafa Youldash Ashraf Saadeldeen Maqsood Mahmud Asiya Abdus Salam Dania Alkhulaifi Abdullah AlTurkey31Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Science and Technology Unit Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Deanship of Scientific Research Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyOmdurman Islamic UniversityOmdurman14415Sudan Business Analytic Program Department of Management and MarketingCollege of Business AdministrationUniversity of BahrainSakhir32038Bahrain

Obstacle removal in crowd evacuation is critical to safety and the evacuation system efficiency. Recently, manyresearchers proposed game theoreticmodels to avoid and remove obstacles for crowd evacuation. Game theoreticalmodels aim to study and analyze the strategic behaviors of individuals within a crowd and their interactionsduring the evacuation. Game theoretical models have some limitations in the context of crowd evacuation. Thesemodels consider a group of individuals as homogeneous objects with the same goals, involve complex mathematicalformulation, and cannot model real-world scenarios such as panic, environmental information, crowds that movedynamically, etc. The proposed work presents a game theoretic model integrating an agent-based model to removethe obstacles from exits. The proposed model considered the parameters named: (1) obstacle size, length, andwidth, (2) removal time, (3) evacuation time, (4) crowd density, (5) obstacle identification, and (6) route *** proposed work conducts various experiments considering different conditions, such as obstacle types, obstacleremoval, and several obstacles. Evaluation results show the proposed model’s effectiveness compared with existingliterature in reducing the overall evacuation time, cell selection, and obstacle removal. The study is potentially usefulfor public safety situations such as emergency evacuations during disasters and calamities.

关键词： Safe crowd evacuation public safety emergency transition probability cooperation

Key Technology Research for Mobile Police Terminal Fingerprint Collection for Quick Comparison Using Automated Fingerprint Identification System

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2019年第1期5卷 57-60页

作者： Shengjun Sun Yaomin Gu Lan Wang Ping Gu Yuankai Li Department of Shanghai Police Station Science and Technology Research Management CenterShanghaiP.R.China Department of Shanghai Police College ShanghaiP.R.China

When the face of the inspected person and the photograph on their identification(ID)card cannot be clearly matched,the individual is undocumented,or the ID is forged,it is often difficult for the on‑site police to respond in *** study proposes a number of key technologies for collecting fingerprints at mobile terminals for fast comparison using an automated fingerprint ID system(AFIS).These technologies ensure intelligent mobile fingerprint collection and allow the transmission of fingerprint information from the terminal to AFIS,over a wireless public security network for real‑time fingerprint *** study also analyzes the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed technologies for system design and the applicability of fingerprint ID *** system achieved good results in a test by the Shanghai public Security Bureau Criminal Investigation Corps.

关键词： Automated fingerprint identification system fingerprint intelligent mobile terminal personal identification public safety system structure

Prospects for the Development and Application of the Earthquake Monitoring Network

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Earthquake Research in China 2007年第2期21卷 121-129页

作者： Jin Xing Li Shanyou Li Zuning Kang Lanchi Li Jun Institute of Engineering Mechanics CEA Harbin 150080 China Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China Nanjing University of Technology Nanjing 210009 China Earthquake Administration of Fujian Province Fuzhou 350003 China

With the rapid development of the economy in China, the seismic network has been changing rapidly, in that the capability of instruments, technological systems and network density are approaching those of developed countries and a large quantity of observation data has been accumulated. How to apply these resources to economic construction and public safety has become an important issue worth studying. In order to improve earthquake prediction and earthquake emergency response, it is suggested in this paper that extracting valuable precursor information, improving earthquake rapid reporting ability and extending rapid intensity reporting function are key issues. Integrating network resources, building unified standards and a multifunction seismic monitoring network are preconditions of establishing a public safety service platform and earthquake observation resources will contribute significantly to the fields of engineering, ocean, meteorology, and environmental protection. Thus, the future directions of the development of the seismic network are exploring monitoring resources, enhancing independent innovation, constructing a technological platform and enlarging the service field.

关键词： Earthquake monitoring network Monitoring resource public safety

Perceptions of People on Police Efficiency and Crime Prevention in Urban Areas in Malaysia

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Economics World 2016年第5期4卷 243-248页

作者： Suryati Ishak Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia

Crime cases from snatch thefts to murders, are becoming increasingly common in Malaysia according to the database of the Royal Malaysian Police （RMP）, the current overall Crime Index in Malaysia was 147,062 for 2013 compared with 65,237 in 1977. The database also revealed that the number of property crimes reported in this country has always exceeded the number of violent crimes. Although in 2013, crimes related to property are higher （117,687） than violent crime （29,375）, the gradual increase in the latter does worry Malaysians. Likewise, Malaysian Government had implemented a ＂safe community＂ concept, inspired by the Malaysian Crime Prevention Foundation （MCPF）, a non-government organization, as they were concerned that the threat of violent crime and non-violent crime would eventually reduce the quality of life for many individuals. The concept is very important to the public as it is perceived as improved safety for the public with less crime. This study analyzes the public safety through their perceptions on the effectiveness of the policeman and suggesting few prevention actions against crime. The data were collected using a self-administered survey questionnaire. Specifically, this study focuses on the more developed states in this country. From the cross tabulation analysis, the majority of respondents agreed that the police are effective in controlling crime. Approximately, 72.1% of respondents felt that the police are efficient in controlling crime.

关键词： crime crime prevention perceptions of people police efficiency public safety quality of life