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ECNU Review of Education 2019年第1期2卷 7-24页

作者： Junyan Liu East China Normal University China

Purpose:private supplementary tutoring has been increasingly used by parents as part of wider strategies to assist their children’s education careers in *** a theoretical lens of parentocracy,this article aimed to investigate the influential parental factors underlying the demand for private tutoring,focusing on parents’socioeconomic resources and attitudes toward ***/Approach/Methods:This article drew upon data from the 2014 iteration of the China Family Panel *** equation modeling(SEM)analysis was employed to explore the influences of parental ***:The SEM analysis confirmed that parental income,education,and aspirations on children’s education had both direct and indirect positive effects through the mediating factor of role construction on demand for tutoring.A multiple-group analysis was further conducted,and the difference in the patterns for urban and rural parents was *** occupation had no impact on demand for tutoring for rural parents but had both direct and indirect effects for urban *** direct and indirect effects of household income on demand for tutoring were greater for urban parents than for rural ***/Value:This article examined the direct and indirect influences of parental factors on demand for private tutoring and explored the differences in patterns for urban and rural parents in a quantitative *** have implications for education inequality.

关键词： Demand parentocracy private supplementary tutoring role construction socioeconomic resources

Review of Regulatory Policies on private supplementary tutoring in China

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ECNU Review of Education 2018年第3期1卷 143-153页

作者： Junyan Liu The University of Hong Kong

The present paper focuses on the regulations on private supplementary tutoring,which in China is widely called Xiaowai Peixun(校外培训).Although much previous international literature has mostly focused on tutoring in academic subjects,tutoring in non-academic ones such as piano and painting has become popular in China and is also seen as educational investment by *** fit this context,the present paper adopts a definition of private tutoring covering tutoring in both academic and non-academic subjects.

关键词： private supplementary tutoring policy regulation

Regulating private tutoring in China:Uniform Policies,Diverse Responses

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ECNU Review of Education 2019年第1期2卷 25-43页

作者： Wei Zhang East China Normal University China

Purpose:This article examines responses from the tutoring sector to Chinese national and local government regulations on private supplementary *** adds to the literature on policy enactment,showing the importance of context and noting the diversity of tutoring providers compared with ***/Approach/Methods:The article draws on semi-structured and informal interviews with 11 tutors,15 managers of tutoring enterprises,5 members and managers of professional organizations,5 government officials,5 school managers,5 teachers,and 20 *** from interviewees were triangulated with observations,news reports,blogs written by tutoring analysts,and ad hoc research by industrial ***:Policy enactment in the tutoring sector is even more complex than that for *** policies do not necessarily achieve the aspired ***/Value:The article adds to the literature not only in China but also *** highlights the importance of distinguishing between aspirations and realities in this *** also proposes conceptual considerations for regulating tutoring,given its diverse and fluid nature.

关键词： China policy enactment private supplementary tutoring shadow education

“They Would Do Just Fine Without Me”:Experiences of private tutoring in Denmark

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ECNU Review of Education 2021年第3期4卷 566-589页

作者： Lucas Cone Aarhus University

Purpose:Building on a qualitative case study of parents and tutors previously involved with a large commercial tutoring company,this article investigates experiences of private tutoring in ***/Approach/Methods:The case study centers around an affective analysis of eight interviews—three parents and five tutors—centering on why and how the interlocutors decided to hire services from or work for the tutoring ***:The article illustrates how the parents’and tutors’experiences of private tutoring are colored by a series of affective patterns that set the tone for how the parents and tutors make sense of and feel about the *** patterns are drawn forth which together sustain the“mood”in which the parents and tutors encounter the tutoring phenomenon:teacher intimacy,institutional professionalism,and ***/Value:The article provides an empirically grounded perspective on the stakes of commercializing education in spaces characterized by egalitarian ideals in education.

关键词： Affective patterns commercialization egalitarianism moods private supplementary tutoring shadow education

Shadow Education in Denmark:In the Light of the Danish History of Pedagogy and the Skepticism Toward Competition

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ECNU Review of Education 2021年第3期4卷 546-565页

作者： Sidse Hφlvig Mikkelsen David Thore Gravesen VIA University College

Purpose:This article investigates the role of private supplementary tutoring in Denmark in light of the country’s pedagogical traditions in schools and leisure ***/Approach/Methods:Although tutoring activities are increasing,the phenomenon is not as prevalent in Denmark as in many other *** this article,we look into the history of Danish pedagogy for answers as to why this is the *** the analytical sections of the article,we include research on parental values of child-rearing,as well as findings from a pilot study on Danish families purchasing private supplementary tutoring,the public debate about private tutoring,and contemporary youth ***:With a solid emphasis on democracy and equality in Danish pedagogy,the conditions for increasing private supplementary tutoring in Denmark have been ***,a current focus on global competition,formal competencies,and higher academic performance among children and young people suggests that providers of private tutoring perhaps face a brighter future—also in ***/Value:This article addresses a new field of qualitative research on private supplementary tutoring in Denmark and may be a platform for further reflection and empirical research.

关键词： Denmark parents'values performance culture private supplementary tutoring shadow education

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“双减”能消除学科类校外培训需求吗?

中国校外培训规范治理：统一的政策，多样的回应

中小学学校管理 2024年第2期

作者：刘钧燕

2021年7月以来，“双减”工作持续推进，校外培训经历了最严治理，意在减轻学生和家长负担。全国家长问卷调查显示部分家长依然坚持为孩子寻求学科类校外培训。访谈资料表明，课后看护型、日常辅导型等需求能被学校课后服务较好地吸纳... 详细信息

2021年7月以来，“双减”工作持续推进，校外培训经历了最严治理，意在减轻学生和家长负担。全国家长问卷调查显示部分家长依然坚持为孩子寻求学科类校外培训。访谈资料表明，课后看护型、日常辅导型等需求能被学校课后服务较好地吸纳；但“双减”对学生教育成长路径没有实质性影响，继续使用学科类校外培训是很多家长基于有限理性的决策，升学择校型、培养优势型、未来发展型等需求会长期存在。因供给锐减，被挤压出的培训需求部分转向了地下，培训价格上涨而品质难保证，部分家庭因需求被抑制而产生的不满情绪可能成为治理的阻力。为持续推进“双减”，学科类校外培训治理必须关照到需求侧：当前应正视合理的校外培训需求，指导家长理性选择和使用培训服务，并积极利用公共教育资源吸纳其部分需求；长远来看，想切实消减家长校外培训需求还是应着力促进义教校际均衡、推进中高考改革、提升职教吸引力。

关键词： “双减” 校外培训需求有限理性效用 "Double Reduction" policy private supplementary tutoring bounded rationality demand utility

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