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Design of Feedback Shift Register of Against power analysis Attack

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第2期58卷 517-527页

作者： Yongbin Zhao XuYang RanranLi School of Information Science and Technology Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuangChina

Stream ciphers based on linear feedback shift register(LFSR)are suitable for constrained environments,such as satellite communications,radio frequency identification devices tag,sensor networks and Internet of Things,due to its simple hardware structures,high speed encryption and lower power ***,as a cryptographic primitive,has been used to generate a maximum period *** the switching of the status bits is regular,the power consumption of the LFSR is correlated in a linear *** a result,the power consumption characteristics of stream cipher based on LFSR are vulnerable to leaking initialization vectors under the power *** this paper,a new design of LFSR against power attacks is *** power consumption characteristics of LFSR can be masked by using an additional LFSR and confused by adding a new filter Boolean function and a *** design method has been implemented easily by circuits in this new design in comparison with the others.

关键词： Stream cipher feedback shift register power analysis Boolean function

A Novel Method for power analysis Based on Combinational Logic in Block Cipher Circuit

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2014年第1期23卷 151-156页

作者： GUO Zheng GU Dawu YUAN Kan LIU Junrong HE Yuming School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Huahong Integrated Circuit Co. Ltd.

In this paper, we propose a method that builds power model template according to input transitions of combinatorial logic circuit. By computing its correlation with the overall power consumption of a cryptographic circuit, we are able to recover the secret key. Several simulation-based experiments have been conducted,which verifies the feasibility of our method and shows that the combinatorial logic is also faced with the problem of information leakage in power analysis cases. Compared with DPA(Differential power analysis) and CPA(Correlation power analysis), our attack is fairly effective against the cryptographic circuits whose protection is only implemented on the register parts of the sequential circuit. In addition, a few topics for further research, as well as the advices for more precise power model and countermeasures,are presented at the end of the paper.

关键词： Side channel attack power analysis Combinational logic Cryptographic circuits

A Combinational power analysis Method against Cryptographic Hardware

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China Communications 2015年第1期12卷 99-107页

作者： GUO Zheng GU Dawu LU Haining LIU Junrong XU Sen BAO Sigang GU Haihua School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai JiaoTong University Shanghai Viewsource Information Science & Technology Co. Ltd. Shanghai Huahong Integrated Circuit Co. Ltd.

power analysis is a non-invaslve attack against cryptographic hardware, which effectively exploits runtime power consumption characteristics of circuits. This paper proposes a new power model which combines Hamming Distance model and the model based on the template value of power consumption in combinational logic circuit. The new model can describe the power consumption characteristics of sequential logic circuits and those of combinational logic as well. The new model can be used to improve the existing power analysis methods and detect the information leakage of power consumption. Experimental results show that, compared to CPA（Correlation power analysis） method, our proposed attack which adopt the combinational model is more efficient in terms of the number of required power traces.

关键词： cryptographic hardware side channel attack power analysis combinational logic

A Standard Cell-Based Leakage power analysis Attack Countermeasure Using Symmetric Dual-Rail Logic

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2014年第2期19卷 169-172页

作者：朱念好周玉洁刘红明 School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University

Leakage power analysis(LPA) attacks aim at finding the secret key of a cryptographic device from measurements of its static(leakage) power. This novel power analysis attacks take advantage of the dependence of the leakage power of complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS) integrated circuits on the data they process. This paper proposes symmetric dual-rail logic(SDRL), a standard cell LPA attack countermeasure that theoretically resists the LPA attacks. The technique combines standard building blocks to make new compound standard cells, which are close to constant leakage power consumption. Experiment results show SDRL is a promising approach to implement an LPA-resistant crypto processor.

关键词： correlation power analysis cryptograph differential power analysis leakage power analysis(LPA) power analysis simple power analysis

Sample size and power analysis for stepped wedge cluster randomised trials with binary outcomes

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Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2021年第2期5卷 162-169页

作者： Jijia Wang Jing Cao Song Zhang Chul Ahn Department of Applied Clinical Research UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Department of Statistical Science Southern Methodist UniversityDallasTXUSA Department of Population and Data Sciences UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

In stepped wedge cluster randomised trials(SW-CRTs),clusters of subjects are randomly assigned to sequences,where they receive a specific order of *** to conventional cluster randomised studies,one unique feature of SW-CRTs is that all clusters start from control and gradually transition to intervention according to the randomly assigned *** feature mitigates the ethical concern of withholding an effective treatment and reduces the logistic burden of implementing the intervention at multiple clusters *** feature,however,presents challenges that need to be addressed in experimental design and data analysis,i.e.,missing data due to prolonged follow-up and complicated correlation structures that involve between-subject and longitudinal *** this study,based on the generalised estimating equation(GEE)approach,we present a closed-form sample size formula for SW-CRTs with a binary outcome,which offers great flexibility to account for unbalanced randomisation,missing data,and arbitrary correlation *** also present a correction approach to address the issue of under-estimated variance by GEE estimator when the sample size is *** studies and application to a real clinical trial are presented.

关键词： Stepped wedge GEE clinical trials power analysis sample size

Multi-user rate and power analysis in a cognitive radio network with massive multi-input multi-output

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018年第5期19卷 674-684页

作者： Shang LIU Ishtiaq AHMAD Ping ZHANG Zhi ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Department of Electrical Engineering University of Lahore

This paper discusses transmission performance and power allocation strategies in an underlay cognitive radio （CR） network that contains relay and massive multi-input multi-output （MIMO）. The downlink transmission performance of a relay-aided massive MIMO network without CR is derived. By using the power distribution criteria, the kth user＇s asymptotic signal to interference and noise ratio （SINR） is independent of fast fading. When the ratio between the base station （BS） antennas and the relay antennas becomes large enough, the transmission performance of the whole system is independent of BS-to-relay channel parameters and relates only to the relay-to-users stage. Then cognitive transmission performances of primary users （PUs） and secondary users （SUs） in an underlay CR network with massive MIMO are derived under perfect and imperfect channel state information （CSI）, including the end-to-end SINR and achievable sum rate. When the numbers of primary base station （PBS） antennas, secondary base station （SBS） antennas, and relay antennas become infinite, the asymptotic SINR of the kth PU and SU is independent of fast fading. The interference between the primary network and secondary network can be canceled *** performance does not include the interference temperature. The secondary network can use its peak power to transmit signals without causing any interference to the primary network. Interestingly, when the antenna ratio becomes large enough, the asymptotic sum rate equals half of the rate of a single-hop single-antenna K-user system without fast fading. Next, the PUs＇ utility function is defined. The optimal relay power is derived to maximize the utility function. The numerical results verify our analysis. The relationships between the transmission rate and the antenna nunber, relay power, and antenna ratio are simulated. We show that the massive MIMO with linear pre-coding can mitigate asymptotically the interference in a multi-user underl

关键词： Massive multi-input multi-output Cognitive radio Relay network Tiansmission rate power analysis

The Statistical power of Inclusive Composite Interval Mapping in Detecting Digenic Epistasis Showing Common F_2 Segregation Ratios

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第4期54卷 270-279页

作者： Luyan Zhang Huihui Li Jiankang Wang Institute of Crop Sciences The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvementand CIMMYT ChinaChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Epistasis is a commonly observed genetic phenomenon and an important source of variation of complex traits, which could maintain additive variance and therefore assure the long-term genetic gain in breeding. Inclusive composite interval mapping （ICIM） is able to identify epistatic quantitative trait loci （QTLs） no matter whether the two interacting QTLs have any additive effects. In this article, we conducted a simulation study to evaluate detection power and false discovery rate （FDR） of ICIM epistatic mapping, by considering F2 and doubled haploid （DH） populations, different F2 segregation ratios and population sizes. Results indicated that estimations of QTL locations and effects were unbiased, and the detection power of epistatic mapping was largely affected by population size, heritability of epistasis, and the amount and distribution of genetic effects. When the same likelihood of odd （LOD） threshold was used, detection power of QTL was higher in F2 population than power in DH population; meanwhile FDR in F2 was also higher than that in DH. The increase of marker density from 10 cM to 5 cM led to similar detection power but higher FDR. In simulated populations, ICIM achieved better mapping results than multiple interval mapping （MIM） in estimation of QTL positions and effect. At the end, we gave epistatic mapping results of ICIM in one actual population in rice （Oryza sativa L.）.

关键词： Epistasis false discovery rate inclusive composite interval mapping power analysis simulation study.

A Novel Masking Scheme for SM3 Based MAC

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China Communications 2015年第6期12卷 11-21页

作者： QU Kaige WU Liji WANG An REN Yanting ZHANG Xiangmin Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology(TNList) Tsinghua University Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University

The Chinese hash algorithm SM3 is verified to be secure enough,but improper hardware implementation may lead to leakage.A masking scheme for SM3 algorithm is proposed to ensure the security of SM3 based Message Authentication Code(MAC).Our scheme was implemented in hardware,which utilizes hardware oriented secure conversion techniques between boolean and arithmetic *** evaluation based on SAKURA-G FPGA board has been done with 2000 power traces from 2000 random plaintexts with random plaintext masks and random key *** has been verified that the masked SM3 hardware implementation shows no intermediate value leakage as *** masked SM3 hardware can resist first-order correlation power attack(CPA) and collision correlation attack.

关键词： SM3 algorithm masking scheme hardware implementation power analysis boolean and arithmetic masking conversion

A Unified Method Based on SPA and Timing Attacks on the Improved RSA

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China Communications 2016年第4期13卷 89-96页

作者： JIA Fan XIE Di Beijing Jiaotong University China Information Technology & Security Test and Evaluation Center Beijing China

Nowadays the modular multiplications in many kinds of smartcards are utilized Montgomery's algorithm modular multiplier, so traditional SPA to RSA becomes invalid. An improved attack method is proposed based on SPA which just depends on the fact that there exist some subtle differences in each loop during the operation of cd mod n. At same time, compared with the traditional SPA, it doesn't need to select the clear text or some known message. Using this method, attacks can easy to discover the mode of RSA implementation and extract the bits of decryption key just based on a few collected traces. From the real attack test on several main kinds of smartcard, the private keys of RSA stored inside can be analyzed successfully.

关键词： power analysis SPA RSA attack SCA