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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第2期24卷 335-342页

作者： Lifei Zhang Liang Dong Lijun Ren Shuangxin Shi Li Zhou Ting Zhang Yeru Huang State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Dioxin Pollution Control National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement Beijing 100029 China

The pollution from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） and phthalic acid esters（PAEs） in the surface water of the rapidly urbanized Yangtze River Delta region was investigated.Fourteen surface water samples were collected in June 2010.Water samples were liquid-liquid extracted using methylene chloride and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Concentrations of PAHs and PAEs ranged 12.9-638.1 ng/L and 61-28550 ng/L,respectively.Fluoranthene,naphthalene,pyrene,phenanthrene,di-2ethylhexyl phthalate,and di-n-butyl phthalate were the most abundant compounds in the samples.The water samples were moderately polluted with benzo[a]pyrene according to China＇s environmental quality standard for surface water.The two highest concentrations of PAHs and PAEs occurred in samples from Taihu Lake,Wuxi City and the western section of Yangchenghu Lake.Potential sources of pollution at S7 were petroleum combustion and the plastics industry,and at Yangchenghu Lake were petroleum combustion and domestic waste.Pollution in samples from the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal originated from diesel engines.There were no obvious sources of pollution for the other water samples.These results can be used as reference levels for future monitoring programs of pollution from PAHs and PAEs.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phthalic acid esters Yangtze River Delta surface water

Abiotic degradation of four phthalic acid esters in aqueous phase under natural sunlight irradiation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第3期21卷 285-290页

作者： Ruttapol Lertsirisopon Satoshi Soda Kazunari Sei Michihiko Ike Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-okaSuita 565-0871 Osaka Japan

Abiotic degradability of four phthalic acid esters （PAEs） in the aquatic phase was evaluated over a wide pH range 5-9. The PAE solutions in glass test tubes were placed either in the dark and under the natural sunlight irradiation for evaluating the degradation rate via hydrolysis or photolysis plus hydrolysis, respectively, at ambient temperature for 140 d from autumn to winter in Osaka, Japan. The efficiency of abiotic degradation of the PAEs with relatively short alkyl chains, such as butylbenzyl phthalate （BBP） and di-nbutyl phthalate （DBP）, at neutral pH was significantly lower than that in the acidic or alkaline condition. Photolysis was considered to contribute mainly to the total abiotic degradation at all pH. Neither hydrolysis nor photolysis of di-ethylhexyl phthalate （DEHP） proceeded significantly at any pH, especially hydrolysis at neutral pH was negligible. On the other hand, the degradation rate of di- isononyl phthalate （DINP） catalyzed mainly by photolysis was much higher than those of the other PAEs, and was almost completely removed during the experimental period at pH 5 and 9. As a whole, according to the half-life （t1/2） obtained in the experiments, the abiotic degradability of the PAEs was in the sequence： DINP （32-140 d）〉 DBP （50-360 d）, BBP （58-480 d）〉 DEHP （390-1600 d） under sunlight irradiation （via photolysis plus hydrolysis）. Although the abiotic degradation rates for BBP, DBP, and DEHP are much lower than the biodegradation rates reported, the photolysis rate for DINP is comparable to its biodegradation rate in the acidic or alkaline condition.

关键词： phthalic acid esters abiotic degradation photolysis hydrolysis first-order kinetics

Biodegradability of four phthalic acid esters under anaerobic condition assessed using natural sediment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第4期18卷 793-796页

作者： Ruttapol Lertsirisopon Satoshi Soda Kazunari Sei Michihiko Ike Masanori Fuj ita Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka Suita Osaka Japan.

Biodegradability of di-n-butyl phthalate （DBP）, butylbenzyl phthalate （BBP）, di-ethylhexyl phthalate （DEHP）, and di-isononyl phthalate （DINP） under an anaerobic condition was evaluated using three natural sediment microcosms obtained from ponds in Osaka, which had not been significantly polluted by the chemicals. The degradabilities of the four phthalic acid esters（PAEs） were analyzed by a first-order kinetic model with a lag phase and ranked as DBP〉BBP〉〉DEHP〉DINP. The PAEs with shorter alkyl-chains, DBP and BBP, were degraded with quite short lag phases near to zero and short half-lives of a few days. The PAEs with longer alkyl-chains, DEHP and DINP, were degraded with lag phases of 5-30 d and the quite long half-lives of a couple of hundred days. Although no data was available on the anaerobic biodegradability of D1NP before this study, it was clarified that DINP can be degraded with slow degradation rates. The fact that all the three intact sediments were capable of biodegradation of the PAEs suggests that potential of anaerobic biodegradation of PAEs is widespread in the aquatic environment.

关键词： phthalic acid esters anaerobic biodegradation sediment first-order kinetics

QSPR Analysis of the Physicochemical Properties for phthalic acid esters

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2013年第12期32卷 1880-1884页

作者： XU Hui-Ying SHU Tian-Ge WANG Wei ZHU Jian-Qing LU Yin XU Xiao-Lu WU Gang College of Biology & Environment Engineering Zhejiang Shuren University Zhenhai Environmental Monitoring Station Department of Basic Courses Zhejiang Shuren University Shaoxing University

Based on quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） of organic compounds, the molecular connectivity indices of 21 phthalic acid ester compounds were extracted. Relationship between the physicochemical properties （n-octanol/air partition coefficient, vapor pressure, water solubility） and the molecular connectivity indices of phthalic acid ester compounds have been established by multiple linear regression （MLR） method. The results showed that the zero-order valence connectivity index （0Xu） is the topology parameter which affects octanol/water partition coefficient and water solubility, and the topology parameter which affects vapor pressure is the first-order connectivity index （1X）. This indicated to a certain extent_that the molecular connectivity indices can be well used to express the quantitative relationship between the physicochemical properties and structure descriptions of phthalic acid ester compounds. The models constructed have good robustness and highly predictive capability.

关键词： phthalic acid esters molecular connectivity index,physicochemical property QSPR

A new procedure combining GC-MS with accelerated solvent extraction for the analysis of phthalic acid esters in contaminated soils

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 31-42页

作者： Tingting MA Ying TENG Peter CHRISTIE Yongming LUO Yongshan CHEN Mao YE Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Newforge Lane Belfast BT9 5PX United Kingdom State key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution control (Jomt) Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

An optimized procedure based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) combined with accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) is developed for the analysis of six phthalic acid esters (PAEs), which are priority soil pollutants nominated by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Quantification of PAEs in soil employs ultrasonic extraction (UE) (USEPA 3550) and ASE (USEPA 3545), followed by clean up procedures involving three different chromatography columns and two combined elution methods. GC-MS conditions under selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode are described and quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) criteria with high accuracy and sensitivity for target analytes were achieved. Method reliability is assured with the use of an isotopically labeled PAE, di- -butyl phthalate-d4 (DnBP-D4), as a surrogate, and benzyl benzoate (BB) as an internal standard, and with the analysis of certified reference materials (CRM). QA/QC for the developed procedure was tested in four PAE-spiked soils and one PAE-contaminated soil. The four spiked soils were originated from typical Chinese agricultural fields and the contaminated soil was obtained from an electronic waste dismantling area. Instrument detection limits (IDLs) for the six PAEs ranged 0.10–0.31 μg·L and method detection limits (MDLs) of the four spiked soils varied from a range of 20–70 μg·kg to a range of 90– 290 μg·kg . Linearity of response between 20 μg·L and 2 mg·L was also established and the correlation coefficients ( ) were all>0.998. Spiked soil matrix showed relative recovery rates between 75 and 120% for the six target compounds and about 93% for the surrogate substance. The developed procedure is anticipated to be highly applicable for field surveys of soil PAE pollution in China.

关键词： phthalic acid esters quality assurance and quality control soil type accelerated solvent extraction certified reference materials

Adsorption of phthalic acid esters by Humic acid and Its Research Progress

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2023年第4期14卷 63-66页

作者： Ying LI Xiuqin KONG Dongxia LUO Yinghai LUO Tong CHEN Fengyu WANG Huaxiu XING Fuqiang LI Miantao LEI School of Petrochemical Engineering Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China

Humic acid is rich in highly electronegative oxygen-containing organic functional groups,so it has high reactivity and can adsorb phthalic acid ester(PAEs)in the environment to reduce the risk of environmental pollution from PAEs.In this paper,the extraction,characterization and adsorption models of humic acid were reviewed,and the research status of adsorption of PAEs by humic acid was further summarized.Based on these,the feasibility and observable application prospect of humic acid as a cheap adsorbent were analyzed.

关键词： Humic acid Extraction Characterization phthalic acid esters Adsorption

Resource utilization of typical biomass wastes as biochars in removing plasticizer diethyl phthalate from water: characterization and adsorption mechanisms

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第1期17卷 49-61页

作者： Mei Shi Xiao Wang Mengying Shao Lun Lu Habib Ullah Hao Zheng Fengmin Li Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control College of Environmental Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology(Ministry of Education)Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510655China Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China Sanya Oceanographic Institution Ocean University of ChinaSanya 572000China

Plastic pollution as a global environmental issue has become a research hotspot,among which the removal of inherent plasticizer(e.g.,phthalic acid esters,PAEs)received increasing attention.However,the effects of biochars derived from different feedstocks on the adsorption of PAEs are poorly understood.Thus,the characteristics of biochars derived from six largely produced biomass wastes in China at 400°C,as well as their performance in adsorption of diethyl phthalate(DEP),one of frequently detected PAEs in aqueous environment,were investigated.The results indicated that the variation in feedstock type showed significant changes in the properties(e.g.,porosity,specific surface area,surface functional groups)of biochars,which affected DEP adsorption and desorption.Pseudosecond order and Freundlich models fitted the adsorption data well,and adsorption mechanisms mainly included hydrophobic effect,followed by micropore filling,hydrogen bonding,andπ-πEDA interactions.Adsorption thermodynamics revealed that the adsorption was a spontaneous and exothermic the adsorption capacities of DEP on these biochars slightly decreased with the increasing pH but increased with the increasing ionic strength.Among these biochars,the giant reed biochar with relatively higher DEP adsorption and low desorption exhibited the great efficiency for DEP removal as an environment-friendly sorbent.These results highlighted the significant roles of micropore filling and hydrogen bond in determining adsorption capacity of designed biochars prepared from selecting suitable agricultural straws and wetland plant waste to typical plasticizer.The findings are useful for producing designed biochars from different biomass wastes for plasticizer pollution control.

关键词： Plastic pollution phthalic acid esters Designed biochar Wetland plant Adsorption

Ultrasonic wave extraction and simultaneous analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalic esters in soil

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2017年第3期5卷 249-253页

作者： ZHANG Yong-tao ZHAO Guo-xing LIU Jing-shang ZHANG Li LI Xiao-ya GUI Jian-ye ZHANG Chen-ling Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 050061 Shijiazhuang China Shijiazhuang Geological Brigade 050085 Shijiazhuang China.

A method is developed for detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and phthalic acid esters(PAEs) in soil samples. Ultrasonic Wave Extraction under airtight circumstances is adopted to extract the analytes in soil samples with n-hexane–acetone(V:V=1:1) as extraction solvent. This method has several advantages, including high extraction efficiency, short time, convenience and simplicity. It can be used to detect polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and phthalic acid esters(PAEs) in soil.

关键词： Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons phthalic acid esters Ultrasonic assistant extraction technique