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Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed the distribution of saponins in panax notoginseng

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2018年第3期8卷 458-465页

作者： Guangfei Wei Linlin Dong Juan Yang Lianjuan Zhang Jiang Xu Feng Yang Ruiyang Cheng Ran Xu Shilin Chen Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

panax notoginseng is famous for its important therapeutic effects. Saponins are bioactive compounds found in different parts and developmental stages of P. notoginseng plants. Thus, it is urgently to study saponins distribution in different parts and growth ages of P. notoginseng plants. In this study,potential biomarkers were found, and their chemical characteristic differences were revealed through metabolomic analysis. High-performance liquid chromatography data indicated the higher content of saponins(i.e., Rg1, Re, Rd, and Rb1) in the underground parts than that in the aerial parts. 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol saponins were mainly distributed in the aerial parts. Additionally, the total saponin content in the 3-year-old P. notoginseng plant(188.0 mg/g) was 1.4-fold higher than that in 2-year-old plant(130.5 mg/g). The transcriptomic analysis indicated the tissue-specific transcription expression of genes, namely, PnFPS, PnSS, PnSE1, PnSE2, and PnDS, which encoded critical synthases in saponin biosyntheses. These genes showed similar expression patterns among the parts of P. notoginseng *** expression levels of these genes in the flowers and leaves were 5.2 fold higher than that in the roots and fibrils. These results suggested that saponins might be actively synthesized in the aerial parts and transformed to the underground parts. This study provides insights into the chemical and genetic characteristics of P. notoginseng to facilitate the synthesis of its secondary metabolites and a scientific basis for appropriate collection and rational use of this plant.

关键词： panax notoginseng Saponin Growth years Metabolomic analyses Gene expression

Effects of panax notoginseng saponins on vascular endothelial cells in vitro

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2000年第12期21卷 46-50页

作者：关超然关加华 1200 Main street West Canada Faculty of Health Sciences Hamilton McMaster University Ontario L8N 3Z5 Smooth Muscle Research Program and Department of Medicine

AIM: To investigate the inhibition of endothelium-de-pendent in vitro vascular relaxation induced by the total saponins (gensenosides) from panax notoginseng (PNS) and the effect of PNS on the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration on cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. METHODS: The endothelial-dependent vascular relaxation was assessed using acetylcholine (ACh) or cyclopi-azonic acid (CPA) induced relaxation in endothelium-intact rat aorta. Cytosolic Ca2+ level was assessed in real time using dynamic digital fluorescence ratio imaging. RESULTS: In addition to its direct relaxation of the smooth muscle cells at high concentrations, PNS, at 100 mg/L having little effect on smooth muscle, caused a marked inhibition of endothelium-dependent relaxation brought about by PNS. This inhibitory effect was due to its inhibition of elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ , which is required for the activation of NO generation and release from the vascular endothelial cells. Nifedipine has no effect on either the endothe

关键词： panax notoginseng saponins vascular endothelium smooth muscle relaxation

Allelochemicals of panax notoginseng and their effects on various plants and rhizosphere microorganisms

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Plant Diversity 2020年第5期42卷 323-333页

作者： Yi-Jun Qiao Cheng-Zhen Gu Hong-Tao Zhu Dong Wang Meng-Yue Zhang Yi-Xuan Zhang Chong-Ren Yang Ying-Jun Zhang State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650204China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou350002China School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyang110016China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China

panax notoginseng(Araliaceae)is an important ginseng herb with various health benefits and a history of cultivation in southwestern China over 400 *** recent years?.notoginseng has faced serious continuous-cropping obstacles due to its large-scale *** this study,we aim to explore the allelochemicals of *** and their interactions with various plants and rhizosphere *** chemical constituents of the soil cultivated with 3-year-old *** were studied by column chromatography,spectroscopic and GC-MS *** identified 13 volatile components and isolated six triterpenes(1-4,6-7)and one anthraquinone(5).Compounds 1-7 were tested for their effects on seed germination and root elongation in ***,corn,wheat,turnip,water spinach and Arabidopsis *** also examined the effect of compounds 1-7on the growth of ten rhizosphere microorganisms of *** a concentration of 1.0 ug mL',compounds 3 and 5-7 caused the death of *** root cells and compounds 2,6 and 7 induced the death of root cells of *** 1-5and 7 inhibited elongation of *** root tip cells at a concentration of 10.0μg mL^-***,at a concentration of 0.1 mg mL^-1,compounds 3,4,6 and 7 inhibited the growth of probiotics and promoted the growth of pathogens of *** results suggest that these isolated ursane-type triterpenoid acids and anthraquinone are potential allelochemicals that contribute to continuous-cropping obstacles of ***.

关键词： panax notoginseng Continuous cropping obstacle Allelochemical Triterpenes Anthraquinone

High-throughput transcriptional profiling of perturbations by panax ginseng saponins and panax notoginseng saponins using TCM-seq

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第4期13卷 376-387页

作者： Junyun Cheng Jie Chen Jie Liao Tianhao Wang Xin Shao Jinbo Long Penghui Yang Anyao Li Zheng Wang Xiaoyan Lu Xiaohui Fan Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Future Health Laboratory Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxingZhejiang314100China State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100005China Innovation Center in Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese MedicineHangzhou310058China Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University JinhuaZhejiang321016China

panax ginseng(PG)and panax notoginseng(PN)are highly valuable Chinese medicines(CM).Although both CMs have similar active constituents,their clinical applications are clearly *** the past decade,RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)analysis has been employed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of extracts or ***,owing to the limited number of samples in standard RNA-seq,few studies have systematically compared the effects of PG and PN spanning multiple conditions at the transcriptomic ***,we developed an approach that simultaneously profiles transcriptome changes for multiplexed samples using RNA-seq(TCM-seq),a high-throughput,low-cost workflow to molecularly evaluate CM perturbations.A species-mixing experiment was conducted to illustrate the accuracy of sample multiplexing in *** from repeated samples were used to verify the robustness of *** then focused on the primary active components,panax notoginseng saponins(PNS)and panax ginseng saponins(PGS)extracted from PN and PG,*** also characterized the transcriptome changes of 10 cell lines,treated with four different doses of PNS and PGS,using TCM-seq to compare the differences in their perturbing effects on genes,functional pathways,gene modules,and molecular *** results of transcriptional data analysis showed that the transcriptional patterns of various cell lines were significantly *** exhibited a stronger regulatory effect on genes involved in cardiovascular disease,whereas PNS resulted in a greater coagulation effect on vascular endothelial *** study proposes a paradigm to comprehensively explore the differences in mechanisms of action between CMs based on transcriptome readouts.

关键词： panax ginseng panax notoginseng Sample multiplexing RNA sequencing

Protective effects of trilinolein extracted from panax notoginseng against cardiovascular disease

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2002年第12期23卷 104-109页

作者： Paul CHAN,G Neil THOMAS,Brian TOMLINSON Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Taipei Medical College Affiliated Taipei Wan Fang Hospital Taipei China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT Hong Kong SAR China Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Shatin NT Hong Kong SAR China

Trilinolein is a triacylglycerol purified from a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine panax notoginseng. Trilinolein has been reported to provide a number of beneficial effects including reducing thrombogenicity and arrhythmias and increasing erythrocyte deformability. Additionally, trilinolein has been reported to be an antioxidant, which can counteract free radical damage associated with atherogenesis, and myocardial damage seen with is-chaemia and reperfusion. These pharmacologic effects may explain the perceived benefits derived from treating circulatory disorders with the herb over the centuries.

关键词： antioxidants cardiovascular system Chinese traditional medicine trilinolein panax notoginseng

Chemical profiles and anticancer effects of saponin fractions of different polarity from the leaves of panax notoginseng

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2014年第1期12卷 30-37页

作者： MAO Qian LI Yi LI Song-Lin YANG Jie ZHANG Ping-Hu WANG Qiang Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Metabolomics Jiangsu Branch of China Academy of Chinese Medical Science Nanjing Normal University Center for Analysis and Testing Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210009 China State Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 China Jiangsu Center for New Drug Screening & National New Drug Screening Laboratory China Pharmaceutical University

AIM： To evaluate the chemical profiles and cytotoxic effects among the total saponin fraction （TSF）, 25% ethanol fraction （25EF）, 50% ethanol fraction （50EF）, and 85% ethanol fraction （85EF） prepared by macroporous resin from the leaves of panax notoginseng. METHOD： The simultaneous determination of thirteen main saponins, as well as the chemical profiles of saponin fractions of different polarity, was made by HPLC-DAD and LC-ESI-MSn analysis. The cytotoxic effects were determined against KP4 cells （human pancreatic cancer）, NCI-H727 ceils （human lung cancer）, HepG2 cells （human hepatocellular cancer）, and SGC-7901 cells （human gastric adenocarcinoma）. RESULTS： Chemical analysis indicated that 85EF possessed the most abundant cytotoxic protopanaxadiol saponins, including the marker saponins F2, 20（R）-Rg3, 20（S）-Rg3, and Rh2. The MTT assay showed that 85EF also had the strongest cytotoxic effects among the four fractions. 25EF showed no anti-proliferative effects, while 50EF and TSF exhibited weak anti-proliferative activity. CONCLUSION： From the aspect of comprehensive utilization of resources, 85EF, enriched with low polarity PPD group saponins, is a new alternative source of anticancer saponins, and a promising botanical preparation for further anticancer studies.

关键词： panax notoginseng Leaf material Saponin Chemical profile Cytotoxic effects

A Novel Hexanordammarane Glycoside from the Roots of panax notoginseng

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第1期12卷 59-62页

作者： Hai Zhou LI Rong Wei TENG Chong Ren YANG Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204

Notoginsenoside R-111, a novel hexanordammarane glycoside was isolated from the roots of panax nototginseng, as a minor constituent. Its structure was determined as 6-O-(beta -D-glucopyranosyl)-3 beta ,6 alpha ,12 bet... 详细信息

关键词： notoginsenoside R-10 nortriterpenoid saponin panax notoginseng

Two New Dammarane Glycosides from the Acid Hydrolysis Product of panax notoginseng

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2001年第3期12卷 239-242页

作者： Rong Wei TENG Hai Zhou LI Xue Mei ZHANG Xi Kui LIU De Zu WANG Chong Ren YANG Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204

Two new dammarane glycosides named notoginsenoside T-1 and T-2 were isolated from the mild acid hydrolysis products of the root saponins of panax notoginseng. On the basis of spectroscopic evidences, their structures were elucidated to be 6-O-beta -D-glucopyranosyl-24(25)-epoxy-3 beta ,6 alpha ,12 beta ,23 xi -tetrahydroxydammar-20(22)(E)-ene 1 and 6-O-beta -D-glucopyranosyl-24(25)-epoxy-23 xi -methoxyl-3 beta ,6 alpha ,12 beta -trihydroxydamm-ar-20(22)(E)-ene 2, respectively.

关键词： panax notoginseng dammarane glycosides notoginsenoside T1 T2.

Design and experiment of the soil-covering and soil-compacting device for seedling raising and sowing of trough type panax notoginseng

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第5期16卷 113-122页

作者： Wencai Yang Wang Pu Lulu Xu Ziyuan Tian Jing Zhao Yijie Zhang Zhenjie Yang College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Agricultural and rural Bureau Southwest Guizhou 562499China

In order to improve the seedling quality of panax notoginseng,combined with the special agronomic requirements of panax notoginseng,a sharp angle roller soil-covering and soil-compacting device integrating the functions of soil-covering and soil-compacting was *** on the theoretical analysis of seed ditch conditions,soil-covering process and soilcompacting process,the structure of soil-covering and soil-compacting device was *** theoretical analysis and calculation,the diameter and length of soil-covering and soil-compacting wheel were 20 cm and 10.7-14.1 cm,respectively,the sharp angle and height range were 45°-105°and 0.8-1.6 cm respectively,and the spring stiffness was 38.54 N/mm;Using the discrete element method to simulate the soil-covering and soil-compacting process,it was obtained that when the sharp angle range was 60°-90°,the sharp angle height range was 0.8-1.2 cm,and the soil-covering effect was better;Taking the forward speed,ballast pressure,sharp angle and sharp angle height of the planter as the test factors,and taking the soil-covering thickness,grain spacing and soil compactness as the indexes,the four factor and three-level Box-Behnken Design test was carried *** response surface test analysis method was used to establish the regression equation between the factors and indexes,and determine the best parameter combination:the forward speed was 6.5 m/min,the ballast pressure was 360.5 N,the sharp angle was 67°,and the sharp angle height was 1 cm,at this time,the soil-covering thickness was 0.64 cm,the grain spacing was 5.03 cm,and the soil compactness was 321.77 *** to the soil trough test,the design of soil-covering and soil-compacting device met the agronomic requirements of plant spacing,soil-compactness and soil-covering thickness during seedling sowing of panax *** research results can provide a reference for the design of panax notoginseng seedling planter integrating pressing hole(ditching),so

关键词： panax notoginseng trough type seedling raising and sowing soil-covering and soil-compacting EDEM test