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Effect of Different Vegetable Oils (Red palm Olein, palm Olein, Corn Oil and Coconut Oil) on Lipid Profile in Rat

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第4期2卷 253-258页

作者： Eqbal Dauqan Halimah Abdullah Sani Aminah Abdullah Zalifah Mohd Kasim 不详

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of different vegetable oils [red palm olein (RPO), palm olein (PO), corn oil (CO) and coconut oil (COC)] on lipid profile in rat. Sixty six Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into eleven groups of 6 rats per group and were treated with 15% concentrations of RPO, PO, CO and COC for 4 and 8 weeks. Rats in control group were given normal rat pellet only while in treated groups 15% of additional vegetable oils were given. The results at 4 weeks showed a decline in Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) values at RPO and PO groups whereas in CO and COC groups the LDL-C were increased compared to the control group. The High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) values increased in RPO and PO groups whereas it was declined in CO and COC groups compared to the control group. At 8 weeks, there was no significant difference (P ≥ 0.05) in HDL-C of rats treated with vegetable oils compared to the control group. However, the LDL-C in RPO and PO was significantly decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in the LDL-C and there was no significant difference (P≥0.05) for CO and COC groups compared to the control groups. The mean value of the LDL-C after 8 weeks in the control group, RPO, PO, CO, and COC groups were 66.1 mg/dl, 31.9 mg/dl, 41.1 mg/dl, 50.41 mg/dl and 54.31 mg/dl respectively. There was significant decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in the total cholesterol (TC) in RPO group for 4 weeks compared to the control group while the TC in PO, CO and COC were within the normal range. The results of TC in all treated rats for 8 weeks were within the normal range. There was no significant difference in TC of rats treated with vegetable oils compared to the control group. Triglycerides (TG) in all treated rats for 4 weeks were within the normal range whereas the TG in RPO, PO and CO groups for 8 weeks were significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) compared to the control group but there was no significant difference between the control group and COC

关键词： Red palm Olein palm Olein Corn Oil Coconut Oil Total Cholesterol Triglyceride High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Effects of Mixing Canola and palm Oils with Sunflower Oil on the Formation of Trans Fatty Acids during Frying

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2010年第1期1卷 24-29页

作者： Radwan S. Farag Magdy A. S. El-Agaimy Bothaina S. Abd El Hakeem 不详

GLC analysis was conducted to indicate the formation of trans- C18 fatty acids of sunflower, canola and palm oils during frying. Blends of sunflower oil and palm oil or canola oil were obtained by mixing sunflower oil with palm or canola oils at the volume ratios of 60: 40, 40: 60 and 20: 80 (v/v), then heated at 180?C ± 5?C for 5, 10, 15 and 20 h in the atmospheric oxygen. GLC results demonstrate that the formation of trans C18-fatty acids was generally dependent upon the frying time and oil mixing ratios. Furthermore, mixing sunflower oil with oils rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (palm or canola oils) lowered the formation of trans-C18 fatty acids during frying.

关键词： Sunflower Oil Canola Oil palm Oil Trans Fatty Acids Frying Process GLC Analysis

Myxomycetes on palm Trees: Species on Attalea speciosaMart. ex Spreng

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Advances in Microbiology 2013年第8期3卷 19-23页

作者： Marcia Percília Moura Parente Laise de Holanda Cavalcanti Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Universidade Estadual do Piauí Teresina Brasil Centro de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brasil

Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng (baba?u) is a palm tree of considerable economic importance in Brazil, especially in the northeast portion of the country. The myxobiota of baba?u was studied by examining living and dead trunks, leaves, inflorescences and fallen fruits on the ground during the wet season at the Teresina Park, Piauí State, Brazil. Taxonomic diversity, species diversity, frequency of occurrence, abundance and constancy of each species were determined in two areas of deciduous mixed forest. The taxonomic diversity of the myxobiota was similar, with values of 1.5 and 1.6 for the two areas. The highest frequency of occurrence value was recorded for the spathe (50% -54%), followed by the petiole (18% -19%) and leaf sheath (4% -19%). Myxomycetes were absent on fallen fruits and rare on the leaf blade (6%) and dead (9%) or living (2%) trunks. Hemitrichia serpula (Scop.) Rostaf. ex Lister, Perichaena depressa Lib., Arcyria cinerea (Bull.) Pers. and H. calyculata (Speg.) M. L. Farr were the species characterized by the highest levels of constancy, abundance and frequency. Cribraria microcarpa (Schrad.) Pers. and Stemonitopsis typhina (F. H. Wigg.) Nann.-Bremek. were occasionally present. Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa (Mull.) T. Macbr., Clastoderma debaryanum A. Blytt, Craterium aureum (Schumach.) Rostaf. and Physarum melleum (Berk. & Broome) Massee were infrequently encountered. Other species recorded were Arcyria denudata (L.) Wettst., Cribraria cancellata (Batsch.) Nann.-Bremek., C. violacea Rex, Lycogala exiguum Morgan, Metatrichia vesparia (Batsch) Nann.-Bremek. ex G. W. Martin, Physarum bogoriense Racib., P. nucleatum Rex, P. pusillum (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) G. Lister and Stemonitis axifera (Bull.) T. Macbr. The myxobiota of the shaded study area was characterized by a higher diversity (6.10) than the unshaded area (2.10), and the incidence of myxomycetes on the A. speciosa trees selected for study was appreciably higher (100% and 40%, respectively).

关键词： Arecaceae Myxobiota Microhabitat Substrate Neotropics palm Tree

Green Transformation Of palm Oil Industry

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China Report ASEAN 2022年第4期7卷 30-33页

作者： Yuan Yanan 不详

The core problem with the palm oil industry is an acute contradiction between development and the environment palm oil may be the most controversial but ubiquitous ingredient in the world. Globally, billions of people... 详细信息

关键词： Transformation contradiction palm

Characterization of the Thermo-Microstructural Analysis of Raffia palm Fibers Proposed for Roofing Sheet Production

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2015年第4期3卷 335-343页

作者： R. S. Odera O. D. Onukwuli C. U. Atuanya Department of Chemical Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria

Raffia fibres are made from fibrous branches and leaves of Raffia palm. The membrane on the underside of each individual frond leaf is taken off to create a long thin fiber. They are usually waste materials which cause a great environmental degradation. The characterization of Raffia palm fibers/ particles was investigated through X-ray diffractometer (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), Scanning electron mi croscope with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM/EDS) and Atomic force microscope (AFM). The various results obtained are equivalent to those of other agro-waste materials generally used in roofing sheets composites production. Hence, this work shows that Raffia palm fibers/particles can be a useful material for cement mortar composites production which can be used for production of roofing sheets.

关键词： Raffia palm Fibers Thermogravimetric Analysis Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD)

Identification and Characterization of Bacterial Community Associated with the Chewed Feeding Waste of Red palm Weevil in Infested Date palm Trees

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 80-93页

作者： AbdulAziz M. A. Mohamed Muhammad Farooq Malabika Roy Pathak Agricultural Biotechnology Program Department of Life Sciences Arabian Gulf University Manama Kingdom of Bahrain Agricultue Affairs Ministry of Works Municipalities Affairs and Urban Planning Manama Kingdom of Bahrain

Red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), is considered one of the most damaging insect pests of date palms in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Large scale infestation of RPW to date palm trees leads to excessive feeding activity of the RPW larvae, which is carried out by microorganisms present within RPW and producing a wet fermenting material inside the trunk. Culture dependent-bacteria were isolated from feeding waste and identified by the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene using 8F and 1492R universal primers. Among the culture-dependent isolated bacteria, 80% were identified by comparing 16S rRNA gene sequence in NCBI database, using BLAST program in GenBank. 85% of the identified bacteria were Gram-positive while the rest of them were Gram-negative. A high abundance of bacteria were from the Bacillaceae family and sixteen different species of Bacillus were identified in comparison with NCBI GenBank. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of identified bacterial strains have been submitted to GenBank. The phylogenetic relationship was studied using 16S rRNA gene sequences, the Gram-negative bacteria came in one clade while Gram-positive different Bacillus sp. and strains showed evolutionary closeness to each other and accordingly, they came in one major clade under three different sub-clades in the phylogenetic tree. The findings of new Bacillus strains in the natural habitat of the date plam trees in the Kingdom of Bahrain, pledge a vast area of research on RPW bio-control research arena.

关键词： Red palm Weevil (RPW) Bacteria Date palm Feeding Waste 16S rRNA

Crystallization Behavior of palm Kernel Oil Monitored by In-SituFocused Beam Reflectance Measurement (FBRM) and Particles Video Microscope (PVM) during Suspension Crystallization

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2015年第1期5卷 31-38页

作者： Leping Dang Shuai Li Hong Zhang Yaobin Si Zhanzhong Wang School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin China Wilmar Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co. Ltd. Shanghai China

Crystallization behavior and kinetics study of palm kernel oil (PKO) were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) by controlling cooling and reheating rate within a certain range of temperature. The evolution of morphology and particle counts was analyzed by focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) and particles video microscope (PVM) at the nucleation stage during suspension crystallization. The particle counts and morphological evolution from needle-like aggregations to amorphous form from PVM were observed during the initial crystallization stage, which meant that a phase transition was likely to occur. This work can give a better understanding of complicated fat system crystallization behavior and provide some critical instructions to control fractionation process.

关键词： palm Kernel Oil Crystallization Behavior Crystal Morphology In-Situ Analysis

Optimization of Incorporation Conditions of Renealmia battenbergianaExtract in Refined Bleached Deodorized (RBD) palm Olein

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第8期3卷 1076-1083页

作者： Isaac Williams Ofosu Samuel Y. Oppong Ibok Oduro Department of Food Science and Technology College of Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi-Ghana Department of Food Science and Technology College of Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi-Ghana.

Incorporation of R. battenbergiana extract in refined bleached deodorized (RBD) palm olein was optimized using a full factorial design. The treatment included three factors (i.e. extracting temperature, time and extract-oil concentration) varied at three levels each (i.e. 25℃ - 65℃, 0.5 - 1.5 h and 1% - 5%). The responses used to optimize the design runs were antioxidant properties as well as the red and blue color content of the residual oils. The results from the preliminary RBD palm olein analyses showed that the product was fresh in terms of the quality indices % FFA, peroxide value, iodine value and color. There was a significant difference (p palm olein concentrations used as well as the treatment temperatures however, there was no significant difference (p palm olein concentration of 1%, temperature of 25℃ and reaction time of 0.5 h.

关键词： palm Olein Optimization Aromatic Extract

Clay Characterization and Optimisation of Bleaching Parameters for palm Kernel Oil Using Alkaline Activated Clays

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2014年第6期2卷 586-597页

作者： T. O. Salawudeen A. O. Arinkoola M. O. Jimoh B. A. Akinwande Chemical Engineering Department Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Food Science and Engineering Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria

The optimum bleaching parameters (clay dose and bleaching time) for palm kernel oil were determined using alkaline activated clay locally sourced in Nigerian. Activation was carried out using NaOH and KOH. The raw and activated clay samples were characterized using XRD and XRF. Bleached oil was analyzed for % colour reduction (%CR) and percentage free fatty acid (FFA) content before and after bleaching. Alkaline activation resulted to total dissolution of Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions in the octahedral sheet. The activation also affected the tetrahedral sheet by reducing the % composition of the silica and alumina ion after the modification. The results showed that alkaline activation had significant effect on mineralogical and chemical composition of the clay samples. The optimum bleaching conditions (clay dosage and bleaching time) of 3%/weight of oil and 30 mins resulted in 33.3% CR and %FFA of 2.2. It was discovered that NaOH activated clay resulted to higher %CR while KOH activated clay shows affinity for reduced %FFA but at higher concentration of 5 M. This research has further established that alkaline activated clays are feasible alternative for acid activated clays in vegetable oil bleaching.

关键词： Bleaching Optimisation Clay Characterization palm Kernel Oil