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oxidative desulfurization of fuels using ionic liquids： A review

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 262-279页

作者： Hua Zhao Gary A. Baker Department of Chemistry and Forensic Science Savannah State University Savannah GA 31404 USA Department of Chemistry University of Missouri-Columbia Columbia MO 65211 USA

Extractive oxidation, wherein aromatic sulfur- containing compounds are extracted and subsequently oxidized to their corresponding sulfones, has proven to be one of the most effective desulfurization methods for producing ultra-low sulfur content fuels. As non-volatile and highly designable solvents, ionic liquids （ILs） have attracted considerable attention for the oxidative desulfur- ization of fuels. In this review, we systematically discuss the utility of ILs in catalytic and extractive oxidation, including their role as extractant, catalyst, or both. We also discuss the challenges facing the use of ILs in this regard, including their relatively high cost and excessive viscosity, as well as their efficiency and stability as catalyst.

关键词： oxidative desulfurization ionic liquids extraction fuels petroleum polyoxometalates

oxidative desulfurization of DBT with H2O2 over 3DOM H3PW12O40/Al2O3 Catalyst

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2020年第4期35卷 671-676页

作者： LI Ang LEI Jiaheng DU Yue GUO Zhenran DU Xiaodi School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Life SciencesWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

A series of heteropoly acid (HPA) based Al2O3 catalysts with three-dimensional ordered (3DOM) structure were synthesized by colloidal crystal template *** macropores (250 nm) could be clearly observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM).Mesopores could be detected by N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms which further confirmed the 3DOM structural characteristics of ***,Keggin-type HPW was highly dispersed in the Al2O3 framework,which suggested by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR) *** oxidation desulfurization (ODS) performance of 3DOM H3PW12O40/Al2O3 of refractory sulphur compounds was evaluated in the presence of hydrogen *** oxidized 98.5% of dibenzothiophene (DBT) into corresponding sulfone within 3 h,which exhibited superior ODS performance than corresponding mesoporous and microporous H3PW12O40/Al2O3 *** enhancement of ODS efficiency is related to the improvement of mass transfer of DBT in the pore channel resulting from the interconnected 3DOM ***,the as-prepared catalyst still demonstrates outstanding cycle performance after 6 runs,which could be easily recovered from the model fuel.

关键词： 3DOM structure oxidative desulfurization H3PW12O40/Al2O3 catalyst

oxidative desulfurization of Diesel Fuel with Hydrogen Peroxide Using Na_2WO_4 as Catalyst

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2009年第1期11卷 45-50页

作者： Sun Xin Long Jun Xu Benjing Xie Chaogang (Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083) Research Institute of Petroleum Processing SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

oxidative desulfurization was performed on Na2WO4 catalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid under mild reaction conditions （atmospheric pressure and temperature range of 293--343 K）. Different organic compounds including benzothiophene （BT）, dibenzothiophene （DBT）, 4, 6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene （4, 6-DMDBT） were used to investigate the reactivity of this catalyst, and the effect of various parameters, such as temperature, solvents and the amount of oxidant reagent used in oxidative desulfurization reaction, was also examined. The results showed that the Na2WO4- H202 system was very effective for oxidative desulfurization, and the oxidation of BT, DBT and 4, 6-DMDBT was influenced by different parameters.

关键词： oxidative desulfurization dibenzothiophene Na2WO4 hydrogen peroxide

oxidative desulfurization of Fuel Oil with H_(3)PO_(4)-based Deep Eutectic Solvents

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2024年第2期26卷 178-186页

作者： Li Xiuping Zhang Jiayin Hou Liangpei Zhao Rongxiang School of Petrochemical Engineering Liaoning Petrochemical UniversityFushun 113001China

A series of Lewis-acid deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized by stirring phosphoric acid and zincchloride as raw materials at 80℃ to form H_(3)PO_(4)/nZnCl_(2) (n = 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1). The DESs were characterized byFourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR), thermogravimetry/differential thermogravimetry (TG/DTG), andelectron spray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The DESs were used as both extractants and catalysts to removedibenzothiophene from fuels via oxidative desulfurization (ODS). Experiments were performed to investigated the influenceof factors such as composition of DES, temperature, oxidant dosage (molar ratio of O:S), DES dosage (volume ratio ofDES:oil), and number of cycles on desulfurization rate. The results indicated that the removal rate of dibenzothiophene (DBT)was affected by the Lewis acidic DESs, with that of H_(3)PO_(4)/0.25∙ZnCl_(2) reaching 96.4% under optimal conditions (Voil=5 mL,VDES=1 mL, an oxidant dosage of 6, T=50 ℃). After six cycles, the desulfurization rate of H_(3)PO_(4)/0.25∙ZnCl_(2) remained above94.1%. The apparent activation energy of dibenzothiophene (DBT) removal reaction was determined by a pseudo-first orderkinetic equation according to the Arrhenius equation to be 32.34 kJ/mol, as estimated. A reaction mechanism is proposedbased on the experimental data and characterization results.

关键词： deep eutectic solvents phosphoric acid zinc chloride oxidative desulfurization

oxidative desulfurization over Molybdenum-containing MCM-41

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2009年第3期11卷 39-47页

作者： Xu Li Zhang Wenhao Fan Heli Xie Chaogang Wang Danhong Peng Zhien Wang Xieqing Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Beijing 100083 Department of Materials Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071

Two series of molybdenum-containing MCM-41 catalysts were prepared for oxidative desulfurization ofdibenzothiophene （DBT） using t-butylhydroperoxide （TBHP） as the oxidant. The electronic properties, pore dimension and hydrophilic properties of the catalysts were studied by XRD, BET, and 1R spectrometry. The Mo-Al2O3 catalyst and TiMCM-3% were also studied for comparison. The two series of MCM-41 zeolite with MoO3 in the framework or impregnated on the surface exhibited considerable activities at low MoO3 content and both were faxbetter than the Mo-Al2O3 catalyst, but had lower activities as compared to the TiMCM-3% catalyst. The catalysts with the highest activity were evaluated in a fixed-bed reactor. The concentration of DBT in model diesel upon oxidative desulfurization was successfully reduced from 5000 ppm to less than 150 ppm, but the catalysts were deactivated very fast. The probable reason was the high affinity of DBTO2 to the MCM-41 skeleton, especially to MoO3. The catalysts could restore most of its original activity by treating with alcohol.

关键词： oxidative desulfurization MCM-41 MoO3

oxidative desulfurization of Model Sulfur Compound by Potassium Ferrate in the Presence of Phosphomolybdic Acid Catalyst

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2013年第1期15卷 61-65页

作者： Liu Yanxiu Song Hua Zhang Wenchao Provicial Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Chemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNortheastern Petroleum University Daqing Petrochemical Engineering Co. Ltd.

In this work, the removal of thiophene from simulated oil has been studied by using the adsorption, extraction and oxidation/adsorption methods, respectively. In the adsorptive desulfurization process, different commercial adsorbents were used to eliminate thiophene at ambient pressure and mild temperature, and the results showed that carbon powder had the best adsorption ability. In the extractive desulfurization process, the best desulfurization result was obtained when DMF is used. In the oxidative/adsorptive desulfurization procedure using synthesized potassium ferrate as the oxidant and phosphomolybdic acid solution as the catalyst, thiophene was oxidized and removed from hydrocarbons in combination with active carbon adsorption, and the residual sulfur content of simulated oil could be reduced to 15.3mg/L from the original level of 200mg/L, with the desulfurization rate reaching 92.3%.

关键词： oxidative desulfurization phosphomolybdic acid potassium ferrate

Catalytic oxidative desulfurization of gasoline using phosphotungstic acid supported on MWW zeolite

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020年第4期14卷 546-560页

作者： Hanlu Wang Idris Jibrin Xingye Zeng College of Chemical Engineering Guangdong University of Petrochemical TechnologyMaoming 525000China

Catalysts for the desulfurization of gasoline samples were synthesized via the immobilization of well-dispersed phosphotungstic acid(HPW)on Mobil compo-sition of matter-twenty-two(MWW)***-tion results indicated that these catalysts possess a mesoporous structure with the retention of the Keggin structure of immobilized *** reaction para-meters influencing sulfur removal were systematically investigated,including HPW loading,catalyst dosage,temperature,initial S-concentration,molar ratio of oxidant to sulfide(O/S),volume ratio of MeCN to model oil(Ext./oil),and sulfide *** 40 wt-%HPW/MWW catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity with 99.6%dibenzothiophene sulfur removal from prepared *** 40 wt-%HPW/MWW catalyst was recycled four times and could be easily ***,as an exploratory study,straight-run-gasoline and fluid catalytic cracking gasoline were employed to accurately evaluate the desulfurization performance of 40 wt-%HPW/*** research provides new insights into the development and application of catalysts for desulfurization of gasoline.

关键词： oxidative desulfurization phosphotungstic acid MWW wet impregnation adsorption energy

Titanium-rich TS-1 zeolite for highly efficient oxidative desulfurization

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第1期8卷 163-172页

作者： Risheng Bai Yue Song Ge Tian Fei Wang Avelino Corma Jihong Yu State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry College of ChemistryJilin UniversityChangchun130012China Instituto de Tecnología Química Universitat Politecnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasValencia46022Spain State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials Jilin UniversityChangchun130012China International Center of Future Science Jilin UniversityChangchun130012China

The exploration of highly efficient catalysts based on nano-sized Ti-rich titanosilicate zeolites with controllable active titanium species is of great importance in zeolite catalytic ***,we reported an efficient and facile synthesis of nano-sized Ti-rich TS-1(MFI)zeolites by replacing tetrabutyl orthotitanate(TBOT)with tetrabutyl orthotitanate tetramer(TBOT-tetramer)as the titanium *** introduced TBOT-tetramer slowed down the zeolite crystallization process,and accordingly balanced the rate of incorporating Ti and the crystal growth and inhibited the massive formation of anatase ***,the prepared Ti-rich TS-1 zeolite sample had a Si/Ti as low as 27.6 in contrast to conventional one with a molar ratio of *** TBOT-tetramer endowed the titanosilicate zeolites with enriched active titanium species and enlarged external surface *** also impeded the formation of anatase species,resulting in superior catalytic behavior toward the oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophene compared with the conventional TS-1 zeolite counterpart prepared with TBOT.

关键词： TS-1 Zeolite Ti-rich Heterogeneous catalysis oxidative desulfurization

N-hydroxyphthalimide anchored on hexagonal boron nitride as a metal-free heterogeneous catalyst for deep oxidative desulfurization

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Petroleum Science 2022年第3期19卷 1382-1389页

作者： Lin-Jie Lu Pei-Wen Wu Jing He Ming-Qing Hua Yan-Hong Chao Ning Yang Lin-Lin Chen Wei Jiang Lei Fan Hong-Bing Ji Wen-Shuai Zhu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institute for Energy ResearchJiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsu212013PR China School of Pharmacy Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsu212013PR China Yangzhou University YangzhouJiangsu225002PR China Fine Chemical Industry Research Institute School of ChemistrySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong510275PR China

A metal-free N-hydroxyphthalimide/hexagonal boron nitride(NHPI/h-BN)catalytic system was developed for deep oxidative desulfurization(ODS)of fuel *** experiments find that the heterogenization process of loading NHPI on h-BN not only benefits to the dispersion and utilization of NHPI,but also can significantly promote the catalytic *** employing NHPI/h-BN as the catalyst,azodiisobutyronitrile(AIBN)as the metal-free initiator,a 95%conversion of dibenzothiophene(DBT)can be acquired under the reaction conditions of 120°C and atmospheric pressure with molecular oxygen(O_(2))as ***,the heterogenization is convenient for the regeneration of the catalyst with>94%DBT conversion after being recycled seven *** illustrate that the promoted catalytic activity along with the regenerability originate from the interactions between NHPI and *** catalytic mechanism study shows that molecular oxygen is readily activated by the NHPI/h-BN to form a superoxide radical(O_(2)^(·-)),which oxidize DBT to DBTO2 for desulfurization.

关键词： N-hydroxyphthalimide Hexagonal boron nitride oxidative desulfurization Heterogeneous catalysis