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Teaching programs of neurobiology in Zhejiang University School of Medicine:enlightment and encouragement

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Teaching programs of neurobiology in Zhejiang University Sch...

Translational bioengineering strategies for peripheral nerve regeneration:opportunities,challenges,and novel concepts

中国神经科学学会第十届全国学术会议

作者： Ai-Min BAO Jian-Hong LUO Department of neurobiology Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Ministry of Health of ChinaZhejiang University School of Medicine

The tremendously rapid developments in basic and medical neurosciences ask for more young researchers,who obtained knowledge of neurobiology during undergraduate and postgraduate *** have developed,therefore,in Zhejiang University School of Medicine such dedicated *** years of experience,we have designed for different groups of student tailor-made teaching programs of *** introduce our students into the neurosciences in an integrated way from molecule to mind,from the ion channels to brain function and to neurological and psychiatric *** present the knowledge on how our neuronal circuits are assembled during development under the influence of our experience with the world around us,how we carry out behaviors under control of our brain,and how our memory works and can be *** addition,the biology of our emotional life and its psychological disorders are *** main topics of teaching are（1） history of neuroscience;（2） structure and function of neuron and glia cells;（3） synaptic transmission,neuronal information processing and integration;（4） brain development and its disorders;（5） functional brain anatomy and circuits;（6） molecular mechanisms of learning and memory;（7）neuroendocrine regulation of behavior;and（8） neurobiology and neuropathology of brain *** with such an enlightening course,we aim,in addition,to encourage and guide our students into the recent field of the social consequences of *** make clear to the students that ’We are our brain’,*** the uniqueness of our brain is due to a combination of our genetic background and the brain programming that takes place during its development in the womb and early stages after *** show that in this way most of our character traits,talents and limitations are determined in these early stages,including not only the properties of our character such as being a morning or an evening person,degrees of spirituality,chances to be neu

关键词： teaching neurobiology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1229-1234页

作者： Karim A.Sarhane Chenhu Qiu Thomas G.W.Harris Philip J.Hanwright Hai-Quan Mao Sami H.Tuffaha Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Peripheral Nerve Research LaboratoryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of EngineeringBaltimoreMDUSA Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA Translational Tissue Engineering Center Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries remain a challenging problem in need of better treatment *** best efforts at surgical reconstruction and postoperative rehabilitation,patients are often left with persistent,debilitating motor and sensory *** are currently no therapeutic strategies proven to enhance the regenerative process in humans.A clinical need exists for the development of technologies to promote nerve regeneration and improve functional *** advances in the fields of tissue engineering and nanotechnology have enabled biomaterial scaffolds to modulate the host response to tissue repair through tailored mechanical,chemical,and conductive *** bioengineered approaches have enabled targeted,sustained delivery of protein therapeutics with the capacity to unlock the clinical potential of a myriad of neurotrophic growth factors that have demonstrated promise in enhancing regenerative *** such,further exploration of combinatory strategies leveraging these technological advances may offer a pathway towards clinically translatable solutions to advance the care of patients with peripheral nerve *** review first presents the various emerging bioengineering strategies that can be applied for the management of nerve gap *** cover the rationale and limitations for their use as an alternative to autografts,focusing on the approaches to increase the number of regenerating axons crossing the repair site,and facilitating their growth towards the distal *** also discuss the emerging growth factor-based therapeutic strategies designed to improve functional outcomes in a multimodal fashion,by accelerating axonal growth,improving the distal regenerative environment,and preventing end-organs atrophy.

关键词： bioengineering biomaterials growth hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 nanotechnology neurobiology peripheral nerve regeneration Schwann cells translational research

Neurobiological mechanisms underlying delayed expression of posttraumatic stress disorder:A scoping review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 151-168页

作者： Geert E Smid Jonna Lind Jens Peter Bonde ARQ Centrum'45 ARQ National Psychotrauma CentreDiemen 1112XENetherlands Department of Humanist Chaplaincy Studies University of Humanistic StudiesUtrecht 3512 HDNetherlands ARQ Centre of Excellence on War Persecution and ViolenceARQ National Psychotrauma CentreDiemen 1112XENetherlands Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg HospitalCopenhagen 2400Denmark Department of Public Health University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 1014Denmark

BACKGROUND The capacity of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)to occur with delayed onset has been documented in several systematic reviews and *** models of PTSD may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the progressive increase in PTSD symptoms over time as well as into occasional occurrences of long-delayed PTSD with few prodromal *** To obtain an overview of key concepts explaining and types of evidence supporting neurobiological underpinnings of delayed *** A scoping review of studies reporting neurobiological findings relevant to delayed PTSD was performed,which included 38 studies in the qualitative *** Neurobiological mechanisms underlying PTSD symptoms,onset,and course involve several interconnected *** mechanisms involve the neurocircuitry of fear,comprising several structures,such as the hippocampus,amygdala,and prefrontal cortex,that are amenable to time-dependent increases in activity through sensitization and *** network models explain generalization of the fear *** mechanisms consist of autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis responses,both of which may be involved in sensitization to *** mechanisms are characterized by immune activation,which is sometimes due to the effects of traumatic brain ***,neurobehavioral/contextual mechanisms involve the effects of intervening stressors and mental and physical disorder comorbidities,and these may be particularly relevant in cases of long-delayed *** Thus,delayed PTSD may result from multiple underlying neurobiological mechanisms that may influence the likelihood of developing prodromal symptoms preceding the onset of full-blown PTSD.

关键词： Posttraumatic stress disorder Delayed expression Sensitization neurobiology Neuroendocrine Neuroinflammatory

Effects of mild intrauterine hypoperfusion in the second trimester on memory and learning function in rat offspring

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 2082-2088页

作者： Shao-Wei Yin Yuan Wang Yi-Lin Meng Cai-Xia Liu Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province ShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Anesthesiology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina

Mild intrauterine hypoperfusion(MIUH)is a serious pathological event that affects the growth and development of fetuses and *** can lead to growth restriction,low birth weight,neurodevelopmental disorders,and other adverse clinical *** study the effects of MIUH on learning and memory function in offspring,a model of MIUH was established by placing a coil(length 2.5 mm,diameter 0.24 mm)on the uterine artery and ovarian uterine artery of Sprague-Dawley rats in the second trimester of pregnancy(day 17).Next,120 mg/kg lithium chloride(the MIUH+Li group)or normal saline(the MIUH group)was injected intraperitoneally into these *** addition,120 mg/kg lithium chloride(the Li group)or normal saline(the SHAM group)was injected intraperitoneally into pregnant rats without coil *** Morris water maze was used to detect changes in learning and memory ability in the offspring at 4 weeks after *** the MIUH group,the escape latency and journey length before reaching the platform were both increased,and the number of times that the platform was crossed and the activity time in the target quadrant within 90 seconds were both decreased compared with the SHAM *** double staining and western blot assays demonstrated that hippocampal nestin and Ki67(both cell-proliferation-related proteins)expression was significantly downregulated in the MIUH group compared with the SHAM ***,western blot assays were conducted to investigate changes in related signaling pathway proteins in the brains of offspring rats,and revealed that glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β)expression was upregulated andβ-catenin expression was downregulated in the MIUH group compared with the SHAM *** addition,compared with the MIUH group,the expression levels of p-GSK3βandβ-catenin were upregulated in the MIUH+Li *** results suggest that MIUH may affect learning and memory function in rat offspring by regulating the GSK3βsignaling pathway.T

关键词： developmental neurobiology glycogen synthase kinase 3 intrauterine learning lithium memory offspring placenta diseases signal pathways β-catenin

Rat Cerebrospinal Fluid Treatment Method through Cisterna Cerebellomedullaris Injection

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2018年第5期34卷 827-832页

作者： Thaina Garbino dos Santos Mery Stefani Leivas Pereira Diogo Losch Oliveira Laboratory of Cellular Neurochemistry Departamento de Bioquimica Instituto de Ciencias Basicas da Saude Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS 90035-003 Brazil

Drugs that lack the ability to cross the blood- brain barrier （BBB） need to be placed directly into the central nervous system. Our laboratory studies the involve- ment of the glutamatergic system in the aggressiveness of glioma, and some ligands of glutamate receptors cannot permeate the BBB. Here, glioma-implanted rats were treated by a technique that delivers ligands directly into the cerebrospinal fluid by puncture into the cisterna cerebel- lomedullaris. Rats were anesthetized and fixed in a rodent stereotactic device. The head was gently tilted downwards at an angle that allowed exposure of the cisterna. Injection into the cisterna was done freehand using a gingival needle coupled to a microsyringe. The efficiency of intracisternal injection was demonstrated using a methylene blue solu- tion. This type of injection is adaptable for any rodent model using small volumes of a variety of other drugs, and is an interesting method for neuroscience studies.

关键词： neurobiology Neuroscience Drug administration Intracisternal injection Cisterna magna Cerebrospinal fluid treatment Central nervous system Surgical technique Rodent

Expression of acetylated histone 3 in the spinal cord and the effect of morphine on inflammatory pain in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第7期7卷 517-522页

作者： Hua Li Changqi Li Ruping Dai Xudan Shi Junmei Xu Jianyi Zhang Xinfu Zhou Zhiyuan Li Xuegang Luo Department of Anatomy and neurobiology Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University Changsha 410013 Hunan ProvinceChina Department of Histology and Embryology Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208 Hunan Province China Department of Anesthesia Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha 410013 Hunan Province China Department of Human Physiology Flinders University South Austrafia Australia

In this study, a rat model of inflammatory pain was produced by injecting complete Freund’s adjuvant into the hind paw, and the expression of acetylated histone 3 in the spinal cord dorsal horn was examined using immunohistochemical staining. One day following injection, there was a dramatic decrease in acetylated histone 3 expression in spinal cord dorsal horn neurons. However, on day 7, expression recovered in adjuvant-injected rats. While acetylated histone 3 labeling was present in dorsal horn neurons, it was more abundant in astrocytes and microglial cells. The recovery of acetylated histone 3 expression was associated with a shift in expression of the protein from neurons to glial cells. Morphine injection significantly upregulated the expression of acetylated histone 3 in spinal cord dorsal horn neurons and glial cells 1 day after injection, especially in astrocytes, preventing the transient downregulation. Our results indicate that inflammatory pain induces a transient downregulation of acetylated histone 3 in the spinal cord dorsal horn at an early stage following adjuvant injection, and that this effect can be reversed by morphine. Thus, the downregulation of acetylated histone 3 may be involved in the development of inflammatory pain.

关键词： inflammation hyperalgesia acetylated histone 3 spinal cord morphine neurobiology

The cumulative analgesic effect of repeated electroacupuncture involves synaptic remodeling in the hippocampal CA3 region

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第18期7卷 1378-1385页

作者： Qiulinq Xu Tao Liu Shuping Chen Yonghui Gao Junying Wang Lina Qiao Junling Liu Hainan Medical University Haikou 571101 Hainan Province China Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700 China

In the present study, we examined the analgesic effect of repeated electroacupuncture at bilateral Zusanfi （ST36） and Yanglingquan （GB34） once a day for 14 consecutive days in a rat model of chronic sciatic nerve constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain. In addition, concomitant changes in calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II expression and synaptic ultrastructure of neurons in the hippocampal CA3 region were examined. The thermal pain threshold （paw withdrawal latency） was increased significantly in both groups at 2 weeks after electroacupuncture intervention compared with 2 days of electroacupuncture. In ovariectomized rats with chronic constriction injury, the analgesic effect was significantly reduced. Electroacupuncture for 2 weeks significantly diminished the injury-induced increase in synaptJc cleft width and thinning of the postsynaptJc density, and it significantly suppressed the down-regulation of intracellular calcium/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II expression in the hippocampal CA3 region. Repeated electroacupuncture intervention had a cumulative analgesic effect on injury-induced neuropathic pain reactions, and it led to synaptic remodeling of hippocampal neurons and upregulated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kJnase II expression in the hippocampal CA3 region.

关键词： chronic neuropathic pain acupuncture analgesia cumulative effect synaptic plasticity hippocampal CA3 region calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II neurobiology electroacupuncture neural regeneration

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in experimental autoimmune neuritis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第1期5卷 70-78页

作者： Xijing Mao Hongliang Zhang Jie Zhu Department of Neurology First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130021 Jilin Province China Department of neurobiology Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institute Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden

Tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） plays a key role in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune neuritis （EAN） as well as Guillain-Barre syndrome. The proposed pathogenesis of TNF-α associated neuropathies involves immune-mediated attack to blood-nerve barrier, aggravated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the induction of Schwann cells apoptosis. TNF-α may play a regulatory role by increasing production of interleukin-1 in macrophages, attenuating T cell receptor signaling and regulating apoptosis of potentially autoreactive T cells in EAN. The data suggest that antagonizing TNF-α functions or suppressing TNF-α production may be useful in the acute phase of EAN treatment, but further studies are required.

关键词： tumor necrosis factor-α experimental autoimmune neuritis Guillain-Barre syndrome autoimmune neurobiology immune disease review

Patterning the neuronal cells via inkjet printing of self-assembled peptides on silk scaffolds

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2020年第5期30卷 686-696页

作者： Weizhen Sun Yi Zhang David A.Gregory Ana Jimenez-Franco Mhd Anas Tomeh Songwei Lv Jiqian Wang John W.Haycock Jian R.Lu Xiubo Zhao Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Sheffield Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Sheffield School of Pharmacy Changzhou University Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology China University of Petroleum East China School of Physics and Astronomy University of Manchester

The patterning of neuronal cells and guiding neurite growth are important for neuron tissue engineering and cell-based biosensors. In this paper, inkjet printing has been employed to pattern self-assembled I3QGK peptide nanofibers on silk substrates for guiding the growth of neuron-like PC12 cells. Atomic force microscopy(AFM)confirmed the dynamic self-assembly of I3QGK into nanofiber structures. The printed self-assembled peptide strongly adheres to regenerated silk fibroin(RSF) substrates through charge-charge interactions. It was observed that in the absence of I3QGK, PC12 cells exhibited poor attachment to RSF films, while for RSF surfaces coated or printed with peptide nanofibers, cellular attachment was significantly improved in terms of both cell density and morphology. AFM results revealed that peptide nanofibers can promote the generation of axons and terminal buttons of PC12 cells, indicating that I3QGK nanofibers not only promote cellular attachment but also facilitate differentiation into neuronal phenotypes. Inkjet printing allows complex patterning of peptide nanofibers onto RSF substrates, which enabled us to engineer cell alignment and provide an opportunity to direct axonal development in vitro. The live/dead assay showed that printed I3QGK patterns exhibit no cytotoxicity to PC12 cells demonstrating potential for future nerve tissue engineering applications.

关键词： neurobiology Micro-patterning Inkjet printing Self-assembling peptides PC12 cells