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Science China Chemistry 1995年第4期38卷 438-447页

作者：李毅魏春红田波潘乃穟陈章良 State Key Laboratory for Protein Engineering and Plant Genetic Engineering Department of Biology Peking University Beijing 100871 China Institute of Microbiology Chinese Acaderny of SciencesBeijing 100080China

The full-length double-stranded cDNAs of beet necrotie yellow vein virus RNA3 and RNA 4were synthesized by using oligo(dT) 15 as well as RNA3 and RNA4 specific primers, and cloned downstream of the bacteriophage Sp6 RNA polymerase promoter of the transcription vector pGEM3Zf(+). The in vitro "run-off" transcription products obtained in the presence of Sp6 RNA polymerase and template DNA have high biological activities. In the 2 transcription systems, the transcription and capping in 2 separate reactions are more efficient. The simultaneous transcription and capping are not so efficient, but the transcripts are more infectious. Although there are a number of nonviral nucleotide sequences at the 5- and 3’-ends of RNA3 and RNA4 transcripts, the biological activities of both transcripts were not affected. The mechanical coinoculation of sugarbeet roots with the infectious transcripts of the prepared RNA3 and RNA4 and BNYW Rgl isolate has confirmed that RNA3 is the main cause of sugarbeet rhizomania.

关键词： beet necrotic yellow vein virus in vitro transcription function analysis.

A secondary bile acid from microbiota metabolism attenuates ileitis and bile acid reduction in subclinical necrotic enteritis in chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 767-776页

作者： Mohit Bansal Ying Fu Bilal Alrubaye Mussie Abraha Ayidh Almansour Anamika Gupta Rohana Liyanage Hong Wang Billy Hargis Xiaolun Sun Center of Excellence for Poultry Science University of Arkansas1260 W Maple St.O409FayettevilleAR 72701USA CEMB University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA Department of Chemistry University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA.

Background:Clostridium perfringens-induced chicken necrotic enteritis(NE)is responsible for substantial economic losses worldwide ***,as a result of antibiotic growth promoter prohibition,the prevalence of NE in chickens has *** study was aimed to reduce NE through titrating dietary deoxycholic acid(DCA)as an effective antimicrobial *** and methods:Day-old broiler chicks were assigned to six groups and fed diets supplemented with 0(basal diet),0.8,1.0 and 1.5 g/kg(on top of basal diet)*** birds were challenged with Eimeria maxima(20,000 oocysts/bird)at d 18 and ***(109 CFU/bird per day)at d 23,24,and 25 to induce *** birds were sacrificed at d 26 when ileal tissue and digesta were collected for analyzing histopathology,mRNA accumulation and *** colonization by real-time PCR,targeted metabolomics of bile acids,fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH),or terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)***:At the cellular level,birds infected with *** and *** developed subclinical NE and showed shortening villi,crypt hyperplasia and immune cell infiltration in *** DCA alleviated the NE-induced ileal inflammation in a dose-dependent manner compared to NE control *** with the increased histopathological scores,subclinical NE birds suffered body weight gain reduction compared to the uninfected birds,an effect attenuated with increased doses of dietary *** the molecular level,the highest dose of DCA at 1.5 g/kg reduced *** luminal colonization compared to NE birds using PCR and ***,the dietary DCA reduced subclinical NE-induced intestinal inflammatory gene expression and cell apoptosis using PCR and TUNEL *** further examining ileal bile acid pool through targeted metabolomics,subclinical NE reduced the total bile acid level in ileal digesta compared to uninfected ***,dietary DCA increased total

关键词： Bile acid Chicken Clostridium perfringens Deoxycholic acid Intestinal inflammation necrotic enteritis

Molecular characterization of Apple necrotic mosaic virus identified in crabapple(Malus spp.) tree of China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第3期18卷 698-701页

作者： HU Guo-jun DONG Ya-feng ZHANG Zun-ping FAN Xu-dong REN Fang Research Institute of Pomology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Apple necrotic mosaic virus(ApNMV) was identified in crabapple trees with mosaic symptoms from Zaozhuang, Shandong Province, China, by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) analysis. The complete nucleotide sequences of one isolate from crabapple(ApNMV-Hai) and two isolates from apple(ApNMV-Hua and-Qu) were determined. The sizes of genomic RNA1, 2 and 3 of the three isolates differed from those of the previously reported isolate ApNMV-P126 from Japanese apple, especially RNA3. Compared with the nucleotide(nt) sequence of RNA3 in isolate P126, those in the Hai and Qu isolates were 7 and 33 nt shorter, respectively, and that of isolate Hua was 7 nt longer. Alignment analyses showed that these differences in size were mainly due to differences in the lengths of the 5′ untranslated region(UTR) and the UTR region between the ORFs encoding the movement protein and the coat protein. In the phylogenetic trees constructed using the full genomic sequences of RNA1, 2 and 3, the isolate Hai clustered into a group with the isolate Qu in the RNA1 tree, but formed an individual branch in the RNA2 and 3 trees. Three recombination events were identified in the nucleotide sequences of RNA1 and 2 among the isolates ApNMV-Hai,-Hua, and-Qu. This is the first report of the full genome sequence of ApNMV in crabapple.

关键词： crabapple mosaic symptom Apple necrotic mosaic virus molecular characterization

Towards the control of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens with in-feed antibiotics phasing-out worldwide

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第1期1卷 1-11页

作者： Shawkat A.M'Sadeq Shubiao Wu Robert A.Swick Mingan Choct School of Environmental and Rural Science Poultry Cooperative Research Centre

Poultry production has undergone a substantial increase compared to the livestock industries since ***, the industry worldwide is now facing challenges with the removal of in-feed antibiotics completely or gradually, as the once well-controlled poultry diseases have re-emerged to cause tremendous loss of production. necrotic enteritis(NE) is one of the most important diseases which costs the industry over two billion dollars annually. In this paper, we review the progress on the etiology of NE and its control through dietary modifications, pre-and probiotics, short chain fatty acids, and vaccination. The other likely measures resulted in the most advances in the toxin characterization are also discussed. Vaccine strategies may have greater potential for the control of NE mainly due to clearer etiology of NE having been elucidated in recent years with the identification of necrotic enteritis toxin B-like(NetB) toxin. Therefore, the use of alternatives to in-feed antibiotics with a better understanding of the relationship between nutrition and NE, and limiting exposure to infectious agents through biosecurity and vaccination, might be a tool to reduce the incidence of NE and to improve gut health in the absence of in-feed antibiotics. More importantly, the combinations of different measures may achieve greater protection of birds against the disease. Among all the alternatives investigated, prebiotics, organic acids and vaccination have shown improved gastrointestinal health and thus, have potential for the control of NE.

关键词： necrotic enteritis Clostridium perfringens Broiler chicken Antibiotic

A model of necrotic degeneration in Drosophila

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生物物理学报 2009年第S1期25卷 48-49页

作者： Lei Liu School of Life Sciences, Peking University

Cell death during development or pathological conditions can be classified into three types based on morphology and genetic pathways: apoptosis, autophagic necrosis and

关键词： necrotic degeneration vesicular Drosophila classified expressing progression muscular dystrophy seizure

necrotic Appendix in Amyand’s Hernia: A Case Report

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2013年第7期4卷 1-3页

作者： Aybars Ozkan Mesut Okur Murat Kaya Adem Kucuk Ilyas Sari Department of Pediatric Surgery Duzce University Medical School Duzce Turkey Department of Pediatrics Duzce University Medical School Duzce Turkey.

A three-month-old boy was admitted by red, firm, painful swelling in the right groin and vomiting. Surgical repair with appendectomy was performed. We want to emphasize that if the patient has an irreducible strangula... 详细信息

关键词： Amyand’s Hernia necrotic Appendix Strangulated Inguinal Hernia Infant

The Effect of a<i>Lactobacillus</i>-Based Probiotic for the Control of necrotic Enteritis in Broilers

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第11期4卷 1-7页

作者： Sherryll Lynn Layton Xochitl Hernandez-Velasco Shivaramaiah Chaitanya Jorge Xavier Anita Menconi Juan David Latorre Gopala Kallapura Vivek Ayamchirakkunnel Kuttappan Ross Elderon Wolfenden Raphael Lucio Andreatti Filho Billy Marshal Hargis Guillermo Téllez Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City México Department of Poultry Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA Department of Poultry Science University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA Vetanco Argentina S.A. Chile 33 (B1603CMA) Vicente López Buenos Aires Argentina Department of Veterinary Clinics FMVZ UNESP Campus Botucatu Brazil. Pacific Vet Group-USA Inc. Creek View Drive Fayetteville USA Vetanco Argentina S.A. Chile 33 (B1603CMA) Vicente López Buenos Aires Argentina

necrotic Enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens (CP) in poultry is probably the most important bacterial disease in terms of economic implications. The disease is multi-factorial and is invariably associated with predisposing factors. The present study investigated the effect of a commercially available Lactobacillus-based probiotic (FM-B11) for the control of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. In experiment 1, one-day-of-hatch broiler chicks were randomly allocated to the following treatment groups: 1) Non-challenged (NC);2) Challenged (C);3) Challenged + probiotic (C+ FM-B11). Prior to placement, chicks in groups 2 and 3 received 0.25 mL of Salmonella typhimurium (ST) containing 105 cfu of viable cells by oral gavage. At 14, 15 and 16 days of age, all chicks in group 3 were treated with FM-B11 in the drinking water at a concentration of 106 cfu/ml. At 21d of age, all chicks in groups 2 and 3, were individually challenged with 5 × 104 sporulated oocysts of E. maxima by oral gavage. At 26d of age, all chicks in groups 2 and 3, were individually challenged with 108 cfu CP;body weight (BW) was recorded prior to challenge. The experiment was terminated at 29 days of age and the following parameters were evaluated: NE-associated mortality, CP lesion scores, CP concentrations in ileum, BW, and body weight gain (BWG). Chicks treated with FM-B11 had significantly (P 0.05) difference in lesion score between C and C + FM-B11, group C + FM-B11 had significantly (P < 0.05) lower total number of cfu of CP recovered from the ileal mucosa and content samples when compared to group C. Experiment 2 was a unique and remarkable case report of a field outbreak of NE in a commercial broiler farm in Argentina. A reduction and control of the mortality

关键词： Lactobacillus necrotic Enteritis Salmonella Coccidiosis Probiotic

Genetic Mapping and Characterization of Lethal necrotic Mutants in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>L.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第13期8卷 3350-3376页

作者： Rumanzi Saidi Mbaraka Yoshiyuki Yamagata Atsushi Yoshimura Hideshi Yasui Plant Breeding Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

The spread of tissue necrosis leads to plant death. We isolated 18 lethal necrotic mutants induced in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by gamma-irradiation. The necrotic lethality among the 18 mutants was controlled by single recessive genes designated necrotic lethality1 (nec1) to nec18. These mutants display pale-green leaves from the third-leaf stage and leaf-tip necrosis, which spreads to the whole plant, killing it. Genetic mapping and histochemical analysis of the lethal necrotic mutants were conducted. At least four independent loci on chromosomes 2 and 4 controlled necrotic lethality. Therefore, the genetic causes of lethal necrosis vary among mutant stocks. Histochemical analysis at 12 days after sowing showed that H2O2 accumulated in the necrotic parts of leaves, and that cell death occurred throughout the leaf. Mutants for early necrotic lethality (necrotic lethality (>35 days to lethality) were characterized by the incomplete spread of H2O2 accumulation within the third leaf.

关键词： Rice Mutant necrotic Lethality Linkage Mapping Reactive Oxygen Species

Systematic Analysis of Gene Expression in Western Flower Thrip( Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande ) before and after Infection with Impatiens necrotic Spot Virus(INSV)

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农业生物技术：英文版 2017年第5期6卷 28-31,46页

作者： Jiani LIU Shengguang XU Yuyu ZHANG Zebin CHEN Rong LU Lei YU Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technologcal Research Center/College of Agriculture Kunming UniversityKunming 650214China Yunnan Bio-carbon Ennineering Technology Research Center Kunming UniversityKunming 650214China

Impatiens necrotic spot virus( INSV) is an important plant virus identified in recent years. Western flower thrip( Frankliniella occidentalis) has been confirmed to be the most efficient vector for INSV. In the present study,Illumina's second-generation sequencing technique was used to determine the variation in gene expression at the transcriptome level in western flower thrip before and after infection with INSV. By aligning 168 188 unigenes of western flower thrip to the NCBI protein database,47 558 unigenes were annotated,accounting for 28. 27% of the total. Species classification revealed that 58. 7% of the annotated unigenes of western flower thrip did not match any other species,and 15. 4% of had a match in Zootermopsis navadensis,12. 4% in Mus musculus,7. 3% in Mustela putorius,3. 4% in Theileria parva,and 2. 7% in Tribolium castaneum. By analyzing DEGs between INSV-free and INSV-carrying western flower thrips,we found that 11 genes were upregulated,and 9 genes were downregulated in western flower thrip after INSV infection. In addition,cell cycle and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in western flower thrip were significantly infected by INSV infection.

关键词： Western flower thrip (Frankliniella occidentalis) Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) Transcriptome Gene expression

Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”

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Bone Research 2019年第3期7卷 225-242页

作者： Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao Irvin Oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedics University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Microbiology & Immunology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center Richmond VA USA

Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, *** intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure.

关键词： disease caused by soft tissue necrotic tissuel