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A Novel multi-hop Algorithm for Wireless Network with Unevenly Distributed Nodes

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第1期58卷 79-100页

作者： Yu Liu Zhong Yang Xiaoyong Yan Guangchi Liu Bo Hu School of Computer Engineering Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjing211169China School of Intelligence Science and Control Engineering Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjing211169China School of Modern Post&Institute of Modern Posts Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China Stratifyd Inc. CharlotteNC 28208USA Center of Information Construction and Management Nanjing Normal University of Special EducationNanjing210038China

Node location estimation is not only the promise of the wireless network for target recognition,monitoring,tracking and many other applications,but also one of the hot topics in wireless network research.In this paper,the localization algorithm for wireless network with unevenly distributed nodes is discussed,and a novel multi-hop localization algorithm based on Elastic Net is proposed.The proposed approach is formulated as a regression problem,which is solved by Elastic Net.Unlike other previous localization approaches,the proposed approach overcomes the shortcomings of traditional approaches assume that nodes are distributed in regular areas without holes or obstacles,therefore has a strong adaptability to the complex deployment environment.The proposed approach consists of three steps:the data collection step,mapping model building step,and location estimation step.In the data collection step,training information among anchor nodes of the given network is collected.In mapping model building step,the mapping model among the hop-counts and the Euclidean distances between anchor nodes is constructed using Elastic Net.In location estimation step,each normal node finds its exact location in a distributed manner.Realistic scenario experiments and simulation experiments do exhibit the excellent and robust location estimation performance.

关键词： multi-hop localization Elastic Net regularization sparse

Energy Efficient Constrained Shortest Path First-Based Joint Resource Allocation and Route Selection for multi-hop CRNs

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China Communications 2017年第12期14卷 72-86页

作者： Qianbin Chen Ling Wang Yuanpeng Gao Rong Chai Xiaoge Huang Key Lab of Mobile Communication Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China

Cognitive radio networks(CRNs) are expected to improve spectrum utilization efficiently by allowing secondary users(SUs) to opportunistically access the licensed spectrum of primary users(PUs).In CRNs,source and destination SUs may achieve information interaction in an ad hoc manner.In the case that no direct transmission link between the SU transmission pairs is available,multi-hop relay SUs can be applied to forward information for the source and destination SUs,resulting in multi-hop CRNs.In this paper,we consider a multi-hop CRN consisting of multiple PUs,SU transmission pairs and relay SUs.Stressing the importance of transmission hops and the tradeoff between data rate and power consumption,we propose an energy efficient constrained shortest path first(CSPF)-based joint resource allocation and route selection algorithm,which consists of two sub-algorithms,i.e.,CSPF-based route selection sub-algorithm and energy efficient resource allocation sub-algorithm.More specifically,we first apply CSPF-based route selection sub-algorithm to obtain the shortest candidate routes(SCRs) between the SU pair under the transmission constraints.Then,an energy efficient resource allocation problem of the SCRs is formulated and solved by applying iterative algorithm and Lagrange dual method.Simu-lation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： cognitive radio network multi-hop relay resource allocation route selection energy efficiency

multi-hop routing for energy-efficiency enhancement in relay-assisted device-to-device communication

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2015年第2期22卷 1-6,51页

作者： Zhao Jingyi Li Xi Xu Quansheng Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless Communications Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Financial and environment considerations present new trends in wireless network known as green communication. As one of the most promising network architectures, the device-to-device （D2D） communication should take seriously account to the energy-efficiency. Most of the existing work in the area of D2D communication only focus on the direct communication, however, the direct link D2D communication has to be limited in practice because of long distance, poor propagation medium and cellular interference, etc. A new energy-efficient multi-hop routing algorithm was investigated for multi-hop D2D system by jointly optimizing channel reusing and power allocation. Firstly, the energy-efficient multi-hop routing problem was formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem. Secondly, to obtain a desirable solution with reasonable computation cost, a heuristic multi-hop routing algorithm was presented to solve the formulated problem and to achieve a satisfactory energy-efficiency performance. Simulation shows the effectiveness of the proposed routing algorithm.

关键词： device-to-device （D2D） communication energy-efficiency multi-hop relay-assisted transmission routing algorithm

Radio resource management scheme and outage analysis for network- assisted multi-hop D2D communications

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Digital Communications and Networks 2016年第4期2卷 225-232页

作者： Leila Melki Sameh Najeh Hichem Besbes University of Carthage Higher School of Communications of Tunis COSIM Research Lab Tunisia

In a cellular network it's very difficult to make spectrum resource more efficiently. Device-to-Device (D2D) technology enables new service opportunities, and provides high throughput and reliable communication while reducing the base station load. For better total performance, short-range D2D links and cellular links share the same radio resource and the management of interference becomes a crucial task. Here we argue that single-hop D2D technology can be used to further improve cellular networks performance if the key D2D radio resource management algorithms are suitably extended to support multi-hop D2D communications. Aiming to establish a new paradigm for the analysis and design of multi-hop D2D communications, We propose a radio resource allocation for multi-hop D2D routes based on interference avoidance approach in LTE-A networks. On top of that, we investigate the outage probability of D2D communication. We first introduce a new definition of outage probability by considering the maximum distance to be allowable for single-hop transmission. Then we study and analyze the outage performance of a multi-hop D2D route. We derive the general closed form expression of outage probability of the multi-hop D2D routes. The results demonstrate that the D2D radio, sharing the same resources as the cellular network, provide higher capacity compared to pure cellular communication where all the data is transmitted through the base station. They also demonstrate that the new method of calculation of D2D multi hop outage probability has better performance than classical method defined in the literature.

关键词： D2D multi-hop Interference avoidance Outage probability LTE-A

Packet delay analysis on IEEE 802.11 DCF under finite load traffic in multi-hop ad hoc networks

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Science in China(Series F) 2008年第4期51卷 408-416页

作者： DONG LinFang SHU YanTai CHEN HaiMing MA MaoDe Department of Information Science and Technology Tianjin University of Finance and Economics Tianjin 300222 China Department of Computer Science Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798

In this paper, the average packet delay on IEEE 802.11 DCF under finite load traffic in multi-hop ad hoc networks is analyzed. We employ a Markov chain model to analyze the probability of transmission at each node in an arbitrary slot and derive the channel access delay. We model each node using an M/G/1 queue and derive the queueing delay. The model is extended from analyzing the single-hop average packet delay to evaluating the end-to-end packet delay in multi-hop ad hoc networks without assuming the traffic to be in a saturation state. To validate our analytic results, we have done extensive simulation. The analytic and the simulation results match very well.

关键词： IEEE 802.11 DCF packet delay multi-hop finite load

Incentive Schemes of Nodes for Ad Hoc and multi-hop Cellular Networks

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China Communications 2007年第4期4卷 79-88页

作者： Wang Kun Wu Meng Nanjing Univ Posts & Telecommun Inst Commun & Informat Engn Nanjing 210003 Peoples R China

Nodes cooperation is a significant prerequisite for the realization of the relaying Ad Hoc.While with the development of multi-hop cellular networks, how to stimulate intermediate nodes to do the packet-forwarding deserves more concerning.At present research,the incentive schemes in pure Ad Hoc and multi-hop cellular networks are analyzed and compared to classify the strengths and drawbacks of each scheme.We explain in particular what the key issues are to implement incentive schemes for cooperation. Finally,an incentive scheme based on integration of reputation and charging systems is proposed not only to block the existence of selfish nodes,but to satisfy the rational requirement of nodes.

关键词： node cooperation incentive scheme in-depth summary multi-hop cellular networks Ad Hoc security

(EERSM): Energy-Efficient multi-hop Routing Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Combination between Stationary and Mobile Nodes

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2019年第4期7卷 31-52页

作者： Fawaz Alassery Computer Engineering Department Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia

In Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs), sensor nodes collect data and send them to a Base Station (BS) for further processing. One of the most issues in WSNs that researchers have proposed a hundred of technique to solve its impact is the energy constraint since sensor nodes have small battery, small memory and less data processing with low computational capabilities. However, many researches efforts have focused on how to prolong the battery lifetime of sensor nodes by proposing different routing, MAC, localization, data aggregation, topology construction techniques. In this paper, we will focus on routing techniques which aim to prolonging the network lifetime. Hence, we propose an Energy-Efficient Routing technique in WSNs based on Stationary and Mobile nodes (EERSM). Sensing filed is divided into intersected circles which contain Mobile Nodes (MN). The proposed data aggregation technique via the circular topology will eliminate the redundant data to be sent to the Base Station (BS). MN in each circle will rout packets for their source nodes, and move to the intersected area where another MN is waiting (sleep mode) to receive the transmitted packet, and then the packet will be delivered to the next intersected area until the packet is arrived to the BS. Our proposed EERSM technique is simulated using MATLAB and compared with conventional multi-hop techniques under different network models and scenarios. In the simulation, we will show how the proposed EERSM technique overcomes many routing protocols in terms of the number of hops counted when sending packets from a source node to the destination (i.e. BS), the average residual energy, number of sent packets to the BS, and the number of a live sensor nodes verse the simulation rounds.

关键词： Energy Efficiency in WSNs Data Aggregation of WSNs Mobile Nodes in WSNs multi-hop Routing in WSNs Power Efficient Techniques

A Framework for multi-hop Ad-Hoc Networking over Wi-Fi Direct with Android Smart Devices

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Communications and Network 2021年第4期13卷 143-158页

作者： Rémy Maxime Mbala Jean Michel Nlong Jean-Robert Kala Kamdjoug Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science The University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon Laboratory of Mathematics Computer Science and Applications Faculty of Science The University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon GRIAGES Catholic University of Central Africa Yaoundé Cameroon

The wide diffusion of mobile devices that natively support ad hoc communication technologies has led to several protocols for enabling and optimizing Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). Nevertheless, the actual utilization of MANETs in real life seems limited due to the lack of protocols for the automatic creation and evolution of ad hoc networks. Recently, a novel P2P protocol named Wi-Fi Direct has been proposed and standardized by the Wi-Fi Alliance to facilitate nearby devices’ interconnection. Wi-Fi Direct provides high-performance direct communication among devices, includes different energy management mechanisms, and is now available in most Android mobile devices. However, the current implementation of Wi-Fi Direct on Android has several limitations, making the Wi-Fi Direct network only be a one-hop ad-hoc network. This paper aims to develop a new framework for multi-hop ad hoc networking using Wi-Fi Direct in Android smart devices. The framework includes a connection establishment protocol and a group management protocol. Simulations validate the proposed framework on the OMNeT++ simulator. We analyzed the framework by varying transmission range, number of hops, and buffer size. The results indicate that the framework provides an eventual 100% packet delivery for different transmission ranges and hop count values. The buffer size has enough space for all packets. However, as buffer size decreases, the packet delivery decreases proportionally.

关键词： Wi-Fi Direct Android Smart Devices Mobile Ad Hoc Network Framework Connection Protocol multi-hop Service Discovery

3D E-CRUSE:Energy-based throughput analysis of three dimensional underwater network using RF communication

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2022年第2期7卷 155-162页

作者： Pavan Ganesh PSS Hrishikesh Venkataraman Next Generation Communication Group Indian Institute of Information Technology Sri City(IIITS)AP517646India

Monitoring the ocean shore continuously in real-time is essential for important applications like port security,coastal surveillance,assistance in navigation etc.This needs a high data rate for the transmis-sion of data from underwater nodes to the surface.Acoustic communication is the traditional approach for underwater networks and offers long-range communication.However,the achievable data rate using acoustic communication is in the order of kbps only.Radio frequency(RF)based communication per-forms better than acoustic communication and provides a data rate of up to 100 Mbps in an underwater environment.Nonetheless,due to high propagation loss,the communication range using RF is limited to a few meters.More importantly,the underwater nodes are battery-operated and recharging the bat-tery is difficult.Therefore,it is imperative that underwater RF networks are analyzed using an accurate energy model for its deployment and management.This requires that the underwater network is prop-erly modeled.In this work,a cluster-based three-dimensional(3D)architecture for underwater networks using RF communication is proposed.Importantly,the energy-based throughput of the 3D architecture using multi-hop communication,3D E-CRUSE,is obtained using a mathematical model.The throughput is then observed for various water environments,various parameters and the results are compared to the existing two-dimensional architecture.It is observed that the throughput of the proposed 3D architecture is up to 3 times more than the 2D architecture.

关键词： Cluster Energy model multi-hop Throughput Radio frequency Underwater