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Thunderstorm and lightning Activities over Western Pacific,Northern Indian Ocean and South China Sea Along with Their Adjacent Lands

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热带气象学报:英文版 2023年第3期29卷 347-358页

作者：丁嘉欣张义军郑栋姚雯张文娟 Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438 China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster(CIC-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044 China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081 China CMA-FDU Joint Laboratory of Marine Meteorology and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Atmosphere-Ocean Interaction Shanghai 200438 China

The lightning Imaging Sensor(LIS)and Radar Precipitation Feature(RPF)data are used to investigate the activities and properties of lightning and thunderstorms over a region including the Western Pacific,northern Indian Ocean and the South China Sea along with their adjacent *** lands feature significantly more frequent lightning flashes and thunderstorms than the oceans,especially the open *** highest densities of lightning and thunderstorm occur over the Strait of Malacca and the southern foothills of the *** the ocean regions,the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea are characterized by relatively frequent lightning and thunderstorm *** average spatiotemporal size and optical radiance of flashes can be found over the oceans;specifically,the offshore area features the most significant flash duration,and the open ocean area is characterized by the greatest flash length and optical *** smallest average values of flash properties can be found over and around the Tibetan Plateau(TP).The oceanic thunderstorms tend to have a significantly larger horizontal extent than the continental thunderstorms,with the former and latter having the average area of the regions with radar reflectivity larger than 20 dBZ,generally over 7000 km^(2) and commonly below 6000 km^(2),*** TP thunderstorms show the smallest horizontal ***,the oceanic thunderstorms exhibit greater 20 dBZ but smaller 40 dBZ top heights than the continental *** average flash frequency and density of the oceanic thunderstorms are typically less than 5 fl min^(-1) and 0.3 fl 100 km^(-2) min^(-1),respectively;in contrast,the corresponding values of continental thunderstorms are *** is explored that the regions associated with strong convective thunderstorms are more likely to feature small-horizontal-extent and low-radiance flashes.

关键词： lightning thunderstorm land ocean thunderstorm structure lightning spatiotemporal size and radiance

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