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Juvenile hormone signaling-a mini review

Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 600-606页

作者： Kang Li Qiang-Qiang Jia Sheng Li Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research Institute of Insect Science and Technology&School of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina

Since it was first postulated by Wigglesworth in 1934, juvenile hormone (JH) is considered a status quo hormone in insects because it prevents metamorphosis that is initiated by the molting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). During the last decade, significant advances have been made regarding JH signaling. First, the bHLH-PAS transcription factor Met/Gce was identified as the JH intracellular receptor. In the presence of JH, with the assistance of Hsp83, and through physical association with a bHLH?PAS transcriptional co-activator, Met/Gce enters the nucleus and binds to E-box-like motifs in promoter regions of JH primary?response genes for inducing gene expression. Second, the zinc finger transcription factor Kr-hl was identified as the anti-metamorphic factor which transduces JH signaling. Via Kr-hl binding sites, Kr-hl represses expression of 20E primary?response genes (i.e. Bi\ E93 and E5) to prevent 20E-induced metamorphosis. Third, through the intracellular signaling, JH promotes differ ent aspects of female reproduction. Nevertheless, this action varies greatly from species to species. Last, a hypothetical JH membrane receptor has been predicted to be either a GPCR or a tyrosine kinase receptor. In future, it will be a great challenge to understand how the JH intracellular receptor Met/Gce and the yet unidentified JH membrane receptor coordinate to regulate metamorphosis and reproduction in insects.

关键词： intracellular receptor juvenile hormone (JH) Kr-h 1 membrane receptor Met/Gce metamorphosis reproduction

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Immune Activation in the Liver by Nucleic Acids

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2016年第2期4卷 151-157页

作者： Qian Sun Qingde Wang Melanie J.Scott Timothy R.Billiar Department of Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPAUSA

Viral infection in the liver,including hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection,is a major health problem worldwide,especially in developing countries.The infection triggers a pro-inflammatory response in patients that is crucial for host defense.Recent studies have identified multiple transmembrane and cytosolic receptors that recognize pathogen-derived nucleic acids,and these receptors are essential for driving immune activation in the liver.In addition to sensing DNA/RNA from pathogens,these intracellular receptors can be activated by nucleic acids of host origin in response to sterile injuries.In this review,we discuss the expanding roles of these receptors in both immune and nonimmune cells in the liver.

关键词： Nucleic acid Innate immunity intracellular receptor Hepatocytes

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