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Morphology of single inhalable particle inside public transit biodiesel fueled bus

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第2期22卷 263-270页

作者： Kaushik K.Shandilya Ashok Kumar Department of Civil Engineering The University of Toledo

In an urban-transit bus, fueled by biodiesel in Toledo, Ohio, single inhalable particle samples in October 2008 were collected and detected by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry （SEM/EDS）. particle size analysis found bimodal distribution at 0.2 and 0.5 μm. The particle morphology was characterized by 14 different shape clusters： square, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, decagon, agglomerate, sphere, triangle, oblong, strip, line or stick, and unknown, by quantitative order. The square particles were common in the samples. Round and triangle particles are more, and pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, decagon, strip, line or sticks are less. Agglomerate particles were found in abundance. The surface of most particles was coarse with a fractal edge that can provide a suitable chemical reaction bed in the polluted atmospheric environment. The three sorts of surface patterns of squares were smooth, semi-smooth, and coarse. The three sorts of square surface patterns represented the morphological characteristics of single inhalable particles in the air inside the bus in Toledo. The size and shape distribution results were compared to those obtained for a bus using ultra low sulfur diesel.

关键词： individual particle environmental scanning electron microscope urban-public transit bus ultra low sulfur diesel

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Atmospheric fine particles in a typical coastal port of Yangtze River Delta

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第12期32卷 62-70页

作者： Qi Yuan Xiaomi Teng Shaoxuan Tu Binxin Feng Zhiyu Wu Hang Xiao Qiuliang Cai Yinxiao Zhang Qiuhan Lin Zhaoce Liu Mengmeng He Xiaokun Ding Weijun Li Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province Department of Atmospheric SciencesSchool of Earth SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment&Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research StationChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315830China School of Earth Science and Engineering Hebei University of EngineeringHandan 056038China Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

In recent decades, coastal ports have experienced rapid development and become an important economic and ecological hub in China. Atmospheric particle is a research hotspot in atmospheric environmental sciences in inland regions. However, few studies on the atmospheric particle were conducted in coastal port areas in China, which indeed suffers atmospheric particle pollution. Lack of the physicochemical characteristics of fine particles serves as an obstacle toward the accurate control for air pollution in the coastal port area in China. Here, a field observation was conducted in an important coastal port city in Yangtze River Delta from March 6 to March 19, 2019. The average PM2.5 concentration was 63.7 ±27.8 μg/m^3 and NO3^-, SO4^2-, NH4^+, and organic matter accounted for ?60% of PM 2.5. Fe was the most abundant trace metal element and V as the ship emission indicator was detected. Transmission electron microscopy images showed that SK-rich, soot, Fe, SK-soot and SK-Fe were the major individual particles in the coastal port. V and soluble Fe were detected in sulfate coating of SK-Fe particles. We found that anthropogenic emissions, marine sea salt, and secondary atmosphere process were the major sources of fine particles. Backward trajectory analysis indicated that the dominant air masses were marine air mass, inland air mass from northern Zhejiang and inland-marine mixed air mass from Shandong and Shanghai during the sampling period. The findings can help us better understand the physicochemical properties of atmospheric fine particles in the coastal port of Eastern China.

关键词： Coastal port Water-soluble ion Organic matter Trace metal individual particle

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Characterization of Dust and Non-dust Aerosols with SEM/EDX

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2006年第1期5卷 85-90页

作者： QI Jianhua LI Xianguo FENG Lijuan ZHANG Manping College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 P. R. China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 P.R. China

Total suspended particulate （TSP） samples were collected at three sites along the coast of Qingdao, China, before and during a major dust storm in March, 2002. For comparison, PM10（particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less than 10μm） samples were collected at one of the three sites. The morphological observation and compositional analysis of bulk and individual particles were performed by using scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray system （SEM/EDX） for the TSP and PM10 samples. The results showed that the particles of different kinds of morphology had different elemental compositions, but the particles of similar morphology did not always have the same elemental composition for non-dust samples. The morphology and composition of non-dust particles were different at different sites. The fractal and spherical particles existed mainly in the coarse fraction for non-dust samples, while in the fine mode （〈 10μm） there were floccules formed by fine particles flocking together and containing crustal elements. Compared with the non-dust particles, the dust particles were more homogeneous in terms of morphology, particle size and composition. particles with irregular shapes and well-distributed sizes dominated in the dust samples, containing crustal elements such as Mg, A1, Si, Ca, Fe, etc. The high sulfur content indicated that homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions took place on the surfaces of the dust particles in the specific environment of Qingdao.

关键词： aerosol individual particle scanning electron microscopy

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