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Water incubation-induced fluctuating release of heavy metals in two smelter-contaminated soils

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第8期31卷 14-23页

作者： Bin Yang Yunzhe Cao Jie Ren Mei Wang Huilong Luo Fasheng Li College of Water Science Beijing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences School of Ecology and Environment Inner Mongolia University

The soil moisture regime can affect the release of heavy metals in soil. In the previous studies, slightly polluted soils or artificially contaminated soil samples were considered to investigate the effect of soil moisture. We used highly smelter-contaminated and aged soils to study the release of typical heavy metals(Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) induced by water incubation in batch experiments with characterization via speciation and X-ray diffraction analyses(XRD). The results show that the leachable concentrations of the heavy metals increased slightly in the first 30 days, decreased drastically between 30 and 90 days, and immobilized relatively constant thereafter. The fluctuation was ascribed to the changes of soil Eh and pH, the reductive dissolution of crystalline iron oxides, the formation of new amorphous iron oxides, the absorption of dissolved organic matter and the precipitation of metal sulfide. Speciation analysis indicated that a proportion of the soil heavy metals was transformed from an exchangeable fraction to a less labile fraction after water incubation. And the presence of a lead iron oxide phase and the peak increasing of zinc sulfide were observed via XRD analyses. Finally, water incubation restrained the release of heavy metals after 180 days of incubation, and reduced the leachability of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb by as much as 1.61%–7.21% for soil A and 0.43%–3.36% for soil B, respectively. The study findings have implications for the formulation of risk control and management strategies for heavy metals in smelter-contaminated soils.

关键词： Smelter-contaminated soil Heavy metals Water incubation Release Fraction

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Metabolic profiling of four synthetic stimulants,including the novel indanyl-cathinone 5-PPDi,after human hepatocyte incubation

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2020年第2期10卷 147-156页

作者： David Fabregat-Safont Marie Mardal Juan V.Sancho Félix Hernández Kristian Linnet María Ibánez Research Institute for Pesticides and Water University Jaume IAvda.Sos Baynat s/n12071CastellónSpain Department of Forensic Medicine Section of Forensic ChemistryFaculty of Health and Medicinal SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederik V's vej 112100KФbenhavnФDenmark Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine University Hospital of Northern NorwaySykehusvegenTromsoeNorway

Synthetic cathinones are new psychoactive substances that represent a health risk worldwide.For most of the 130 reported compounds,information about toxicology and/or metabolism is not available,which hampers their detection(and subsequent medical treatment)in intoxication cases.The principles of forensic analytical chemistry and the use of powerful analytical techniques are indispensable for stab-lishing the most appropriate biomarkers for these substances.Human metabolic fate of synthetic cathinones can be assessed by the analysis of urine and blood obtained from authentic consumers;however,this type of samples is limited and difficult to access.In this work,the metabolic behaviour of three synthetic cathinones(4-CEC,4-CPrC and 5-PPDi)and one amphetamine(3-FEA)has been evalu-ated by incubation with pooled human hepatocytes and metabolite identification has been performed by high-resolution mass spectrometry.This in vitro approach has previously shown its feasibility for obtaining excretory human metabolites.4-CEC and 3-FEA were not metabolised,and for 4-CPrC only two minor metabolites were obtained.On the contrary,for the recently reported 5-PPDi,twelve phase I metabolites were elucidated.Up to our knowledge,this is the first metabolic study of an indanyl-cathinone.Data reported in this paper will allow the detection of these synthetic stimulants in intoxi-cation cases,and will facilitate future research on the metabolic behaviour of other indanyl-based cathinones.

关键词： Synthetic cathinones 5-PPDi Metabolite identification In vitro metabolism Hepatocyte incubation High resolution mass spectrometry

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Circular RNA expression alterations are involved in incubation of morphine craving

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2018年第9期32卷 728-729页

作者： YU Hai-lei WEN Di ZHANG Xiu-ning ZHANG Jing-jing SHEN Qian-chao JING Wei-wei CONG Bin MA Chun-ling College of Forensic Medicine Hebei Medical University Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification Shijiazhuang 050017 China

OBJECTIVE Cue-induced drug craving progressively increase after prolong abstinence in animal and human beings.A behavioral phenomenon termed incubation of drug craving is considered as a key reason for drug relapse,but the transcriptional mechanisms that contribute to this incubation are unknown.It has been demonstrated that circular RNAs(circR NAs),act as miR NA sponges,play important roles in the regulation of gene expression and the pathogenesis of disease.The present study aims to explore the transcriptional profiles associated with incubation of morphine craving in nucleus accumbens(NAc),an important brain area previously implicated in drug seeking.METHODS The animal model of the incubation of drug craving was induced by CPP paradigms with six morphine(5 mg·kg-1) injections and 14 d drug abstinence in mice.The brain tissues of NAc were collected after the behavioral tests for circRNA-sequencing by Illumina Hiseq X sequencer.We identified differentially expressed genes(DEGs) by qRT-PCR and used bioinformatics methods for further function analysis.RESULTS The progressive increase of CPP scores during the 14 d drug abstinence indicated the establishment of animal model.The data of circRNA-sequencing reported that 16 circRNAs were significantly altered after 28 d drug abstinence in NAc of morphine treated mice(FC≥2 and P<0.05).Among those circRNAs,9 were significantly up-regulated,while 7 were down-regulated.Furthermore,we subsequently tested circRNAs expression using quantitative real-time PCR,and the consistent data were obtained.The results of KEGG pathway analysis indicated that these genes were enriched for several biological processes,including RNA transport,protein ubiquitination and histone methylation,etc.CONCLUSION These findings provide a unique resource of gene expression data for future studies examining transcriptional mechanisms in NAc that mediate opioids seeking after prolonged withdrawal.

关键词： morphine drug craving incubation circular RNAs KEGG pathway

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Persistence in a Stochastic SEIR Model with Constant Immigration in incubation Period

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2016年第4期33卷 649-651页

作者：徐敏胡良剑 School of Statistics and Information Shanghai University of International Business and Economics College of Science Donghua University

A kind of stochastic susceptible-exposed but not infectiousinfectious-removed (SEIR) model with constant immigration in incubation period is presented, based on a deterministic SEIR model, via the technique of parameter perturbation which is standard in stochastic population modeling. The influence of the environmental noise as a standard Gaussian white noise on the epidemics' transmission is studied. Furthermore,the condition for the epidemics' persistence is obtained by formulating the corresponding function and using It 's formula. And the asymptotic behavior of the model near the endemic disease equilibrium is also studied. In this way, the decision support is provided in the application of this kind of stochastic SEIR model on the epidemics' prevention and control.

关键词： incubation period constant immigration SEIR model basic reproduction number endemic disease equilibrium persistence

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Embryonic Growth and Yolk Depletion during incubation in the Chinese Skink, Plestiodon chinensis

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Asian Herpetological Research 2019年第1期10卷 56-61页

作者： Li MA Kun GUO Shan SU Xiang JI Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life Sciences Nanjing Normal University

We collected 24 gravid female Chinese skinks(Plestiodon chinensis) to study embryonic growth and yolk depletion during incubation. Females laid eggs between late May and mid-June. Eggs were incubated at 24(± 0.3) ℃. One egg from each clutch was dissected at 5-d intervals starting at laying. Embryonic stages at laying varied from Dufaure and Hubert's(1961) Stage 30-35, with a mean stage of 32.6. incubation lengths at 24 ℃ varied from 35.1 to 48.3 d, with a mean of 41.5 d. Based on the derived functions describing instantaneous changes in embryo dry mass and yolk dry mass, we identified three phases of embryonic growth or yolk depletion in P. chinensis. Phase 1, from Day 0(at laying) to Day 15(～36% of the way through incubation), was one of minimal transfer of material from yolk to embryo. Phase 2, from Day 15 to Day 32-33(～77%-80% of the way through incubation), was characterized by increasingly rapid embryonic growth or yolk depletion. Phase 3, from Day 32-33 to hatching, was characterized by reduced embryonic growth or yolk depletion. The length of the last embryonic stage(Stage 40 = completely differentiated embryos) accounted for about 28% of incubation length, and the dry mass of the smallest embryos of Stage 40 accounted for only ～48% of the hatchling dry mass. Our study adds evidence to the idea that oviposition is not timed to coincide with the onset of rapid embryonic growth in oviparous reptiles, and is first to demonstrate that ～50% embryonic growth occurs in the last quarter of incubation in P. chinensis.

关键词： egg incubation embryonic growth embryonic stage Plestiodon chinensis scincid lizard yolk depletion

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为提高肉鸡品质和强壮程度进行昼夜孵化

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2014年第8期34卷 6-7页

作者：陶莉罗静如 Marleen Boerjan 荷兰Pas Reform公司孵化场技术部

商业性孵化场中的热调节是指在孵化的第2周或第3周,使鸡胚在白天接受短暂的1℃~2℃热或冷刺激的方法。这一过程被称为"昼夜孵化(Circadioan incubation)"法,它可提高种蛋的孵化率和孵出雏鸡的饲料转化率。

关键词：热调节饲料转化率冷刺激 incubation 差别基因表达胚胎细胞壳腺孵化技术细胞环境

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Kinetic limit for incubation period of primary phase produced by the combination reaction between two solid heterogeneous pure metals

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第12期51卷 2232-2243页

作者： XIONG JiangTao1,2,LI JingLong1,ZHANG FuSheng1,LIN Xin2 & HUANG WeiDong2 1 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China 2 State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an China

An irreversible thermodynamics model was constructed to study the combination reaction of two heterogeneous pure metals in diffusion bonding based on the theorem of minimum entropy production and the Curie principle.The correlation between the irreversible reaction and diffusion was discussed,which provided the kinetic inevitability of an incubation period of a primary phase.The analytical descriptions of the incubation period and the kinetically critical grain size of the primary phase were deduced.Comparison of the experimental results of Al/Mo interfacial reaction with the calculations indicated that the performed theoretical analysis was reliable.

关键词： incubation period primary phase interfacial reaction irreversible thermodynamics

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Overoxidized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-overoxidized polypyrrole composite films with enhanced electrocatalytic ability for rutin and luteolin determination

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023年第6期17卷 735-748页

作者： Rongqian Meng Jianke Tang Hong Yang Lijun Guo Yongbo Song Qiaoling Li Yulan Niu Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Taiyuan Institute of TechnologyTaiyuan 030008China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Science North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

In this study, a simple and effective method was proposed to improve the electrocatalytic ability of overoxidized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-overoxidized polypyrrole composite films modified on glassy carbon electrode for rutin and luteolin determination. The composite electrode was prepared by cyclic voltammetry copolymerization with LiClO_(4)-water as the supporting electrolyte. The peak current of rutin and luteolin on the composite electrode gradually decreased or even disappeared with the increase in the positive potential limit. After incubation in NaOH–ethanol solution with a volume ratio of 1:1, the composite electrodes prepared at positive potential limit greater than 1.5 V exhibited enhanced differential pulse voltammetry peak currents, reduced charge transfer resistance, larger effective specific surface area and higher electron transfer rate constant. The composite electrode prepared in the potential range of 0–1.7 V showed optimal electrocatalytic performance. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results indicated that the content of –SO_(2)/–SO and –C=N– groups in the composite film increased significantly after incubation. Further, the Raman spectra and Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed that the thiophene ring structure changed from benzene-type to quinone-type, and the quinone-type pyrrole ring was formed. The electrocatalytic mechanism of the composite film was proposed based on the experimental results and further verified by Density Functional Theory calculation.

关键词： overoxidized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-overoxidized polypyrrole rutin luteolin incubation electrocatalytic mechanism

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Artificial incubation of Tetrao parvirostris

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Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 2020年第1期12卷 41-42页

作者： Liu Hao Huang Huiwen Heilongjiang Research Institute of Wildlife Harbin 150040China Changsha Wildlife Park Changsha 410009China

The eggs of Tetrao parvirostris were artificially incubated in Huzhong area of Heilongjiang Province.The results showed that the average incubation rate of 377 eggs was 86.7%;the suitable temperature for artificial incubation was 37.5℃;and the relative humidity was(60±5)%.The incubation lasted 24-26 d,and the weight loss ratio of artificially incubated eggs was 21.6%.The regression equation between egg weight and incubation days was Y=54.31-0.37X(γ=0.98).

关键词： Tetrao parvirostris Artificial incubation

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Artificial incubation of Great Bustard (Otis tarda) Eggs

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Journal of Forestry Research 1998年第2期9卷 81-86页

作者：王进军田秀华高照弘董凤友黄守华徐美荣张新茹魏淑琴宋金宝宁永强许青

A trial of artificial incubation to great bustard (Otis tarda ) egg was conducted from 1995 to 1997.Among the 45 collected eggs, 28 eggs were fertilized and 26 hatched, with fertilizing rate 62.2% and incubation rate 92.85%. The mean incubation-days for great bustard egg was confirmed as 24.4(21-28 days) with the formula for caculating fresh egg weight (W=KwLB2) and that for counting the incubated days by parents birds in field (ld=24(w-y)/0.144y). The proper incubation temperature and relative humidity were 36-37.8℃ and 50-65%.respectively. The egg weights and egg size average 130.45 g and 77.411.42 × 55.5 ± 0.65-mm respectively. The total weight loss of egg was 18.38±0.646 g, daily weight loss 0.748±0.071g in the incubation time. with a weight loss rate of 13.6±1 .02%. A linear regression equation to discribe the relationship between the egg weight and incubation days, was built, y=130.73-0.619± (x--incubation day, y--egg weight). r=-0.978. Twenty-eight hours were nassassary for great bustard embryo to complete the fledging when the were put in gas room. The mean weight of fledglings was 86.3±3.29 g(n=26).

关键词： Otis tarda Great bustard Egg Artificial incubation

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